RMSPE를 이용한 누진가입도렌즈의 광학적 특성 분석 = Analysis of the Optical Characteristics Using RMSPE in Progressive Additional Lens

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: To analyze the optical characteristics of the progressive additional lens(PAL) using the value of RMSPE(Root Mean Square Power Error) calculated from refractive power error of distance, intermediate and near portions of PAL.
Methods: 17 different progressive additional lens, being prescribed in the clinic, were selected (distance portion refractive power was 0.00D, additional power were 1.50D, 2.00D and 2.50D, respectively). The front surface refractive power was measured by the Free Form Verifier(FFV, Rotlex, Israel) at 6953 points (0.5mm measurement grid) of PAL. Each data was converted from sphere and cylinder error into RMSPE that represent deviations (or errors) from the power of the desired distance, intermediate and near portions, and visualized by color topographic maps in 0.25D steps at physical position of distance, intermediate and near portions. Clear zone defined by 0.25D of RMSPE at distance portion, and 0.50D at intermediate and near portions.
Results: There were no significant differences according to 3 different additions in the clear zone width at distance portion which 9.53±5.25mm in 1.50D, 9.56±3.86mm and 9.65±4.73mm in 2.00D and 2.50D each. The clear zone width at intermediate portion were reduced as the addition is increased which 15.66±10.35mm in 1.50D, 7.79±4.15mm and 6.56±3.89mm in 2.00D and 2.50D each. The clear zone width at near portion were reduced more as the addition is increased which 20.63±4.86mm in 1.50D, 16.00±2.30mm and 10.58±6.35mm in 2.00D and 2.50D, respectively. In addition, it could be compared easily changes in the width of the clear defined area and peripheral astigmatism according to change of the addition in the same design from color topographic maps applying the RMSPE value.
Conclusions: This study proposed a method to analyze the changes in the optical properties according to the change of the addition in same design and various optical properties of the progressive addition lens. And it was considered that this method provided the basic data which may be prescribed the appropriate design fits specific needs and working conditions of wearer by a variety of applications with relatively simple design and easy analysis for the clinician.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

목 적: 평균 제곱근 굴절력오차(RMSPE) 값을 적용하여 누진가입도렌즈(PALs)의 원용부, 중간거리부 및 근용부의 굴절력오차를 측정하여 광학적 특성을 분석하고자 하였다.
방 법: 현재 임상에서 처방되고 있는 17종(51개)의 누진가입도렌즈(원용부 굴절력은 0.00D, 가입도 1.50D, 2.00D 및 2.50D)를 무작위로 선정하였다. Free Form Verifier(FFV, Rotlex, Israel)를 이용하여 누진가입도렌즈의 각 부위(0.5mm 간격의 6953개 지점)에서 전면굴절력을 측정하였다. 원용부와 중간거리부 및 근용부의 각 지점에서 측정된 구면굴절력과 원주굴절력을, 각 지점에서 요구되는 굴절력과 편차를 나타내는 RMSPE로 환산하였고, 0.25D 단계의 색 지형도로 표현하였다.
결 과: 17가지 누진가입도렌즈의 3가지 가입도에 대한 원용부 명시범위는 가입도 1.50D에서 9.53±5.25mm, 2.00D에서 9.56±3.86mm 및 2.50D에서 9.65±4.73mm였고 가입도에 따라 유의한 차이가 없었다(F=0.003, p=0.997). 중간거리부 명시범위는 가입도 1.50D에서 14.74±10.72mm, 2.00D에서 9.09±5.28mm 및 2.50D에서 6.79±3.89mm로, 가입도가 증가할수록 감소하였다(F=5.394, p=0.008). 근용부 명시범위는 가입도 1.50D에서 20.85±4.80mm, 2.00D에서 14.82±4.42mm 및 2.50D에서 11.65±5.98mm로, 가입도가 증가할수록 크게 감소하였다(F=14.260, p=0.000). 또한 RMSPE 값을 적용한 색 지형도로부터 동일한 디자인에서 가입도 변화에 따른 명시범위의 폭과 주변부 비점수차의 변화도를 쉽게 비교할 수 있었다.
결 론: 누진가입도렌즈의 다양한 디자인과 동일한 디자인에서 가입도의 변화에 따른 굴절력오차의 변화를 분석할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 임상에서 다양한 용도와 디자인을 비교적 간단하고 쉽게 분석하여 사용자의 작업조건이나 특정요구에 적합한 디자인을 처방할 수 있는 기초적인 자료를 제공한 것으로 생각된다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김학준, "Visual Display Unit 사용을 위한 중근용 누진 가입도 렌즈의 성능평가" 대한시과학회 9 (9): 53-64, 2007

2 "Visionix: VM/VL User guide" Israel 1-77, 2003

3 Jeon IC, "Understanding of progressive addition lenses" Doseochulpan Optometry 7-16, 2012

4 Jin YG:, "The analysis of optical characteristics of progressive addition lenses" Eulji University 2008

5 Gresset J, "Subjective evaluation of a new multi-design progressive lens" 62 (62): 691-698, 1991

6 Grosvenor T, "Primary care optometry" Elsevier Health Sciences 383-387, 2007

7 Simonet P, "Peripheral power variations in progressive addition lenses" 63 (63): 873-880, 1986

8 Sheedy JE, "Optics of progressive addition lenses" 64 (64): 90-99, 1987

9 Seong PJ, "Ophthalmic Dispensing" Daehakseolim 271-308, 2006

10 Minkwitz G, "On the surface astigmatism of a fixed symmetrical aspheric surface" 10 : 223-227, 1963

11 Rotlex Co, "FFV User manual" Israel 15-24, 2009

12 Sheedy JE, "Correlation analysis of the optics of progressive addition lenses" 81 (81): 350-361, 2004

13 Andre BJ, "Characterization of the optical properties of progressive addition lenses (PALs) using root mean square of the power error (RMSPE)" Pacific University 2010

14 Selenow A, "Assessing visual performance with progressive addition lenses" 79 (79): 502-505, 2002