Acceleration of microalgal biofilm formation on PET by surface engineering

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Biofilm-based microalgal cultivation has recently received great attention owing to its low harvesting cost, but the main problem in practicing it is the low rate of attachment on solid carriers. The aim of this research is to introduce novel physical and wet chemical surface engineering methods to provide more favorable polymeric surfaces for microalgal adhesion. PET threads were used as a substrate in the treatments. The surface of the threads was treated with chromic acid, sodium hydroxide and sandpaper. The chemical composition, surface morphology, topography and contact angle of the threads were characterized. The threads were placed in a biofilm-based cylindrical photobioreactor as a bed for attachment. Two freshwater single-cell microalgae, Scenedesmus dimorphus and Chlorella vulgaris, were cultivated in the photobioreactor to assess the attachment rate of the threads. The analysis of SEM and AFM images confirmed the creation of new grooves. The AFM image analysis showed 323%, 184% and 11.5% increase in the surface roughness, while there were 73%, 51%, and 30% rates of reduction in the contact angles for the treatments with acid, sandpaper and base, respectively. Creation of new grooves, increase of the surface roughness and decrease of the contact angle led to an increase in the microalgae attachment rate. The best results were achieved with acid treatment.
It led to a remarkable increase in the attachment rate of S. dimorphus. However, the attachment of C. vulgaris cells was not efficient. This research is the first to apply a surface engineering method to increase the microalgal attachment rate in biofilm-based systems. The insight that is provided can be of benefit for further studies in this field.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 T. E. Irving, 92 : 283-, 2011

2 C. Gudin, 6 : 73-, 1986

3 J. Cao, 131 : 064505-, 2009

4 N. Boelee, 45 : 5925-, 2011

5 Y. Cui, 6 : 44-, 2013

6 A. Ozkan, 114 : 542-, 2012

7 Q. Wei, 2 : 446-, 2008

8 Y. Shen, 37 : 441-, 2014

9 J. F. Schumacher, 23 : 55-, 2007

10 M. B. Johnson, 85 : 525-, 2010

11 M. Gross, 9 : 38-, 2016

12 D. S. Bag, 71 : 1041-, 1999

13 J. M. Goddard, 32 : 698-, 2007

14 K. Holmberg, 15 : 309-, 1985

15 L. Penn, 5 : 809-, 1994

16 E. Sheng, 9 : 47-, 1995

17 S. Tho, 59 : 5-, 2012

18 Q. Huang, 3 : 318-, 2017

19 L. Katarzyna, 42 : 1418-, 2015

20 S. Chatterjee, 63 : 269-, 2014

21 A. Pathan, 12 : 32-, 2010

22 T. Norton, 16 : 199-, 1998

23 T. Tolker-Nielsen, 182 : 6482-, 2000

24 N. Cordeiro, 87 : 2367-, 2012

25 R. M. Donlan, 8 : 881-, 2002

26 M. Drobota, 77 : 131-, 2015

27 P. Slepička, 7 : 535-, 2013

28 H. Zhang, 181 : 801-, 2010

29 H. Wang, 287 : 541-, 2009

30 Z. Fang, 41 : 1627-, 2013

31 I. Donelli, 95 : 1542-, 2010

32 Y. Liu, 46 : 117-, 2005

33 W. Hao, 10 : 125-, 2017

34 M. Raposo, 1 : 758-, 2007

35 M. Taufik, 30 : 161-, 2017

36 Y. Cui, 112 : 485-, 2013

37 H. K. Webb, 24 : 39-, 2009

38 P. Blais, 47 : 636-, 1974

39 L. K. Ista, 70 : 4151-, 2004

40 M. E. Callow, 34 : 333-, 1994

41 R. L. Fletcher, 27 : 303-, 1992

42 A. Ozkan, 169 : 2011

43 D. Manheim, 32 : 946-, 2013

44 P. Bhattacharya, 114 : 16556-, 2010

45 F. R. Trainor, 1 : 15-, 1965

46 N. A. Eckardt, 22 : 2924-, 2010

47 L. D. Renner, 36 : 347-, 2011

48 A. Ozkan, 112 : 287-, 2013

49 L. Moreno, 6 : 17-, 2015

50 J. -H. Wang, 92 : 331-, 2018

51 A. Lizzul, 151 : 12-, 2014

52 J. B. Vander Wiel, 7 : 4402-, 2017

53 F. Akgül, 17 : 609-, 2017

54 S. Mayeli, 38 : 515-, 2005

55 K. J. Edwards, 180 : 19-, 2001

56 X. Chen, 13 : 142-, 2014

57 M. Sirmerova, 25 : 1687-, 2013

58 M. Lurling, "The smell of water: grazer-induced colony formation in Scenedesmus" Wageningen Agricultural University 1999

59 ASTM, "Standard practice for preparation of surfaces of plastics prior to adhesive bonding"

60 B. Bhushan, "Modern tribology handbook, two volume set" CRC press 74-, 2000

61 J. Kotai, "Instructions for preparation of modified nutrient solution z8"

62 T. Bhaiji, "Enhancing microalgae attachment for biofilm-based photobioreactors" Cranfield University 2016

63 M. Babu, "Effect of algal biofilm and operational conditions on nitrogen removal in waste stabilization ponds" CRC Press 2011

64 R. Oliveira, "Biofilms in wastewater treatment: An interdisciplinary approach" International Water Association 2003

65 Soroosh Danaee, "Assessment of phosphorescent paint effects on microalgae cultivation" 한국화학공학회 35 (35): 1144-1150, 2018

66 R. Sekar, "Asian pacific phycology in the 21st century: Prospects and challenges" Springer 109-, 2004