In order to understand leadership of young children in various aspect, 1) this study examined how leadership of young children differed depending on social-demographic variables, 2) inquired how individual variables of young children such as young chi...
In order to understand leadership of young children in various aspect, 1) this study examined how leadership of young children differed depending on social-demographic variables, 2) inquired how individual variables of young children such as young children's temperament and peer interaction and environmental variables of young children such as mother's verbal control modes and home environment were related to leadership of young children, and investigated how much each variable influenced on leadership of young children.
Subjects were five years old of 467 young children in early childhood institutions, which were located in Seoul and Gyeonggi. To estimate leadership of young children, this study used assessment instrument of young children's leadership(Bok-Hee Kim, 2006) which modified diagnostic instrument of leadership for elementary students( Korean Educational Development Institute, 2003). For assessment of young children's temperament, this study used the instrument that Hei- Lan Hong(2008) selected and used among 'Korean version of 3-6 years old young children's temperament and personality test', which was based on Preschool TCI(Temperament and Character Inventory). For assessment of young children's peer interaction, this study used the scale that Hei-Young Choi (2004) which modified PIPPS(Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale). For assessment of mother's verbal control modes, this study used the scale that Hei-Suk Do(1997) made, and for assessment of home environment's variables, this study used HOME for preschool children(Eun-Hai Lee and Yeong-Ae Jang, 1982).
Collected data was analyzed by SPSS 12.0 Program. Factor analysis was performed in the scale of young children's leadership and HOME among test instruments which planed to use in this study. To figure out general features of research subjects, frequency, percentage, average and standard deviation were used. For validity test of research instruments, Cronbach α coefficient was calculated. In each research issues, t-test, F-test, Scheffe's post-hoc test, Pearson's product-moment correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis were performed.
The results are as follows.
First, according to the result of looking about the difference of young children's leadership depending on social-demographic variables of young children, girls had higher leadership than boys. And, more monthly household income of a home was, higher leadership of young children was.
Second, the result of examining the relationship between temperament of young children and leadership of them showed that young children, who had low impulsive sensation seeking, did not avoid the danger and had high sensibility, patience, leadership.
Third, according to the result of inquiring how peer interaction was related to leadership of young children, lower negative peer interaction was and more positive peer interaction had, higher leadership of young children was.
Fourth, the result of examining how mother's verbal control modes were related to leadership of young children showed; lower order-oriented verbal control mother used and more frequent human nature-oriented verbal control mother used, higher leadership of young children was.
Fifth, according to the result of looking about how home environment of young children was related to leadership of young children, young children in home environment, which cultivated independence, created positive and emotional atmosphere and prepared various paly materials, had high leadership.
Sixth, the result of inquiring relative influence on leadership of young children showed that individual variables of young children such as temperament and peer interaction had higher influence on leadership of young children than environmental variables such as home environment and mother's verbal control modes.