정신질환 소년원생의 현황 및 처우방안 = A Study on the Mental Health Care in Juvenile Reformatory

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In recent years, the percentage of juveniles with mental disorders in juvenile reformatories have been increasing to the extent that one forth of protected juveniles are found to have mental disorders or developmental disabilities. The increase in the number of protected juveniles with mental problems has raised concern that mental disorders can be a cause of accidents in reformatories, including violence among juveniles and self-injury. Also, considering that a major purpose of the juvenile reformatory is to protect and rehabilitate juvenile offenders, it is crucial to provide effective treatment to protected juveniles with mental disorders. Against this backdrop, this study aims to make suggestions to improve the treatment of protected juveniles with mental disorders by examining the current state of the juvenile reformatory in terms of the provision of medical care and rehabilitation. For this purpose, the study conducted a survey of staffs who work at the Juvenile Classification Review Board and juvenile reformatories. Also, this study conducted interviews of teaching staff and medical staff of juvenile reformatories concerning possible improvement measures for the effective treatment of mentally disordered juveniles under detention. The survey and interviews were designed to identify major problems and to obtain opinions of reformatory staff regarding the treatment of juveniles with mental disorders. Especially, the questions delved into the issues of how to make dispositions for medical care and by what standards; of how to improve the medical care of mentally disordered juveniles in general reformatories; and of how to operate a facility for medical protection of juveniles. The results of the staff survey show wide consensus among teaching and medical staff that there is an urgent need of increasing medical and rehabilitative care for protected juveniles with mental disorders or developmental disabilities. Also, in order to improve the effectiveness of medical care, it was pointed out that reliable standards for classifying juveniles should be established to provide individualized medical care. In addition, a large number of respondents and interviewees pointed out that one of the most pressing issues was the shortage of medical staff, especially full-time psychiatrists and clinical counselors at reformatories. The establishment of a new juvenile medical care and protection institution is suggested as a possible solution to the issues mentioned above. In addition, this study concludes with a set of suggestions on how to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of mentally disordered juveniles. First, the results of the survey and interviews show that the improvement of the physical environment at the reformatories can contribute to mitigating the issues of mental disorders. Second, it was repeatedly pointed out that there was an urgent need to increase the personnel in charge of rehabilitation and medical care, especially psychiatrists and clinical counselors. Third, in addition to the establishment of a specialized facility for medical protection of juveniles, it needs to facilitate the provision of clinical service for juveniles who stay at the general reformatories. Forth, one of the ways of providing clinical service to protected juveniles is to make use of resources in the community by strengthening cooperation with diverse clinical experts. Lastly, it should be noted that treatment within the reformatory needs to be connected to treatment in the community so that juveniles with mental disorders can be effectively supported in the process of returning to the society.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

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