The purpose of this study is to explain the factors affecting the expenditure of private tutoring, to analyze the effect of its reduction policy without bias and to suggest the policy implications. For analysis, we put to practical use the Tobit model...
The purpose of this study is to explain the factors affecting the expenditure of private tutoring, to analyze the effect of its reduction policy without bias and to suggest the policy implications. For analysis, we put to practical use the Tobit model and the Heckman selection model (2-step), considering the characteristic of private tutoring expenditure as a dependent variable. The analysis showed that private tutoring expenditure was influenced by demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. In particular, we found important implications from factors like household earning, parents' level of scholarship and administrative district. In addition, we deduced that the reduction policy could not result in a visible effect. The 'after-school classes' program had a negative effect on private tutoring expenditure, but this effect was insignificant. Considering the temporal and spatial limitations of the program, we could not say that it had an essential effect on the reduction of private tutoring expenditure. In contrast, the 'internet·broadcast education' program had a positive influence on private tutoring expenditure. The results showed that the 'internet·broadcast education' program acted as a substitute rather than a supplement. Henceforth, for designing the reduction policy of private tutoring expenditure, we should consider the various factors affecting the expenditure of private tutoring and the differential acceptability of the policy according to each of the affecting factors.