예이츠의 대화시 연구 : 진리 추구를 위한 변증법적 접근

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

William Butler Yeats is one of the most distinctive modern poets of the twentieth century. He struggled for the Unity of Being his whole life. He tried to overcome the conflict between the opposite natures of the world in his pursuit of the Truth, the Unity of Being. As a means of seeking harmony in this quest, he used several methods such as symbols, images, myths, prose, and also dialectic dialogues in his poems.
Yeats was concerned with the concept of a dualistic vision of the world. He tried to establish a unity in all beings and phenomena in the world. He thought the world was made up of the opposing and conflicting elements of his thoughts and his works. He was under the influence of Blakes Dualism and found a parallel between his own life and Blakes.
Under these conditions, he tried to overcome the existential agony of the conflicts and contradictions dialectically, using dialogue. We can see the developmental process he used to search for the dialectic unity from the dialogue in poems concerning the periodical changes.
In his early dialogue poems, the conflicting poetic image appeared as the conflict between the ideal and the real world like most of his earlier poems. He drew the ideal world as Utopia in order to reach by showing poetic characters from Irish mythologies, legends, or folklores. But this legendary, mythic world was intended as an escape from the real world.
So the dialogue among speakers could be cut off from each other, and weighted on the speakers saying symbolizing the ideal world. Therefore it can be defined as the first state of dialectic, the thesis which Yeats wanted to present.
In his middle dialogue poems, he realized that denying the real world could not lead him to the truth, so he admitted to the co- existence of the real and the ideal world together in a contradictory world. And he expressed his self- consciousness on this question toward the outside with the self and the anti- self each represent the real and ideal world. The self was suggested to symbolize the real, bodily, and mortal world, and the anti- self to show the ideal, soul, and eternal world. However, their dialogues appeared side by side with the arrangement or on a parallel, unlike his early dialogue poems. Also the self and the anti- self could be said to be mutual with equal or similar gravity on both sides to show the dualistic conflict and contradiction in the world. This is the second state of the dialectic, the antithesis.
Finally, in the later poems, after going through this conflicting process, Yeats suggested another way to overcome his existential quest. He felt that accepting the real world wholeheartedly can lead you closer to the truth than any of the other ways as discus sed regarding his early and middle dialogue poems. He then focused on the voice of the self which presented that man should admit the mortal and bodily world more in order to get to the truth not just through the realization of the co- existence of the mortal and eternal world. And in his later dialogue poems, it appeared as the conflict and contradiction of the body and the soul, and the speaker who represented the mortal world had been the emphasis. The dialogue amongst the speakers can progress to an even higher state, not just by denying each other but by accepting each other.
This progress can be the state of dialectic unity, the synthesis.
The absolute truth which Yeats tried to pursue endlessly appeared in his dialectical poems, or dialogues which represented that his quest could be considered the universal problem of all people. He also demonstrated his lifelong effort as a poet who consistently tried to overcome the conflicts, contradictions, and limits of real life in his dialogue poems. Thus we can see his consistent effort and an evolutionary process easily or clearly from the progres sion of his dialogue poems.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• Ⅱ. 초기 대화시: 현실 도피를 통한 진리 모색 = 12
• Ⅲ. 중기 대화시: 자아와 반자아의 갈등과 투쟁 = 27
• Ⅳ. 후기 대화시: 적극적 현실 수용 = 45
• Ⅴ. 결론 = 67
• 인용문헌 = 71
• 영문초록 = 73