조직 내 무례함의 경험이 직무만족에 미치는 영향과 개인성격의 조절효과 = Moderating Effect of Personality on the Relationship between the Experience of Workplace Incivility and Job Satisfaction

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 조직 내 무례함이라는 개념에 대한 정량적인 분석을 함으로써 해당 개념에 대한 이해를 높이기 위해 수행되었다. 보다 자세하게, 본 연구에서는 조직 내 무례함의 경험이 조직구성원의 직무만족에 미치는 영향을 밝혀내고자 하였다. 또한 본 연구에서는 조직 내 무례함의 경험과 직무만족 사이의 관계에 있어서 정서적 민감성, 성실성과 호감성 등의 개인 성격의 조절효과를 분석하였다. 자료 분석을 위한 데이터는 22개의 국내기업을 대상으로 수집하였으며, 가설 검증을 위해 338개의 응답결과를 분석하였다. 신뢰도와 상관관계분석, 확인적 요인분석과 위계적 다층회귀분석을 수행하여 가설을 검증하였다. 분석결과, 조직 내 무례함의 경험은 조직구성원의 직무만족에 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 조절변수인 개인의 성실성(conscientiousness)은 두 변수간의 관계를 조절하는 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 성실할수록, 조직 내 무례함을 경험하더라도 직무만족에 대한 부정적 영향력이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과는 조직효율성 추구차원에서 조직 내 무례함에 대한 인적자원관리 차원의 접근의 필요성을 시사한다. 조직 내 무례함에 대한 위험성을 알리고, 이에 대한 적극적인 대응을 위해 교육과 조직개발을 통한 HRD 차원의 접근의 필요성이 요구되며, 향후 보다 정밀한 조직 내 무례함 연구를 위해 이를 측정하기 위한 해당 지표의 현지화와 추가 연구가 수행될 필요가 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was conducted to find out the effect of workplace incivility on job satisfaction. Also, this study explored the moderating effect of personality traits, neuroticism, conscientiousness and agreeableness. The data was collected from 22 companies in Korea and 338 survey results were used for analysis. Reliability, correlation test, confirmatory factor analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression was conducted to test the hypotheses. As a result, a negative effect of workplace incivility on job satisfaction was found. Also, the moderating effect of personality trait, conscientiousness was found to be significant on the relationship between workplace incivility and job satisfaction. The result implies the importance of managing workplace incivility in terms of organizational efficiency management. Additionally, there is a need to manage workplace incivility through HRD practices such as building respectful organizational culture and developing training programs. For future research, it is suggested to develop localized measurement for workplace incivility and to conduct further research with other organizational related variables.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• 요약
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• Ⅲ. 연구방법
• Ⅳ. 연구결과
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 시사점
• 참고문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김정은, "호텔 종업원의 프로틴 경력 태도가 직무만족과 이직의도에 미치는 영향: 조직지원의 매개효과를 중심으로" 한국인적자원개발전략연구소 7 (7): 67-91, 2012

2 조윤호, "직장 내 폭력행위에 의한 산업재해 현황 및 특성분석" 22 (22): 70-73, 2009

3 조준희, "조직활성화 교육이 구성원의 기본적 욕구, 직무만족 및 조직몰입에 미치는 영향" 한국인적자원개발전략연구소 6 (6): 65-80, 2011

4 변창범, "일부 서비스직종 근로자의 직장 내 폭력과 우울증상" 대한직업환경의학회 21 (21): 314-323, 2009

5 신재원, "사회복지사의 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 변인에 관한 연구" 이화여자대학교 사회복지대학원 2001

6 윤민정, "기업 내에서 비윤리적 행동에 대한 인식과 행동의도" 한국인적자원개발전략연구소 7 (7): 97-120, 2012

7 Vickers, M. H., "Writing what’s relevant : Workplace incivility in public administration-A wolf in sheep’s clothing" 28 (28): 69-88, 2006

8 Johnson, P. R., "Workplace violence : An issue of the nineties" 23 (23): 515-523, 1994

9 Rospenda, K. M., "Workplace harassment, services utilization, and drinking outcomes" 7 (7): 141-155, 2002

10 Glomb, T. M., "Workplace anger and aggression : Informing conceptual models with data from specific encounters" 7 (7): 20-36, 2002

11 Baron, R. A., "Workplace aggression-The iceberg beneath the tip of workplace violence : Evidence on its forms, frequency, and targets" 21 (21): 446-464, 1998

