Dynamics of droplet breakup in unilateral Y-junctions with different angles

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Dynamic behaviors of droplets in asymmetric unilateral Y-junctions are experimentally studied. Threebreakup regimes are categorized, namely no breakup, breakup with gaps and breakup with obstruction,and regime diagrams are constructed by the capillary number and the normalized droplet length.
Influences of the bifurcation angle and the viscosity ratio on the two critical conditions between neighboringregimes are revealed. In particular, necking processes in the obstructed breakup regime are discussedand they are divided into three stages according to the evolution of the thinning rate. At thetwo previous stages driven by the two-phase flow, the necking processes show distinct characteristicsunder the influences of four different parameters, including capillary number, droplet length, viscosityratio, and bifurcation angle, and the corresponding reasons are provided in detail. By contrast, the finalpinch-off stage is driven by two different mechanisms depending merely on the physical properties ofliquid systems. The neck collapsing of the low-viscosity droplet is driven by the potential flow while thatof the high-viscosity droplet is driven by the two-fluid Stokes flow. Quantitative relations between theminimum neck width and the remaining time are built in the two situations and are found to coincidewith the theoretical predictions, respectively.

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