Population changes and growth modeling of Salmonella enterica during alfalfa seed germination and early sprout development

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the effects of alfalfa seed germination on growth of Salmonella enterica. We investigated the population changes of S. enterica during early sprout development. We found that the population density of S. enterica, which was inoculated on alfalfa seeds was increased during sprout development under all experimental temperatures, whereas a significant reduction was observed when S. enterica was inoculated on fully germinated sprouts. To establish a model for predicting S.
enterica growth during alfalfa sprout development, the kinetic growth data under isothermal conditions were collected and evaluated based on Baranyi model as a primary model for growth data. To elucidate the influence of temperature on S. enterica growth rates, three secondary models were compared and found that the Arrhenius-type model was more suitable than others. We believe that our model can be utilized to predict S. enterica behavior in alfalfa sprout and to conduct microbial risk assessment

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Splittstoesser DF, "The microbiology of vegetable sprouts during commercial production" 5 : 79-86, 1983

2 Castro-Rosas J, "Survival and growth of Vibrio cholerae O1, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli O157: H7 in alfalfa sprouts" 65 : 162-165, 2000

3 Chai T, "Root mean square error (RMSE) or mean absolute error (MAE)? – Arguments against avoiding RMSE in the literature" 7 : 1247-1250, 2014

4 Callejon RM, "Reported foodborne outbreaks due to fresh produce in the United States and European Union: trends and causes" 12 : 32-38, 2015

5 Yang Y, "Overview of recent events in the microbiological safety of sprouts and new intervention technologies" 12 : 265-280, 2013

6 Nsoesie EO, "Online reports of foodborne illness capture foods implicated in official foodborne outbreak reports" 67 : 264-269, 2014

7 CDC, "National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS)"

8 Ross T, "Modeling microbial growth within food safety risk assessments" 23 : 179-197, 2003

9 Ratkowsky DA, "Model for bacterial culture growth rate throughout the entire biokinetic temperature range" 154 : 1222-1226, 1983

10 Baranyi J, "Mathematics of predictive food microbiology" 26 : 199-218, 1995

11 Taormina PJ, "Infections associated with eating seed sprouts: an international concern" 5 : 626-634, 1999

12 Ross T, "Indices for performance evaluation of predictive models in food microbiology" 81 : 501-508, 1996

13 Huang L, "IPMP 2013-a comprehensive data analysis tool for predictive microbiology" 171 : 100-107, 2014

14 Howard MB, "Growth dynamics of Salmonella enterica strains on alfalfa sprouts and in waste seed irrigation water" 69 : 548-553, 2003

15 Wu FM, "Factors influencing the detection and enumeration of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on alfalfa seeds" 71 : 93-99, 2001

16 Huang L, "Evaluating the effect of temperature on microbial growth rate—The Ratkowsky and a Beˇlehra´dek- Type Models" 76 : M547-M557, 2011

17 Charkowski AO, "Differences in growth of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7 on alfalfa sprouts" 68 : 3114-3120, 2002

18 Portnoy BL, "An outbreak of Bacillus cereus food poisoning resulting from contaminated vegetable sprouts" 103 : 589-594, 1976

19 McNab WB, "A general framework illustrating an approach to quantitative microbial food safety risk assessment" 61 : 1216-1228, 1998