터널 굴착으로 인한 터널인접 절리암반 투수계수 감소를 고려한 터널 내 지하수 유입량 산정방법 = Groundwater inflow rate estimation considering excavation-induced permeability reduction in the vicinity of a tunnel

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 절리 암반 내 터널굴착 시 지하수 유출량 예측량이 실제 계측치와 큰 차이가 나는 이유 중 하나인 터널주변 절리암반의 투수계수의 감소 현상에 대해 논의하였다. 현재 터널 설계 시 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 지하수 유출량 산정식은 터널주변 암반이 등방, 균질하고 일정한 투수계수를 유지한다고 가정한다. 하지만, 실제로는 터널주변 절리암반의 투수계수는 터널주변 유효응력 상태에 따라 변화하며, 절리 내 지하수 흐름에 따라 다시 터널주변 유효응력 분포가 영향을 받는 수리-역학적 상호거동을 보인다. 터널굴착 직후 터널 접선방향 유효응력이 응력집중과 간극수압 감소로 인해 급증하고 그에 따라 절리의 닫힘현상이 발생하며, 결과적으로 터널인접 절리암반 링 구간에서 투수계수가 급격히 감소하게 된다. 이러한 터널인접 링 구간 내에서 상당히 큰 간극수압 감소가 발생하게 되어 터널주변 간극수압 분포는 등방 균질의 절리암반으로 가정한 산정식과 큰 차이를 보인다. 본 연구에서는 절리암반의 수리-역학적 상호거동의 개념을 도입하여 터널주변 간극수압 분포와 터널 내 지하수 유입량 산정방법을 제안하고 이를 수치해석을 통해 검증하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper discussed about the effect of permeability reduction of the jointed rock mass in the vicinity of a tunnel which is one of the reasons making large difference between the estimated ground-water inflow rate and the measured value. Current practice assumes that the jointed rock mass around a tunnel is a homogeneous, isotropic porous medium with constant permeability. However, in actual condition the permeability of a jointed rock mass varies with the change of effective stress condition around a tunnel, and in turn effective stress condition is affected by the ground water flow in the jointed rock mass around the tunnel. In short time after tunnel excavation, large increase of effective tangential stress around a tunnel due to stress concentration and pore-water pressure drop, and consequently large joint closure followed by significant permeability reduction of jointed rock mass in the vicinity of a tunnel takes place. A significant pore-water pressure drop takes place across this ring zone in the vicinity of a tunnel, and the actual pore-water pressure distribution around a tunnel shows large difference from the value estimated by an analytical solution assuming the jointed rock mass around the tunnel as a homogeneous, isotropic medium. This paper presents the analytical solution estimating pore-water pressure distribution and ground-water inflow rate into a tunnel based on the concept of hydro-mechanically coupled behavior of a jointed rock mass and the solution is verified by numerical analysis.

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