1 Ziebuhr, J., "Virus-encoded proteinases and proteolytic processing in the Nidovirales" 81 : 853-879, 2000
2 Duan, X., "Virus quantification and identification of cellular targets in the lungs and lymphoid tissues of pigs at different time intervals after inoculation with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)" 56 : 9-19, 1997
3 Normile, D, "Virology. China, Vietnam grapple with ‘rapidly evolving’ pig virus" 317 : 1017-, 2007
4 Cruz, J. L., "Vectored vaccines to protect against PRRSV" 154 : 150-160, 2010
5 Pitkin, A., "Use of a production region model to assess the airborne spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 136 : 1-7, 2009
6 Snijder, E. J., "Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage" 331 : 991-1004, 2003
7 Suarez, P, "Ultrastructural pathogenesis of the PRRS virus" 31 : 47-55, 2000
8 Dea, S., "Ultrastructural characteristics and morphogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus propagated in the highly permissive MARC-145 cell clone" 380 : 95-98, 1995
9 Bierk, M. D., "Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from persistently infected sows to contact controls" 65 : 261-266, 2001
10 Otake, S., "Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by needles" 150 : 114-115, 2002
11 Otake, S., "Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by houseflies (Musca domestica)" 152 : 73-76, 2003
12 Otake, S., "Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by fomites (boots and coveralls)" 10 : 59-65, 2002
13 Blaha, T, "The “colorful” epidemiology of PRRS" 31 : 77-83, 2000
14 Dokland, T, "The structural biology of PRRSV" 154 : 86-97, 2010
15 Lee, C., "The small envelope protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus possesses ion channel protein-like properties" 355 : 30-43, 2006
16 van Dinten, L. C., "The predicted metal-binding region of the arterivirus helicase protein is involved in subgenomic mRNA synthesis, genome replication, and virion biogenesis" 74 : 5213-5223, 2000
17 Van Gorp, H., "The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus requires trafficking through CD163-positive early endosomes, but not late endosomes, for productive infection" 154 : 1939-1943, 2009
18 Han, J., "The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nsp2 cysteine protease domain possesses both trans- and cis-cleavage activities" 83 : 9449-9463, 2009
19 Kroese, M. V., "The nsp1alpha and nsp1 papain-like autoproteinases are essential for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus RNA synthesis" 89 : 494-499, 2008
20 Snijder, E.J., "The molecular biology of arteriviruses" 79 : 961-979, 1998
21 Das, P. B., "The minor envelope glycoproteins GP2a and GP4 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus interact with the receptor CD163" 84 : 1731-1740, 2010
22 Wissink, E. H., "The major envelope protein, GP5, of a European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus contains a neutralization epitope in its N-terminal ectodomain" 84 : 1535-1543, 2003
23 Rowland, R. R, "The interaction between PRRSV and the late gestation pig fetus" 154 : 114-122, 2010
24 van Hemert, M. J., "The in vitro RNA synthesizing activity of the isolated arterivirus replication/transcription complex is dependent on a host factor" 283 : 16525-16536, 2008
25 de Vries, A. A. F., "The genome organization of the Nidovirales: similarities and differences between arteri-, toro-, and coronaviruses" 8 : 33-47, 1997
26 Forsberg, R., "The genetic diversity of European type PRRSV is similar to that of the North American type but is geographically skewed within Europe" 299 : 38-47, 2002
27 Garner, M. G., "The expected economic impact of selected exotic diseases on the pig industry of Australia" 20 : 671-685, 2001
28 Murtaugh, M. P., "The ever-expanding diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 154 : 18-30, 2010
29 Sun, Z., "The cysteine protease domain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nonstructural protein 2 possesses deubiquitinating and interferon antagonism functions" 84 : 7832-7846, 2010
30 Li, H., "The cysteine protease domain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus non-structural protein 2 antagonizes interferon regulatory factor 3 activation" 91 : 2947-2958, 2010
31 Xue, F., "The crystal structure of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nonstructural protein Nsp1beta reveals a novel metal-dependent nuclease" 84 : 6461-6471, 2010
32 Mateu, E., "The challenge of PRRS immunology" 177 : 345-351, 2008
33 Van Hemert, M.J., "The arterivirus replicase, In Nidoviruses" American Society for Microbiology Press 83-101, 2008
34 Molenkamp, R., "The arterivirus replicase is the only viral protein required for genome replication and subgenomic mRNA transcription" 81 : 2491-2496, 2000
