Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution by activated carbon prepared from cashew nut shell as a new low-cost adsorbent

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Methylene blue dye was adsorbed on an adsorbent prepared from cashew nut shell. A batch adsorption study was carried out with variable adsorbent amount, initial dye concentration, contact time and pH. Studies showed that the pH of aqueous solutions affected dye removal as a result of removal efficiency increased with increasing solution pH. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Koble-Corrigan, Toth, Temkin,Sips and Dubinin-Radushkevich models of adsorption using MATLAB 7.1. The experimental data yielded excellent fits within the following isotherm order: Redlich-Peterson>Toth>Sips>Koble-Corrigan>Langmuir>Temkin>Dubinin-Radushkevich>Freundlich, based on its correlation coefficient values. Three simplified kinetic models including a pseudofirst-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion equations were selected to follow the adsorption process.
It was shown that the adsorption of methylene blue could be described by the pseudo-second-order equation. The results indicate that cashew nut shell activated carbon could be employed as a low cost alternative to commercial activated carbon in the removal of dyes from wastewater.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 T.V. N. Padmesh, 71 : 77-, 2006

2 W. J. Weber, 89 : 31-, 1963

3 Y. S. Ho, 40 : 119-, 2005

4 U. Pagga, 15 : 479-, 1986

5 V. Vadivelan, 286 : 90-, 2005

6 V. K. Garg, 63 : 243-, 2004

7 R. Sanghi, 118 : 256-, 2002

8 V. Meshko, 35 : 3357-, 2001

9 P. K. Malik, 56 : 239-, 2003

10 M. Goyal, 5 : 170-, 2004

11 F.K. Bangash, 26 : 111-, 2004

12 E. Lorenc-Grabowska, 68 : 1-, 2006

13 C. Namasivayam, 54 : 47-, 2002

14 R. L. Teng, 41 : 487-, 2003

15 B. K. Singh, 61 : 307-, 1994

16 F. C. Wu, B69 : 287-, 1999

17 S. Rajeshwarisivaraj, 80 : 233-, 2001

18 W. T. Tsai, 45 : 51-, 2001

19 S. Senthilkumaar, 284 : 78-, 2005

20 J. Avom, 35 : 365-, 1997

21 N. Yalcin, 38 : 1943-, 2000

22 A. H. El-Sheikh, 71 : 151-, 2004

23 B. S. Girgis, 52 : 105-, 2002

24 A. Aygun, 66 : 189-, 2003

25 B. H. Hameed, 75 : 143-, 2007

26 A. A. Attia, 76 : 282-, 2008

27 I.A.W. Tan, 225 : 13-, 2008

28 A. Khaled, 238 : 210-, 2009

29 M. M. El-Halwany, 250 : 208-, 2010

30 K. S.W. Sing, 57 : 603-, 1985

31 S. Wang, 292 : 336-, 2005

32 B. H. Hameed, 158 : 65-, 2008

33 Y. Wong, 33 : 3512-, 1999

34 I. Langmuir, 40 : 1361-, 1918

35 H. M. F. Freundlich, 57 : 385-, 1906

36 O. Redlich, 63 : 1024-, 1959

37 R. A. Koble, 44 : 383-, 1952

38 J. Toth, 69 : 311-, 1961

39 M. J. Temkin, 12 : 217-, 1940

40 B. Volesky, 71 : 179-, 2003

41 M. M. Dubinin, 1 : 875-, 1947

42 S. Lagregren, 24 : 1-, 1898

43 Y. S. Ho, 34 : 451-, 1999

44 A. Reife, "Environmental Chemistry, Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 4th Ed" John Wiley & Sons 753-, 1993