The influence of the nature and functionalization of the nanoparticuled fillers on the performances of the dental nanocomposite

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The current work focuses on the modification of dental nanocomposites using nanosized fillers. To determine the impact on thewear resistance, flexural strength, compressive strength, and hardness qualities of the dental nanocomposites, three types ofnanoparticles—silica (SiO2), zircon (ZrO2), and hydroxyapatite (H.A.: Ca5(PO4)3OH)—are combined with a standard matrixof dental resin. This study’s objective is to create dental nanocomposites using the nanoparticles above as fillers in Bis-GMAwith unsaturated monomers, urethanedimethacrylate (UDMA), methylmethacrylate (MMA), methacrylic acid (MAA), andbisphenol A dimethacrylate in the presence of 1,6-hexanediol methacrylate (HDODA) as a crosslinking agent. To start thecopolymerization of matrix resins, camphor quinone (C.Q.) of 0.5 wt.% and 2-(dimethyl amino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA)of 0.5 wt.% are utilized as photoinitiation systems. These nanocomposites have the potential for posterior restorativeapplications. Treatment of the Nano (SiO2, ZrO2, Hydroxyapitate (HA)) particles was carried out with a silane coupling agent,3-(methacryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS), to improve bonding between the Nano particles and resin matrix,and reduce agglomeration of the Nano SiO2,ZrO2, Hydroxyapitate (HA)). Characterization of products was carried out usingscanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM images showed the adhesionbetween the resin matrix and the Nano (SiO2, ZrO2, Hydroxyapitate (HA)), and particle size distribution in addition to theparticle agglomeration that is related to the treated Nanofillers in Nanocomposites. FTIR was used to show the qualitativecomposition of untreated Nanofillers and treated Nanofillers. The three types of nanoparticles (SiO2, ZrO2, and H.A. with anaverage size between 10 and 30 nm) were further functionalized with 3-(methacryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS),a silane coupling agent, to improve compatibility between the phases. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy, the compatibility between the phases and the morphology was determined (FTIR). Theadhesion between the resin matrix and the particle, whether homogeneous or heterogeneous nanocomposites, are formed. SEMsaw the effect of salinization. FTIR was employed to communicate qualitative information regarding the impact of salinization.
flexural strength, and compressive strength, of nanocomposites made with untreated nanoparticles or nanoparticles treatedwith 2.5 wt.% MPTMS were significantly greater than those made with nanoparticles treated with 1.5 or 3.5 wt.% MPTMS.
The nanocomposites containing 10 wt.% SiO2 had more flexural strength, compressive strength than those containing othernanofillers (ZrO2 and hydroxyapatite (H.A.). Surprisingly, this development was observed at a significantly lower nanosizedfiller concentration. Utilizing the TGA and DSC methodologies, physicochemical parameters such as solubility (S.L.), watersorption (W.S.), and volumetric shrinkage (VS) were also investigated. Additionally, the thermal stability of the entire dentalnanocomposites is evaluated.