35 Snijder, E. J., "The arterivirus nsp4 protease is the prototype of a novel group of chymotrypsin-like enzymes, the 3Clike serine proteases" 271 : 4864-4871, 1996
36 Snijder, E. J., "The arterivirus Nsp2 protease. An unusual cysteine protease with primary structure similarities to both papain-like and chymotrypsin-like proteases" 270 : 16671-16676, 1995
37 Fang, Y., "The PRRSV replicase: exploring the multifunctionality of an intriguing set of nonstructural proteins" 154 : 61-76, 2010
38 Van Breedam, W., "The M/GP(5) glycoprotein complex of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus binds the sialoadhesin receptor in a sialic acid-dependent manner" 6 : e1000730-, 2010
39 Thanawongnuwech, R., "Taming PRRSV: revisiting the control strategies and vaccine design" 154 : 133-140, 2010
40 Barrette-Ng, I. H., "Structure of arterivirus nsp4. The smallest chymotrypsin-like proteinase with an alpha/beta C-terminal extension and alternate conformations of the oxyanion hole" 277 : 39960-39966, 2002
41 Tian, X., "Structure and cleavage specificity of the chymotrypsin-like serine protease (3CLSP/nsp4) of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV)" 392 : 977-993, 2009
42 Wieringa, R., "Structural protein requirements in equine arteritis virus assembly" 78 : 13019-13027, 2004
43 Schurrer, J. A., "Spatial dispersal of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-contaminated flies after contact with experimentally infected pigs" 65 : 1284-1292, 2004
44 Posthuma, C. C., "Site-directed mutagenesis of the Nidovirus replicative endoribonuclease NendoU exerts pleiotropic effects on the arterivirus life cycle" 80 : 1653-1661, 2006
45 Van Gorp, H., "Sialoadhesin and CD163 join forces during entry of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 89 : 2943-2953, 2008
46 Wagstrom, E. A., "Shedding of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in mammary gland secretions of sows" 62 : 1876-1880, 2001
47 Pasternak, A. O., "Sequence requirements for RNA strand transfer during nidovirus discontinuous subgenomic RNA synthesis" 20 : 7220-7228, 2001
48 Madsen, K. G., "Sequence analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus of the American type collected from Danish swine herds" 143 : 1683-1700, 1998
49 Van Den Born, E., "Secondary structure and function of the 5'-proximal region of the equine arteritis virus RNA genome" 10 : 424-437, 2004
50 Shanmukhappa, K., "Role of CD151, A tetraspanin, in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection" 4 : 62-, 2007
51 Mortensen, S., "Risk factors for infection of sow herds with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus" 53 : 83-101, 2002
52 Nielsen, H. S., "Reversion of a live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine investigated by parallel mutations" 82 : 1263-1272, 2001
53 Schurrer, J. A., "Retention of ingested porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in houseflies" 66 : 1517-1525, 2005
54 Labarque, G., "Respiratory tract protection upon challenge of pigs vaccinated with attenuated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines" 95 : 187-197, 2003
55 Zevenhoven-Dobbe, J. C., "Rescue of disabled infectious single-cycle (DISC) equine arteritis virus by using complementing cell lines that express minor structural glycoproteins" 85 : 3709-3714, 2004
56 Keffaber, K. K, "Reproductive failure of unknown etiology" 1 : 1-9, 1989
57 Stueckemann, J. A., "Replication of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus in macrophages. 2. Mechanism of persistent infection in mice and cell culture" 59 : 263-272, 1982
58 Li, B., "Recombination in vaccine and circulating strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses" 15 : 2032-2035, 2009
59 Goldberg, T. L., "Quasispecies variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus during natural infection" 317 : 197-207, 2003
60 Snijder, E. J., "Proteolytic processing of the replicase ORF1a protein of equine arteritis virus" 68 : 5755-5764, 1994
61 van Dinten, L. C., "Proteolytic processing of the open reading frame 1b-encoded part of arterivirus replicase is mediated by nsp4 serine protease and is essential for virus replication" 73 : 2027-2037, 1999
62 van Aken, D., "Proteolytic maturation of replicase polyprotein pp1a by the nsp4 main proteinase is essential for equine arteritis virus replication and includes internal cleavage of nsp7" 87 : 3473-3482, 2006
63 van Nieuwstadt, A. P., "Proteins encoded by open reading frames 3 and 4 of the genome of Lelystad virus (Arteriviridae) are structural proteins of the virion" 70 : 4767-4772, 1996
64 Drew, T. W., "Production, characterization and reactivity of monoclonal anti bodies to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 76 : 1361-1369, 1995
