파레토 효율과 평등 = Pareto Efficiency and Equality

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Pareto``s Law of income distribution accepts a certain level of inequality as natural, while Pareto Efficiency is known to have a trade-off relationship with equality. Both indicate Pareto``s conservative nature. Nevertheless, he has a progressive side as well in his pursuit of equilibrium. Pareto claimed that circulation of elite is essential for a well working economy. An economy with severe income inequality in which wealth and poverty are transmitted across generations would not function well. Economic growth may lessen inequality dynamically. Efficiency and equality can be in a virtuous cycle.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 크리스티아 프릴랜드, "플루토크라트: 모든 것을가진 사람과 그 나머지" 열린책들 2013

2 리처드 H. 토니, "평등" 한길사 1982

3 박천익, "파레토복지경제학" 대구대학교출판부 1998

4 로버트 라이시, "위기는 왜 반복되는가: 공황과 번영, 불황 그리고 제4의 시대" 김영사 2011

5 조지프 스티글리츠, "불평등의 대가: 분열된 사회는 왜 위험한가" 열린 책들 2013

6 앤서니 B. 앳킨슨, "불평등을 넘어" 글항아리 2015

7 한국이론경제연구학회, "근대경제학사전" 신명문화사 1957

8 Acemoglu, Daron., "국가는 왜 실패하는가" 시공사 2012

9 주종환, "경제학개론" 일조각 1977

10 김세직, "경제성장과 교육의 공정경쟁" 53 (53): 3-20, 2014

11 Schumpeter, Joseph, "Vilfredo Pareto, 1848-1923" 63 : 147-173, 1923

12 Hicks, John Richard, "Value and Capital: An Inquiry into some Fundamenatal Principles of Economic Theory" The Clarendon Press 1946

13 Koopmans, Tjalling C, "Three Essays on The State of Economic Science" McGraw-Hill Books Company 1957

14 Alvaredo, Facundo., "The Top 1 Percent in International and Historical Perspective" 27 (27): 3-20, 2013

15 Krueger, Alan B., "The Rise and Consequences of Inequality in the United States" 2012

16 Bivens, Josh., "The Pay of Corporate Executives and Financial Professionals as Evidence of Rents in Top 1 Percent Incomes" 27 (27): 57-78, 2013

17 Pareto, Vilfredo, "The New Theories of Economics" 5 (5): 485-502, 1897

18 Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro., "The Income Curve and the Probability Curve La curva delle entrate e la curva di probabilità" 2 : 14-, 1897

19 Pareto, Vilfredo, "The Income Curve and Professor Edgeworth’s Observations" 439-448, 1896

20 Pigou, A. C., "The Economics of Welfare" Macmillan 1932

21 Cirillo, R, "The Economics of Vilfredo Pareto" Frank Cass 1979

22 Rosen, Sherwin, "The Economics of Superstars" 71 (71): 845-858, 1981

23 Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro, "Supplementary Notes on Statistics" 59 : 533-534, 1896

24 Baumol, William, "Superfairness" The MIT Press 1986

25 Arrow, Kenneth, "Social Choice and Justice" Basil Blackwell 1984

26 Persky, Joseph, "Retrospectives: Pareto’s Law" 6 (6): 181-192, 1992

27 Zajac, Edward, "Political Economy of Fairness" MIT Press 1995

28 Berthonnet, Iréne, "Pareto-Optimality or Pareto-Efficience: Same Concept, Different Names? An Analysis over a Centrury of Economic Literature" 32 : 129-145,

29 Hicks, John Richard, "Pareto Revealed" 28 : 318-322, 1961

30 Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro, "Palgrave Dictionary of Political Economy, Vol. Ⅲ" Macmillan 710-711, 1923

31 Sen, Amartya, "On Economic Inequality" Oxford University Press 1973

32 Loria A., "Obituary: Vilfredo Pareto" 33 : 341-, 1923

33 Pareto, Vilfredo, "Manual of Political Economy" Augustus 1927

34 Kaplan, Steven N., "It’s the Market : The Broad-Based Rise in the Return to Top Talent" 27 (27): 35-56, 2013

35 Corak, Miles, "Income Inequality, Equality of Opportunity, and Intergenerational Mobility" 27 (27): 79-102, 2013

36 Samuelson, Paul A., "Foundations of Economic Analysis" Harvard University Press 1983

37 Pareto, Vilfredo, "Final Reply to Professor Edgeworth Ultima Risposta al Prof. Edgeworth" 219-220, 1897

38 Kaplan, Steven N., "Family, Education, and Sources of Wealth among the Richest Americans, 1982-2012" 103 (103): 158-162, 2013

39 Okun, Arthur M., "Equality and Efficiency: The Big Tradeoff" The Brookings Institution 1975

40 Samuelson, Paul A., "Economics" McGraw-Hill 1980

41 Blaug, Mark, "Economic Theory in Retrospect" Cambridge University Press 1996

42 Mankiw, N. Gregory, "Defending the One Percent" 27 (27): 21-34, 2013

43 Pareto, Vilfredo, "Cours d’economie politique 1896"

44 Solow, Robert, "Correspondence: The One Percent" (Winter) : 243-244, 2014

45 Mankiw, N. Gregory, "Correspondence: Response from N. Gregory Mankiw" (Winter) : 244-245, 2014

46 Burkhauser, Richard V., "Correspondence" (Winter) : 245-247, 2014

47 Camerer, Colin., "Anomalies : Ultimatums, Dictators and Manners" 9 (9): 209-219, 1995

48 Suzumura, Kotaro, "An Interview with Paul Samuelson: Welfare Economics, “old” and “new” and Social Choice Theory" 25 (25): 327-356, 2005

49 Rawls, John, "A Theory of Justice" Clarendon Press 1972

50 토마 피케티, "21세기 자본" 글항아리 2014