한국(韓國)의 문화(文化) : 한국내 중국 학생 여행행동 변화에 관한 연구 = Culture : A Study on Changes of Travel Behaviors of Chinese Student in South Korea : A Comparison of the Year 2007 and 2013

국문 초록 (Abstract)

외국에서 유학하는 것은 학생들 스스로에게도 학업적인 측면에서 선진학문을 공부하는데 많은 도움을 줄뿐만 아니라 서로 다른 문화 간의 이해와 소통을 촉진하는 작용을 하기도 한다. 중국 학생들은 국내 관광시장의 차별화된 목표시장을 형성하고 있으며 향후 인바운드 중국관광시장의 영향력 있는 요인으로 작용할 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 한국에서의 중국 학생들의 여행행동의 특징과 변화를 분석하는 것은 향후 중국관광시장을 문화적인 측면에서 이해하는데 중요하며 반드시 필요한 부분이다. 이 연구에서는 과거 7년 동안 중국학생들이 한국에서의 여행을 하는데 어떠한 특징이 있는지 분석하고 그 특징이 어떻게 변화하였는지를 분석하고자 하는 목적으로 수행되었으며 2007년과 2013년 두 차례에 걸쳐 한국 내 중국 학생들을 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과 중국학생들의 여행목적은 휴식, 관광, 벗어남 등이 가장 큰 여행목적으로 나타났으며 역사적인 건물들이 더 매력적인 여행목적지로 부각되었다. 또한 전통과 영화촬영지에 대한 매력도는 더 높아졌고 여행정보 획득경로는 구전(口傳, word of mouth) 요인이 가장 중요한 요인으로 자리 잡았다. 여행정보 획득경로 중 전통적인 경로인 TV, 신문, 브로슈어등은 더 현대적인 경로로 변화하였다. 과저 7년 동안 중국학생들은 과거보다 더 오랜 기간 여행하기를 원하며 과거보다 더 작은 그룹으로 여행하기를 원한다. 한국 여행에 대한 이들의 만족도와 충성도는 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Studying abroad not only benefits the students themselves, but also improves the global understanding and promotes the communications between people of different cultures. Chinese students represent a clearly identifiable tourist market segment in Korea and should be expected to become an considerable inbound Chinese tourism market. Therefore it is very important as well as necessary to analyze Chinese students` travel behavior and their characteristics related to it to understand upcoming Chinese tourism market in cultural aspects. So the purpose of the study is to find out the characteristics and changes of travel behaviors of Chinese students in South Korea in 2007 and 2013. Results show that relaxing, sight-seeing and escape are the main motivations. The landmarks become more attractive places, and the attractiveness of tradition and film location are strengthened. The main resource of tourism information depends on word of mouth. The traditional promotion channels, such as TV, newspaper and brochure are changed into the modern way. Chinese students in Korea want to travel longer than before and with small groups, the degree of satisfaction and loyalty to Korea travel become very high now.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Ruth Chruchill, "the student abroad" The American Abroad 18 (4), 1958

2 Yuki2101, "the existing condition of domestic international students"

3 Pearce, P.L., "Youth tourism markets in Australia: comparing the travel behaviors of international English language students and backpackers" Tourism 52 (4) : 341 ~ 350, 2004

4 "Wikipedia"

5 PaiChai University, "University Information"

6 Hsu, C.H.C., "Travel Behaviors of International Students at a Midwestern University" Journal of Travel Research 36 : 59 ~ 65, 1997

7 Kozak, M., "Tourist satisfaction with Mallorea, Spain, as an off-season holiday destination" Journal of Travel Research 38 (3) : 260 ~ 269, 2000

8 Fodness, Dale, "Tourist information search" Annals of Tourism Research 24 (3) : 503 ~ 523, 1997

9 Goeldner, C. R., "Tourism, Principles, Practices, Philosophies" John Wiley & Sons, INC, 2006

10 Kim, Kak-Yom, "Tourism Development in the Asia Pacific Region: Worldwide Views and Multidimensional Perspectives. Volume One" The 8th Annual Conference of the Asia Pacific Tourism Association, 2002

11 Sarah Gardiner, "The travel behaviors of international students : National-based constraints and opportunities" Journal of Vocation Marketing 19 (4) : 287 ~ 299, 2013