65 van Dinten, L. C., "Processing of the equine arteritis virus replicase ORF1b protein: identification of cleavage products containing the putative viral polymerase and helicase domains" 70 : 6625-6633, 1996
66 den Boon, J. A., "Processing and evolution of the N-terminal region of the arterivirus replicase ORF1a protein: identification of two papainlike cysteine proteases" 69 : 4500-4505, 1995
67 Meulenberg, J. J., "Posttranslational processing and identification of a neutralization domain of the GP4 protein encoded by ORF4 of Lelystad virus" 71 : 6061-6067, 1997
68 Feng, Y., "Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus variants, Vietnam and China, 2007" 14 : 1774-1776, 2007
69 Done, S.H., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome: clinical disease, pathology and immunosuppression" 136 : 32-35, 1995
70 Wills, R. W., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: routes of excretion" 57 : 69-81, 1997
71 Allende, R., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: description of persistence in individual pigs upon experimental infection" 74 : 10834-10837, 2000
72 Lunney, J. K., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: an update on an emerging and re-emerging viral disease of swine" 154 : 1-6, 2010
73 Wills, R. W., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: a persistent infection" 55 : 231-240, 1997
74 Stadejek, T., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains of exceptional diversity in eastern Europe support the definition of new genetic subtypes" 87 : 1835-1841, 2006
75 Wang, X., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus productively infects monocyte-derived dendritic cells and compromises their antigen-presenting ability" 152 : 289-303, 2007
76 Beura, L. K., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nonstructural protein 1beta modulates host innate immune response by antagonizing IRF3 activation" 84 : 1574-1584, 2010
77 Flores-Mendoza, L., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infects mature porcine dendritic cells and upregulates interleukin-10 production" 15 : 720-725, 2008
78 Lawson, S. R., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection of gnotobiotic pigs: sites of virus replication and co-localization with MAC-387 staining at 21 days postinfection" 51 : 105-113, 1997
79 Duan, X., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection of alveolar macrophages can be blocked by monoclonal antibodies against cell surface antigens" 440 : 81-88, 1998
80 Van Breedam, W., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus entry into the porcine macrophage" 91 : 1659-1667, 2010
81 Kreutz, L.C., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus enters cells through a low pH-dependent endocytic pathway" 42 : 137-147, 1996
82 Nelsen, C. J., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus comparison: divergent evolution on two continents" 73 : 270-280, 1999
83 An, T. Q., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus attachment is mediated by the N-terminal domain of the sialoadhesin receptor" 143 : 371-378, 2010
84 Zimmerman, J., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (porcine arterivirus), In Diseases of swine" Blackwell Publishing 387-418, 2006
85 Cho, J.G., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 66 : 655-662, 2006
86 Zhou, L., "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in China" 154 : 31-37, 2010
87 Rossow, K. D, "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome" 35 : 1-20, 1998
88 Delputte, P.L., "Porcine arterivirus infection of alveolar macrophages is mediated by sialic acid on the virus" 78 : 8094-8101, 2004
89 Delputte, P. L., "Porcine arterivirus attachment to the macrophage-specific receptor sialoadhesin is dependent on the sialic acid-binding activity of the N-terminal immunoglobulin domain of sialoadhesin" 81 : 9546-9550, 2007
90 Shi, M., "Phylogeny-based evolutionary, demographical, and geographical dissection of North American type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses" 84 : 8700-8711, 2010
91 Chang, H. C., "Phenotypic and functional modulation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells by porcine reproductive and respi ratory syndrome virus" 129 : 281-293, 2008
92 Christianson, W. T., "Pathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in mid-gestation sows and fetuses" 57 : 262-268, 1993
93 Van Reeth, K, "Pathogenesis and clinical aspects of a respiratory porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection" 55 : 223-230, 1997
94 Brouwer, J., "PRRS: effect on herd performance after initial infection and risk analysis" 16 : 95-100, 1994
95 Hill, H., "Overview and history of mystery swine disease (swine infertility respiratory syndrome)" 29-30, 1990