12 Spry, M., "Workplace Harassment : What is it, and what should the law do about it?" 40 (40): 232-246, 1998

13 Vroom, V. H., "Work and Motivation" John Wiley and Sons Inc 1964

14 Jackson, D., "Who would want to be a nurse? Violence in the workplace-a factor recruitment and retention" 10 (10): 13-20, 2002

15 "U. S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safty and Health Administration. Safety and health topics: Workplace violence"

16 Andersson, L. M., "Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace" 24 (24): 452-471, 1999

17 Ghosh, R., "The toxic continuum from incivility to violence : What can HRD do?" 13 (13): 3-9, 2011

18 Mount, M. K., "The joint relationship of conscientiousness and ability with performance : Test of the interaction hypothesis" 25 (25): 707-721, 1999

19 Riketta, M., "The causal relation between job attitudes and performance : A meta-analysis of panel studies" 93 (93): 472-481, 2008

20 Barrick, M. R., "The big five personality dimensions and job performance : A meta-analysis" 44 (44): 1-26, 1991

21 Piedmont, R. L., "The Revised NEO Personality Inventory; Clinical and Research Applications" Plenum Press 1998

22 Costa, P. T. Jr, "The NE0 Personality Inventory Manual" Psychological Assessment Resources 1985

23 Smith, P. C., "The Measurement of Satisfaction in Work and Behavior" Raud McNally 1969

24 Iris, B., "Some relationship between job and life satisfaction and job improvement" 56 (56): 301-304, 1977

25 Barrick, M. R., "Self-monitoring as a moderator of the relationship between personality traits and performance" 58 (58): 745-767, 2005

26 Stewart, L., "Reward structure as a moderator of the relationship between extraversion and sales performance" 81 (81): 617-632, 1996

27 Chen, P. Y., "Relationships of work stressors with aggression, withdrawal, theft and substance use : An exploratory study" 65 (65): 177-184, 1992

28 Judge, T. A., "Relationship of core self-evaluations traits-self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability with job satisfaction and job performance : A meta-analysis" 86 (86): 80-92, 2001

29 Edwards, B. D., "Relationship between facets of job satisfaction and task and contextual performance" 57 (57): 441-465, 2008

30 Spector, P. E., "Relation of job stressors ot affective, health, and performance outcomes : A comparison of multiple data sources" 73 (73): 11-19, 1988

31 LeBlanc, M. M., "Predictors and outcomes of workplace violence and aggression" 87 (87): 444-453, 2002

32 Borgogni, L., "Predicting job satisfaction and job performance in a privatized organization" 13 (13): 275-296, 2010

33 Ashforth, B. E., "Petty tyranny in organizations" 47 (47): 755-778, 1994

34 Allpoer, W., "Personality: A psychological Interpretation" Holt, Reinhart & Winston 1937

35 Organ, D. W., "Personality, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior" 135 (135): 339-350, 1995

36 Digman, J. M., "Personality structure : Emergence of the five-factor model" 41 : 417-440, 1990

37 Briggs, S. R., "Personality psychology: Recent trends and emerging directions" Springer-Verlag 246-260, 1989

38 Lee, K., "Personality correlates of workplace anti-social behavior" 54 (54): 81-98, 2005

39 Barrick, M. R., "Personality and performance at the beginning of the new millennium: What do we know and where do we go next?" 9 (9): 9-30, 2001

40 Furnham, A., "Personality and job satisfaction" 7 (7): 453-459, 1986

41 Hurtz, G. M., "Personality and job performance : The big five revisited" 85 (85): 869-879, 2000

42 Barrick, M. R., "Personality and job performance : Test of the mediating effects of motivation among sales representatives" 87 (87): 43-51, 2002

43 Lim, S., "Personal and workgroup incivility : Impact on work and health outcome" 93 (93): 95-107, 2008

44 Porter. W. L., "Organizational work and personal factors in employee turnover and absenteeism" 80 (80): 151-176, 1973

45 O'Leary-Kelly, A. M., "Organization-motivated aggression : a research frame work" 21 (21): 225-253, 1996

46 McCrae, R. R., "Normal personality assessment in clinical practice : The NEO personality inventory" 4 (4): 5-13, 1992

47 Stuart, P., "Murder on the job" 71 (71): 72-77, 1992

48 Churchill, G. A., "Measuring the Job Satisfaction of Industrial Salesmen" 11 (11): 254-260, 1974

49 Trudel, J., "Managing workplace incivility: The role of conflict management styles-antecedent or antidote?" 22 (22): 395-423, 2011

