전문적 도움 추구 행동에서 접근요인과 회피요인의 상대적 중요성 고찰 = The Relative Importance of Approach Factors and Avoidance Factors in Predicting Professional Help Seeking Behavior

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the relative importance of the avoidance factors (self-disclosure, self-concealment, anticipated risk and utility of self-disclosure) and approach factors (participants' biological sex, psychological distress, and social network orientation) on the perceived likelihood of seeking psychological services and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. The participants were 394 undergraduates students(male=207, female=172) in Pusan. Gender differences in self-disclosure, psychological distress, attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help and intentions to seek counseling found significant. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that avoidance factors predicted the attitudes toward seeking psychological help more than the approach factors did. Specifically anticipated risk, anticipated utility of self-disclosure, participant's biological sex, and social network orientation were the significant predictors for help seeking attitudes. However, the results also suggested that the approach factors(biological sex and psychological distress) and the attitudes toward counseling have more important implication for predicting the intent to seek counseling than the avoidance factors. Implications for counseling and further research are discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 전문적 도움 추구 행동에 영향을 미치는 접근요인(참가자의 성별, 심리적 불편감, 사회적 지지망에 대한 조망)과 회피요인(자기 노출, 자기 은폐, 노출에 따른 위험과 유용성 기대)이 상담에 대한 태도와 의도를 예측함에 있어서 상대적 영향력을 탐색해보고자 하였다. 연구 참가자는 부산 소재 대학의 대학생 394명이었다(남학생=207명, 여학생=172명). 연구 결과 자기 노출, 심리적 불편감, 전문적 도움을 받고자하는 태도와 의도에 있어서 남녀간의 성차가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 위계적 회귀분석 결과 회피요인이 상담에 대한 태도를 예측하는 데 있어 접근요인이상을 설명하는 것으로 나타났고, 노출에 따른 유용성과 위험 기대, 참가자의 성별, 사회적 지지망에 대한 조망이 상담에 대한 태도를 예측하는 데 유의한 변인인 것으로 나타났다. 상담을 받고자 하는 의도를 예측하는 데 있어서는 상담에 대한 태도와 접근요인(참가자의 성별과 심리적 불편감)이 회피요인보다 상대적으로 더 큰 설명변량을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구가 상담에 대해 가지는 함의와 추후 연구를 위한 제언과 연구의 제한점이 제시되었다.

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