96 Frias-Staheli, N., "Ovarian tumor domaincontaining viral proteases evade ubiquitin- and ISG15-dependent innate immune responses" 2 : 404-416, 2007
97 An, T. Q., "Origin of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, China" 16 : 365-367, 2010
98 de Groot, R. J., "Order Nidovirales, In Virus taxonomy, 9th report of the international committee on taxonomy of viruses" Elsevier Academic Press 2011
99 Prickett, J. R., "Oral-fluid samples for surveillance of commercial growing pigs for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2 infections" 16 : 86-91, 2008
100 Pedersen, K. W., "Open reading frame 1a-encoded subunits of the arterivirus replicase induce endoplasmic reticulum-derived double-membrane vesicles which carry the viral replication complex" 73 : 2016-2026, 1999
101 van der Meer, Y., "ORF1a-encoded replicase subunits are involved in the membrane association of the arterivirus replication complex" 72 : 6689-6698, 1998
102 Rowland, R.R., "Nucleolar-cytoplasmic shuttling of PRRSV nucleocapsid protein: a simple case of molecular mimicry or the complex regulation by nuclear import, nucleolar localization and nuclear export signal sequences" 95 : 23-33, 2003
103 Tijms, M. A., "Nuclear localization of non-structural protein 1 and nucleocapsid protein of equine arteritis virus" 83 : 795-800, 2002
104 Johnson, C. R., "Novel structural protein in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus encoded by an alternative ORF5 present in all arteriviruses" 92 : 1107-1116, 2011
105 Huang, Y.W., "Novel strategies and approaches to develop the next generation of vaccines against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)" 154 : 141-149, 2010
106 Allende, R., "North American and European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses differ in non-structural protein coding regions" 80 : 307-315, 1999
107 Snijder, E. J., "Non-structural proteins 2 and 3 interact to modify host cell membranes during the formation of the arterivirus replication complex" 82 : 985-994, 2001
108 Pasternak, A. O., "Nidovirus transcription: how to make sense...?" 87 : 1403-1421, 2006
109 Britton, P., "Nidovirus genome organization and expression mechanisms, In Nidoviruses" American Society for Microbiology Press 29-46, 2008
110 Gorbalenya, A. E., "Nidovirales: evolving the largest RNA virus genome" 117 : 17-37, 2006
111 Cavanagh, D, "Nidovirales: a new order comprising Coronaviridae and Arteriviridae" 142 : 629-633, 1997
112 Pesch, S., "New insights into the genetic diversity of European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV). Vet. Microbiol" 107 : 31-48, 2005
113 Wensvoort, G., "Mystery swine disease in The Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus" 13 : 121-130, 1991
114 van Aken, D., "Mutagenesis analysis of the nsp4 main proteinase reveals determinants of arterivirus replicase polyprotein autoprocessing" 80 : 3428-3437, 2006
115 Shi, M., "Molecular epidemiology of PRRSV: a phylogenetic perspective" 154 : 7-17, 2010
116 Conzelmann, K. K., "Molecular characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, a member of the arterivirus group" 193 : 329-339, 1993
117 Mardassi, H., "Molecular analysis of the ORFs 3 to 7 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Quebec reference strain" 140 : 1405-1418, 1995
118 Yoo, D., "Modulation of host cell responses and evasion strategies for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 154 : 48-60, 2010
119 Dee, S., "Mechanical transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus throughout a coordinated sequence of events during warm weather" 67 : 12-19, 2003
120 Dee, S., "Mechanical transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus throughout a coordinated sequence of events during cold weather" 66 : 232-239, 2002
121 Otake, S., "Mechanical transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by mosquitoes, Aedes vexans (Meigen)" 66 : 191-195, 2002
122 Otake, S., "Long-distance airborne transport of infectious PRRSV and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from a swine population infected with multiple viral variants" 145 : 198-208, 2010
123 Dewey, C., "Lelystad-like strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) identified in Canadian swine" 41 : 493-494, 2000
124 Meulenberg, J. J., "Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV" 192 : 62-72, 1993
125 Plagemann, P.G., "Lactate dehydrogenaseelevating virus, equine arteritis virus, and simian hemorrhagic fever virus: a new group of positive-strand RNA viruses" 41 : 99-192, 1992
126 Collins, J. E., "Isolation of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332) in North America and experimental reproduction of the disease in gnotobiotic pigs" 4 : 117-126, 1992
