부정적 생활스트레스와 우울과의 관계 : 문제해결과 완벽주의의 중재효과와 매개효과 = The Moderating and Mediating Effects of Problem Solving and Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism on the Relationship between Negative Life Stress and Depression

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the roles of problem solving and perfectionism for the process from life stress to depress. To identify the roles, 545 college students of both genders were studied for the moderating and mediating effects of the problem solving and perfectionism on the process from negative life stress to depress. The research tools used on them were BDI, negative life stress questionnaire, PSI, and MPS. The result was that negative life stress, problem solving, and evaluative concerns perfectionism showed positive relationships with the degree of depress. It was testified that evaluative concerns perfectionism operated as a factor to moderate the problem caused by negative life stress as well as a mediate factor. In case of Problem solving, it operated as a factor to moderate, but it was not proved to be a mediate factor. These results identified the importances of cognitive mediation to improve evaluative concerns perfectionism, and of problem solving ability promotion that affected the depress syndrome. Finally the limitations of this study were discussed

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 부정적인 생활 스트레스와 우울과의 관계에서 문제해결과 완벽주의가 어떠한 역할을 하는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 대학생 남녀 545명을 대상으로 부정적인 생활 스트레스와 우울간의 관계에서 문제해결과 완벽주의의 중재와 매개효과를 검증하였다. 여기에 사용된 연구도구는 BDI, 부정적인 생활스트레스 질문지, 문제해결척도(PSI), 다차원적 완벽주의 척도이었다. 본 연구 결과에서 부정적 생활스트레스와 문제해결, 평가적 염려 완벽주의는 우울과 정적 상관이 있었다. 또한 부정적 생활스트레스와 우울의 관계에서 문제해결은 우울에 대한 부정적 생활스트레스의 역할을 완충하는 중재변인으로 작용하였으나 매개효과는 밝혀지지 않았다. 반면에 평가적 염려 완벽주의는 중재변인으로 작용하였으며 동시에 매개변인으로도 작용하였다. 이 같은 연구 결과는 우울 증상에 영향을 미치는 문제해결에 대한 긍정적인 자기 지각의 증진과 평가적 염려 완벽주의를 개선하는 인지적 중재의 중요성을 확인시켜주었다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점에 대해서도 논의하였다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "한국 정신장애의 역학적 조사 연구 도시 및 시골 지역의 평생 유병률" 121-131, 1986

2 "우울취약성과 우울수준 성격차원 및 부정적인 생활스트레스와의 관계" 1993

3 "완벽주의 성향의 순기능과 역기능: 성취목표, 스트레스, 심리적 안녕감, 우울과 관련 하여." 한양대학교 2001

4 "완벽주의 성향과 평가수준이 과제수행에 미치는 영향" 1992

5 "스트레스와 우울 간의 관계 자기 효능감과 완벽주의의 매개효과" 아주대학교 2002

6 "및 부적응과의 관련성" 1993

7 "문제 해결력에 대한 자기 지각과 우울과의 관계" 35 (35): 115-134, 1997

8 "대학생용 생활 스트레스 척도의 개발" 137-158, 1991

9 "predictors and consequences of childhood depressive symptom Journal of Abnormal Psychology" (len-hoeksema) : 405-422, 1992

10 "indices of personality disorder Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioural Assesment" 323-335, 1992

11 "awareness and utilization of campus helping resources Journal of Counseling Psychology" 39-44, 1986

12 "and suicide ideation in a college population Journal of Counseling Psychology" 51-56, 1991

13 "and career decision making style correlates of career indecision Journal of Career Assesment" 66-82, 1993

14 "The specificity of the Eating Disorder Inventory British Journal of Clinical Psychology" 129-130, 1985

15 "The relation between perfectionism and distress and perceived social support as mediator and moderator" 47 (47): 437-453, 2000

16 "The dimensions of perfectionism" 449-468, 1990

17 "The development and implications of a personal problem-solving inventory" 29 : 66-75, 1982

18 "The cognitive diathesis-stress theories of depression Toward an adequate evaluation of the theories validities Cognitive processes in depression" Guilford Press 3-30, 1988

19 "Social support, coping, and psychosocial adjustment: A resources model." Plenum 169-186, 1997

20 "Social problem-solving as a moderator of stress-related depressive symptoms:A prospective analysis" 35 : 134-138, 1988

21 "Social problem solving in adults Advances in cognitive-behavioral research and therapy" 201-274, 1982

22 "Social problem solving as moderating variable between negative life stress and depressive symptoms" 489-498, 1986

23 "Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism" 15 : 27-33, 1978

24 "Problem-solving appraisal and psychological adjustment of persons with chronic low back pain" 8 (8): 149-160, 2001

25 "Problem-solving Appraisal and depression: Evidence for a recovery model" 78 (78): 87-91, 2000

26 "Predicting student success from non cognitive variables" new orleans : 1984

27 "Positive and negative perfectionism" 18 (18): 663-668, 1995

28 "Poor interpersonal problem solving as a mechanism of stress generation in depression among adolescent Women Journal of abnormal psychology" 592-600, 1995

29 "Perfectionism in the self and social context and association with psychopathology Journal of Personality & Social Psychology" 456-470, 1991a

30 "Perfectionism in children and their parents: A developmental analysis." American Psychological Association Press. 89-132, 2002

31 "Perfectionism as a predictor subsequent adjustment: Evidence for a specific diathesis-stress mechanism among college student." 47 (47): 129-137, 2000

32 "Paranoia and self consciousness" 62 : 129-138, 1992

33 "MMPI-D척도의 신뢰도와 타당도에 대한 연구" 98-113, 1991

34 "Lifetime prevalence of specific psychiatric disorders in three sites" 948-958, 1984

35 "Life stress, problem solving, perfectionism, and depressive symptom in Chinese" 25 (25): 303-310, 2001

36 "Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology" problem solving and depression symptoms 693-697, 1985

37 "Is perfectionism good, bad, or both? Examining models of the perfectionism construct." 2003

38 "Implication for suicide research" 549-557, 1988

39 "Evidence for an interactive model of depression" 39-52, 1993

40 "Dimensions of perfectism, psychological adjustment, and social skills." 20 : 143-150, 1996

41 "Dimensions of perfectionism and constructive thinking as a coping response Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy" 163-179, 1994

42 "Dimensions of perfectionism A test of the specific vulnerability hypothesis Journal of Abnormal Psychology" and depression 58-65, 1993

43 "Dimensions of Perfectionism in unipolar depression" 100 (100): 98-101, 1991b

44 "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" 1994

45 "Cultural difference, perfectionism, and suicidal risk in college population: Does social problem solving still matter?" 22 : 237-254, 1998

46 "Cognitive models of depression Journal of Cognitive Therapy" 5-37, 1987

47 "Can we be more specific? In W Handbook of Depression in Children and adolescents" Psychosocial stress and child/adolescent depression Plenum Press 509-524, 1994

48 "Attributional style and the generality of learned helplessness Journal of Personality and Social Psychology" 681-687, 1984

49 "Attributional correlates of depression" An interactional model including problem solving 50-56, 1986

50 "Asocial-cognitive approach to motivation and personality" 95 : 256-273, 1988

51 "Asian-American educational achievements:A phenomenon in search of an explanation" 45 : 913-920, 1990

52 "Alternative ways of assessing model fit" 136-162, 1993

53 "Adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism in medical students: A longitudinal investigation." 35 (35): 1034-1042, 2001

54 "A comparison of two measures of perfectionism" 119-126, 1993