조선 의서 수재 약성가 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A Study on the Nature of medicinals in Rhymes of Medical books in Chosun dynasty

Abstract

The following paper deals with the development Chosun(朝鮮) herbal medicine, referring on the nature of medicinals in Rhymes(藥性歌) of medical books in Chosun dynasty. Sakae Miki(三木榮) pointed out the scientific research of herbal medicine based on the nature of medicinals in Rhymes(藥性歌本草學) is the distinctive characteristics of late-Chosun. In addition, he interpreted late-Chosun medicine as incapable of accomplishing its independence as a individual science, following the same steps of the weakening national power, and will only rely and assist medicine with simple and convenient herbal medicine.
This paper is an attempt to overcome the earlier study of Sakae Miki and establish a new tradition of Chosun herbal medicine by diachronic study to analyze the origin of the nature of medicinals in Rhymes and various nature of medicinals in Rhymes which is included in Chinese and Korean medical books.

The nature of medicinals in Rhymes is a literary style which uses four or six words, rhythm, antithesis, etc. It is similar to one of the old literary styles, Byun-moon(變文) or Byoungreyo-moon(騈驢文). The nature of medicinals in Rhymes, it was taken by doctors and ordinary people in Chosun dynasty, because it was so simple and convenient to use practically, in addition Byoungreyo-moon was used almost official document style in Chosun dynasty.
The nature of medicinals in Rhymes within Chosun medical books was originally adopted from books like Recovery from All Ailments(󰡔萬病回春󰡕), Longevity and Life Preservation(󰡔壽世保元󰡕), Synopsis of Materia Medica(󰡔本草徵要󰡕), Trap for beginner of Materia Medica(󰡔本草蒙筌󰡕), Introduction of Medicine(󰡔醫學入門󰡕) and as more detailed research can be seen on the latter three books, it is difficult to see it as an independent, unique development of Korean peninsula.
The Korean medical book New Edition on Universal Relife(󰡔濟衆新編󰡕), published by Chosun government, recorded the nature of medicinals in Rhymes Recovery from All Ailments mostly untouched. It can be evaluated the early model of Chosun's nature of medicinals in Rhymes.
But the difference of Korean herbal medicine is reflected in several aspects. New Edition on Universal Relife, Gains and Losses of Medical Orthodoxy(󰡔醫宗損益󰡕) added new rhymes using familiar herbs and vegetables got easily, most new rhymes founded medicinal part of Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine (󰡔東醫寶鑑󰡕｢湯液編｣). Another books like Gains and Losses of Medical Orthodoxy, Compilation of Formulas and Medicinals(󰡔方藥合編󰡕), Double Grinded Medical Mirror(󰡔醫鑑重磨󰡕), through inscribing '唐/鄕' or depressed engraving/embossed carving, clearly divides imported and domestic herbs in the part of the nature of medicinals in Rhymes. And the additional notes on Rhymes are reflected in accumulation, notification and accession of the research using the materia medica from countryside(鄕藥). All of them follow the materia medica from countryside tradition from the Goryeo(高麗) period.
Moreover, the nature of medicinals in Rhymes in Korean medical books distinguish from Chinese medicine by reflecting individual medical practitioners opinions. For example, the nature of medicinals in Rhymes of Lee Je-ma's posthumous works(󰡔東武遺稿󰡕) that connotes the character of Sasang Constitution medicine(四象醫學), the nature of medicinals in Rhymes of Double Grinded Medical Mirror that reflects Lee Gyoo-joon's encouraging Yang theory(扶陽論) and contains new view on individual herb's nature, taste and efficacy.

The nature of medicinals in Rhymes is an approach to simplify and improve access on herbal medicine, and is quoted in various forms throughout medical books of Chosun. The entitling it as 'scientific research of herbal medicine based on the nature of medicinals in Rhymes' can clearly be seen as description about superficial result, to persist the decadence of Chosun medicine. Although the form of the nature of medicinals in Rhymes came from Chinese literary style or medical books, we can consider the nature of medicinals in Rhymes within Chosun medical books as a succession of materia medica from countryside tradition that contains the individual authors opinion on medical herbs.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 緖 論 1
• Ⅱ. 本 論 4
• 1. 藥性歌의 유래 및 특징 4
• 2. 한국 본초학 발전에 영향을 끼친 중국 의서 중의 藥性歌 6
• 1) 藥性賦와 珍珠囊 6
• 2) 廷賢의 雲林歌括 9
• 3) 李의 醫學入門 13
• 4) 陳嘉謨의 本草蒙筌과 李中梓의 本草徵要 15
• 3. 한국 의서 수재 藥性歌의 기원 18
• 1) 舟村新方과 醫門寶鑑의 藥性歌 18
• (1) 舟村新方의 편찬과 藥性歌 18
• (2) 醫門寶鑑의 편찬과 藥性歌 20
• 2) 濟衆新編과 醫方撮要의 藥性歌 21
• (1) 濟衆新編의 편찬과 藥性歌 21
• (2) 濟衆新編 藥性歌의 萬病回春, 壽世保元 인용 23
• (3) 濟衆新編 藥性歌와 萬病回春, 壽世保元 藥性歌의 차이 25
• (4) 濟衆新編 新增 藥性歌 27
• (5) 醫方撮要의 편찬과 藥性歌 29
• 4. 한국 의서 수재 藥性歌의 독창성 31
• 1) 醫宗損益과 方藥合編의 藥性歌 31
• (1) 醫宗損益附餘의 편찬과 藥性歌 31
• (2) 本草綱目이 醫宗損益附餘 藥性歌에 미친 영향 32
• (3) 醫宗損益附餘와 雲林歌括, 濟衆新編 藥性歌 기술 방식의 차이 35
• (4) 醫宗損益附餘의 新增 藥性歌와 새로운 本草 지식 추가 37
• (5) 方藥合編의 편찬과 藥性歌 39
• 2) 保健省 東武遺稿와 藥性歌 40
• (1) 東武遺稿의 편찬과 藥性歌 40
• (2) 保健省 東武遺稿東武先師 四象藥性 嘗驗古歌 42
• (3) 東武 李濟馬의 藥性 설명, 先師藥性說歌 49
• (4) 四象人별 本草 분류의 확장, 음식 분류 52
• 3) 醫方新鑑의 本草藥性 기술 54
• (1) 醫方新鑑의 편찬 54
• (2) 醫方新鑑本草藥性의 특징 55
• 4) 醫鑑重磨의 藥性歌 57
• (1) 醫鑑重磨의 편찬과 藥性歌 57
• (2) 醫鑑重磨의 藥性歌의 특징 58
• (3) 새로운 藥性歌의 추가와 작성 방식 66
• (4) 本草經校正(필사본)과 醫鑑重磨 藥性歌의 관계 69
• Ⅲ. 考 察 71
• Ⅳ. 結 論 74
• 參考文獻 78
• Abstract 82