12 Michael, I., "The travel behavior of international students: The relationship between studying abroad and their choice of tourists destinations" Journal of Vocation Marketing 10 (1) : 57 ~ 66, 2004

13 Hong, S. K., "The roles of categorization, affective image and constraints on destination choice: An application of the NMNL model." Tourism Management 27 : 750 ~ 761, 2006

14 Frost, F.A, "The impact of airline on student’s travel preference, Motivations, Behavior and Tourist types" Athenaeum Press, 2000

15 Murphy, P. E., "The destination product and its impact on traveller perceptions" Tourism management 21 : 43 ~ 52, 2000

16 Weaver D, "The contribution of international students to tourism beyond the coeducational experience: Evidence from Australia" Tourism Review International 7 : 95 ~ 105, 2002

17 "The New Zealand Ministry of Education"

18 Office of International Exchange & Cooperation in PaiChai University, "The Condition of International Students" PaiChai University, 2007

19 Zhu, J. P., "The Application of SPSS in Statistical Analysis" Qinghua University Press, 2007

20 Feife Xu, "Students' Travel Behavior : A Cross-cultural Comparison of UK and China" Internal Journal of Tourism Research 11 : 255 ~ 256, 2009

21 Schul, P., "Search behavior of international vacationers: Travel-specific lifestyle and socio-demographic variables" Journal of Travel Research 21 : 25 ~ 31, 1983

22 Bai B, "Online travel planning and college students: the spring break experience" Journal of travel & Tourism Marketing 17 (2-3) : 79 ~ 91, 2004

23 Crompton, J. L., "Motivations for pleasure vacations" Annals of Tourism Research 6 (4) : 408 ~ 424, 1979

24 Flavian, C., "Loyalty to Grocery Stores in the Spanish Market of the 1990s" Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 8 : 85 ~ 93, 2001

25 Korea Tourism Organization, "Korea Travel Guide Book" Saung Printing Co. Ltd, 2006

26 Glover P, "International students: Linking education and travel" Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 28 : 180 ~ 195, 2011

27 Snepenger, D. J., "Information search strategies by destination-naïve tourists" Journal of Travel Research 29 (2) : 13 ~ 16, 1990

28 Korea Ministry of Education, "Foreign students in Korea"

29 Richards G, "Cross-cultural behavior in Tourism: Concepts and Analysis" Butterworth Heinemann, 2003

30 Crotts J., "Consumer Behavior in Travel and Tourism" Haworth Press : 149 ~ 168, 1999

31 Crawford, D. W., "Conceptualizing barriers to family leisure" Leisure Sciences 9 (2) : 119 ~ 127, 1987

32 Ryan C, "Chinese visitors to New Zealand – demographics and perceptions" Journal of Vacation Marketing 8 (1) : 13 ~ 27, 2001

33 Ryan, Chris, "Chinese students: holiday behaviors in New Zealand" Tourism and the new Asia: implications for research, policy and practice, 2006

34 Ryan C, "Chinese students – A New Zealand Tourism Niche?" International Journal of Tourism Science 3 (1) : 95 ~ 120, 2003

35 Jacoby, J., "Brand loyalty: Measurement and management" Wiley, 1978

36 Cronin, J. J., "Assessing the effects of quality, value, and customer satisfaction on consumer behavioral intentions in service environments" Journal of Retailing 76 (2) : 193 ~ 218, 2000

37 Ryan C, "Application of leisure motivation scale to tourism" Annals of Tourism Research 25 (1) : 169 ~ 184, 1998

38 Yoon, Yooshik, "An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: a structural model" Tourism Management 26 : 45 ~ 56, 2005

39 Petrick, J. F., "An Examination of the Determinants of Entertainment Vacationers’ Intentions to Revisit" Journal of Travel Research 40 : 41 ~ 48, 2001

40 Raitz, K, "A note about information sources fro preferred recreational Environments" Journal of Travel Research 27 (1) : 45 ~ 49, 1989

41 Lew, A. A., "A frame work of tourist attraction research" Annals of Tourism Research 14 : 553 ~ 575, 1987

42 Park, keun-soo, "A Study on Travel Behaviors of Chinese Student in South Korea" Symposium of Global Events Congress Ⅲ & China Events Education Conference Ⅲ, 2008

43 Sussmann, S., "A Cross-Cultural Analysis of English and French Canadians’ Vocation Travel Patterns" International Journal of Hospitality Management 16 (2) : 191 ~ 208, 1997