산문자료 학습에서 인출 연습과 문제 유형이 파지에 미치는 효과 = The Effect of Retrieval Practice and Question Types on Prose Passage Learning

국문 초록 (Abstract)

학습자들이 이전에 학습한 자료에 대하여 인출 연습(시험)을 해 보는 것은 학습 파지를 증진시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 인출 연습 실험을 위해 한국어 산문자료를 개발하였으며, 중학생을 대상으로 하여 인출 연습 및 추가 인출 연습, 문제 유형이 학습 파지에 미치는 효과에 대하여 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 학습 파지를 위해서는 인출 및 추가 인출 연습을 해 보는 것이 매우 효과적이며, 단답형 문항이 선택형 문항보다 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 학습자들의 자기 보고 형식의 추정 응답률에서 선택형 문항에서는 학습자들이 학습 내용을 정확히 파지했다고 보기 어려운 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 인출 연습과 문제 유형은 매우 상관관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 교실 수업에서 학습 후 인출 연습의 중요성과, 단답형 문항의 비율을 높임으로써 학습 파지를 증진시킬 수 있으며, 형성평가 등을 적극 활용한 교수․학습을 설계할 것을 제안한다.

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