127 Delputte, P. L., "Involvement of the matrix protein in attachment of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus to a heparinlike receptor on porcine alveolar macrophages" 76 : 4312-4320, 2002
128 Vanderheijden, N., "Involvement of sialoadhesin in entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into porcine alveolar macrophages" 77 : 8207-8215, 2003
129 Misinzo, G. M., "Involvement of proteases in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus uncoating upon internalization in primary macrophages" 39 : 55-, 2008
130 Mardassi, H., "Intracellular synthesis, processing, and transport of proteins encoded by ORFs 5 to 7 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 221 : 98-112, 1996
131 Ansari, I. H., "Influence of N-linked glycosylation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP5 on virus infectivity, antigenicity, and ability to induce neutralizing antibodies" 80 : 3994-4004, 2006
132 Yoo, D., "Infectious cDNA clones of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and their potential as vaccine vectors" 102 : 143-154, 2004
133 Silva-Campa, E., "Induction of T helper 3 regulatory cells by dendritic cells infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 387 : 373-379, 2009
134 Cano, J. P., "Impact of a modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine intervention on a population of pigs infected with a heterologous isolate" 25 : 4382-4391, 2007
135 Murtaugh, M.P., "Immunological solutions for treatment and prevention of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)" 29 : 8192-8204, 2011
136 Murtaugh, M. P., "Immunological responses of swine to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection" 15 : 533-547, 2002
137 Chen, Z., "Immunodominant epitopes in nsp2 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus are dispensable for replication, but play an important role in modulation of the host immune response" 91 : 1047-1057, 2010
138 Vu, H. L., "Immune evasion of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus through glycan shielding involves both glycoprotein 5 as well as glycoprotein 3" 85 : 5555-5564, 2011
139 Chen, Z., "Identification of two auto-cleavage products of nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infected cells: nsp1 function as interferon antagonist" 398 : 87-97, 2010
140 Van Gorp, H., "Identification of the CD163 protein domains involved in infection of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 84 : 3101-3105, 2010
141 Stadejek, T., "Identification of radically different variants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Eastern Europe: towards a common ancestor for European and American viruses" 8 : 1861-1873, 2002
142 Li, Y., "Identification of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ORF1aencoded non-structural proteins in virus-infected cells" 93 : 829-839, 2012
143 Mardassi, H., "Identification of major differences in the nucleocapsid protein genes of a Quebec strain and European strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 75 : 681-685, 1994
144 Duan, X., "Identification of a putative receptor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on porcine alveolar macrophages" 72 : 4520-4523, 1998
145 Snijder, E. J., "Identification of a novel structural protein of arteriviruses" 73 : 6335-6345, 1999
146 Mengeling, W. L., "Identification and clinical assessment of suspected vaccine-related field strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 60 : 334-340, 1999
147 Meulenberg, J.J., "Identification and characterization of a sixth structural protein of Lelystad virus: the glycoprotein GP2 encoded by ORF2 is incorporated in virus particles" 225 : 44-51, 1996
148 Zhou, Y. J., "Highly virulent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus emerged in China" 55 : 152-164, 2008
149 An, T. Q., "Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Asia" 17 : 1782-1784, 2011
150 Meng, X. J, "Heterogeneity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: implications for current vaccine efficacy and future vaccine development" 74 : 309-329, 2000
151 Snijder, E. J., "Heterodimerization of the two major envelope proteins is essential for arterivirus infectivity" 77 : 97-104, 2003
152 Das, P. B., "Glycosylation of minor envelope glycoproteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in infectious virus recovery, receptor interaction, and immune response" 410 : 385-394, 2011
153 Thanawongnuwech, R., "Genetics and geographical variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Thailand" 101 : 9-21, 2004
154 Kapur, V., "Genetic variation in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates in the midwestern United States" 77 : 1271-1276, 1996
155 Balka, G., "Genetic diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains circulating in Hungarian swine herds" 127 : 128-135, 2008
