리꾀르의 구조주의 비판 = Ricoeur`s Critique of Structuralism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Ricoeur`s critique of structuralism is an undertaking loyal to the discovery of phenomenological ontology intending to state the intentionality that a sign signifies something. Structural semantics cannot produce a true polysemy, for it searches for what is occurring in a limited combination of the signifying and the signified, although intending to deal with the polysemy through determining the elements of meaning which make possible the emergence of meaning. In the structural semantics there is no place for the role of subject, because it is closed in the closed world of signs. Structuralism intends from beginning to make a reductionistic move from synchrony to diachrony, from history to structure. Moreover, it does not make the subject into consideration. The saying act, so to speak, the being full with the language is initially excluded in the rigorous limits of structuralistic analysis. Ricoeur tries to lift the separation of structuralism and hermeneutics. He basically does not give up the structuralistic model. The structuralism is necessary as an objectivism in order to set up the structuralistic analysis as a science as well as language as an object. However, structuralism sees the languages only as the already constructed system, but not from the relation beyond the system. The structuralistic model satisfied with the internal system is not sufficient for demand of interpretation of symbols. Therefore, Ricoeur puts the tasks of structuralistic interpretations for the symbols into the linguistic analysis. The task of symbol interpretation is to set up as much as possible wider spectrum for the symbolic forms. Inventory arising out of the semantic expression forms of symbols becomes a primary possibility for access to the hermeneutic interpretation of symbols. Ricoeur sets up the dimension of panchrony accommodating the synchrony and diachrony through the hermeneutics of a regulated polysemy. A hermeneutics overcoming the structuralism is a conscious recovery against the symbolic elementary things by the interpreter who is in the hermeneutic circle. Ricoeur`s critique of structuralism is relevant even today since coming to the 2000s, for he never totally rejects the ground idea of structuralism, but stands in terms of the truth and values on the structuralistic idea opposing to the poststructuralism which emerged after 1970s, rejecting the objectivity of truth and value. Ricoeur stands on the ground idea of structuralism believing in the objective reality of truth and value. only complementing the limit of structuralism by emphasizing the role of subjectivity linking the syncrony with diacrony.