도시숲의 산림 층위에 따른 지상부 바이오매스 및 제어인자 = Aboveground biomass and the drivers depending on the strata of urban forests

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 서울특별시 관악구와 금천구에 걸쳐 있는 관악산을 비롯한 도시자연공원의 산림 층위별 지상부 바이오매스 (이하; ‘바이오매스’)에 대한 생물적비생물적 인자들의 효과와 제어 메커니즘을 설명하기 위해 수행되었다. 생물적 인자로는 생물다양성 인자인 종다양성, 계통학적 다양성, 기능적 다양성, 수목 형질의 군집가중치 평균값을 선택했으며, 비생물적 인자로는 환경인자인 기후와 지형인자를 사용했다. 산림 층위별 가장 중요한 바이오매스 제어인자를 추출하기 위해, 다모형 추론법 (multi-model inference test)의 모델 평균화 접근법 (model-averaging approach)을 수행했다. 그 결과, 상층에서는 종풍부도와 계통학적 군집지수, 기능적 발산지수가 유의하게 영향을 미쳤고, 하층에서는 종풍부도와 최대 수고의 군집가중치 값이 유의한 제어인자로 선택되었다. 또한, 상층에서는 지형인자가 상층의 바이오매스를 제어했으나, 하층에서는 비생물적 인자의 유의한 효과를 발견하지 못했다. 상층의 바이오매스는 계통학적﹒ 기능적으로 유사하지만, 분류학적으로 다양한 종들에 의한 효과, 즉 상보적 니체 효과에 의해 증가했으며, 하층에서는 상층 분류군들의 치수 형성에 따른 연속적인 효과와 특정 분류군의 우점 기능형질로 인해 바이오매스가 제어되는 메커니즘을 나타냈다. 본 연구는 천연림에 비해 도시숲이 가지는 단순한 종 조성과 구조로 인하여 산림 층위별 바이오매스를 제어하는 고유한 메커니즘을 구명한다.

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