50 Penney, L. M., "Job stress, incivility, and counterproductive work behavior(CWB) : the moderating role of negative affectivity" 26 (26): 777-796, 2005

51 Bateman, T. S., "Job satisfaction and the good soldier : The relationship between affect and employee citizenship" 26 (26): 587-595, 1983

52 Lim, S., "Interpersonal mistreatment in the workplace : The interface and impact of general incivility and sexual harassment" 90 (90): 483-496, 2005

53 Berry, C. M., "Interpersonal deviance, organizational deviance, and their common correlates : A review and meta analysis" 92 (92): 410-424, 2007

54 Glomb, T. M., "Interpersonal aggression in work groups : Social influence, reciprocal, and individual effects" 46 (46): 486-496, 2003

55 Colbert, A. E., "Interactive effects of personality and perceptions of the work situation on workplace deviance" 89 (89): 599-609, 2004

56 Estes, B., "Integrative Literature Review : Workplace Incivility : Impacts on Individual and Organizational performance" 7 (7): 218-240, 2008

57 Ghosh, R., "Incivility spiral in mentoring relationships : reconceptualizing negative mentoring as deviant workplace behavior" 13 (13): 22-39, 2011

58 Cortina, L. M., "Incivility in the workplace : incidence and impact" 6 (6): 64-80, 2001

59 Callahan, J. L., "Incivility as an instrument of oppression : Exploring the role of power in constructions of civility" 13 (13): 10-21, 2011

60 Hogan, R., "Hogan Personality Inventory" National Computer Systems 1989

61 Locke, E. A., "Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology" Rand McNally 1297-1343, 1976

62 Judge, T. A., "Five-factor model of personality and job satisfaction : A meta-analysis" 87 (87): 530-541, 2002

63 Blau, P. M., "Exchange and Power in Social Life" Wiley 1964

64 Silva, P., "Effects of disposition on hospitality employee job satisfaction and commitment" 18 (18): 317-328, 2006

65 Borzaga, C., "Economics and Social interaction: Accounting for interpersonal relations" Cambridge University Press 132-153, 2005

66 Porath, C. L., "Does rudeness really matter? The effects of rudeness on task performance and helpfulness" 50 (50): 1181-1197, 2007

67 Spector, P. E., "Development of four self-report measures of job stressors and strain : Interpersonal conflict at work scale; organizational constraints scale, Quantitative workload inventory and physical symptoms inventory" 3 (3): 356-367, 1998

68 Martin, R. J., "Development and validation of the uncivil workplace behavior questionnaire" 10 (10): 477-490, 2005

69 Hofstede, G., "Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations" Sage 2001

70 Gedro, J., "Creating civil and respectful organizations through the scholar-practitioner bridge" 15 (15): 284-295, 2013

71 Bentler, P. M., "Comparative fit indices in structural models" 107 (107): 238-246, 1990

72 Silverstein, R., "Chronic identity diffusion in traumatized combat veterans" 22 (22): 69-79, 1994

73 Pearson, C. M., "Assessing and attacking workplace incivility" 29 (29): 123-137, 2000

74 Cherrington, D. J., "Appropriate Reinforcement Contingencies in the Budgeting Process. Empirical Research in Accounting : Selected Studies" 12 (12): 225-253, 1973

75 Giacalone, R. A., "Antisocial behavior in organizations" Sage Publications, Inc 1997

76 Reio, T. G., "Antecedents and outcomes of workplace incivility : Implications for human resource development research and practice" 20 (20): 237-264, 2009

77 Diefendorff, J. M., "Antecedents and consequences of emotional display rule perceptions" 88 (88): 284-, 2003

78 Diefendorff, J. M., "Antecedent and consequences of emotional display rule perceptions" 88 (88): 284-294, 2003

79 Brayfield, A. H., "An index of job satisfaction" 35 (35): 307-, 1951

80 Spector, P. E., "An emotion-centered model of voluntary workbehavior : Some parallels between counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior" 12 (12): 269-292, 2002

81 Liefooghe, A. P., "Accounts of workplace bullying : The role of the organization" 10 (10): 375-392, 2001

82 Bae, B. R., "AMOS 17. 0 Structural equation modeling" Chungram 2009

83 조영란, "5요인 성격특성과 대인관계성향 및 학교적응과의 관계" 숙명여자대학교 교육대학원 2006