156 Mateu, E., "Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein 5 of European-type porcine reproductive and respiratory virus strains in Spain" 84 : 529-534, 2003
157 Lunney, J.K., "Genetic control of host resistance to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection" 161-169, 2010
158 Zimmerman, J. J., "General overview of PRRSV: a perspective from the United States" 55 : 187-196, 1997
159 Bautista, E. M., "Functional properties of the predicted helicase of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 298 : 258-270, 2002
160 grosse Beilage, E., "Frequency of PRRS live vaccine virus (European and North American genotype) in vaccinated and non-vaccinated pigs submitted for respiratory tract diagnostics in North-Western Germany" 92 : 31-37, 2009
161 Posthuma, C. C., "Formation of the arterivirus replication/transcription complex: a key role for nonstructural protein 3 in the remodeling of intracellular membranes" 82 : 4480-4491, 2008
162 Faaberg, K. S., "Family Arteriviridae. In King, A.M.Q. (ed.), Virus taxonomy, 9th report of the international committee on taxonomy of viruses" Elsevier Academic Press 2011
163 Scortti, M., "Failure of an inactivated vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome to protect gilts against a heterologous challenge with PRRSV" 161 : 809-813, 2007
164 Christianson, W. T., "Experimental reproduction of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome in pregnant sows" 53 : 485-488, 1992
165 Terpstra, C., "Experimental reproduction of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (mystery swine disease) by infection with Lelystad virus: Koch’s postulates fulfilled" 13 : 131-136, 1991
166 Rossow, K. D., "Experimental porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in one-, four-, and 10-week-old pigs" 6 : 3-12, 1994
167 Brockmeier, S.L, "Experimental airborne transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Bordetella bronchiseptica" 89 : 267-275, 2002
168 Kristensen, C. S., "Experimental airborne transmission of PRRS virus" 99 : 197-202, 2004
169 Swenson, S. L., "Excretion of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in semen after experimentally induced infection in boars" 204 : 1943-1948, 1994
170 Storgaard, T., "Examination of the selective pressures on a live PRRS vaccine virus" 144 : 2389-2401, 1999
171 Yaeger, M. J., "Evidence for the transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in boar semen" 1 : 7-9, 1993
172 Wesley, R. D., "Evidence for divergence of restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns following in vivo replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 60 : 463-467, 1999
173 Fano, E., "Evaluation of the aerosol transmission of a mixed infection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 157 : 105-108, 2005
174 Otake, S., "Evaluation of mosquitoes, Aedes vexans, as biological vectors of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Can" 67 : 265-270, 2003
175 Otake, S., "Evaluation of aerosol transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus under controlled field conditions" 150 : 804-808, 2002
176 Tijms, M.A., "Equine arteritis virus non-structural protein 1, an essential factor for viral subgenomic mRNA synthesis, interacts with the cellular transcription co-factor p100" 8 : 2317-2322, 2003
177 den Boon, J. A., "Equine arteritis virus is not a togavirus but belongs to the coronaviruslike superfamily" 65 : 2910-2920, 1991
178 Oleksiewicz, M. B., "Epitope mapping porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by phage display: the nsp2 fragment of the replicase polyprotein contains a cluster of B-cell epitopes" 75 : 3277-3290, 2001
179 Albina, E, "Epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS): an overview" 55 : 309-316, 1997
180 Li, B., "Epidemiology and evolutionary characteristics of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China between 2006 and 2010" 49 : 3175-3183, 2011
181 Wissink, E. H., "Envelope protein requirements for the assembly of infectious virions of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 79 : 12495-12506, 2005
182 Nauwynck, H. J., "Entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into porcine alveolar macrophages via receptor-mediated endocytosis" 80 : 297-305, 1999
183 Oleksiewicz, M. B., "Emergence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus deletion mutants: correlation with the porcine antibody response to a hypervariable site in the ORF 3 structural glycoprotein" 267 : 135-140, 2000
184 Tian, K., "Emergence of fatal PRRSV variants: unparalleled outbreaks of atypical PRRS in China and molecular dissection of the unique hallmark" 2 : e526-, 2007
185 Li, Y., "Emergence of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the Mid-Eastern region of China" 174 : 577-584, 2007
186 Wood, O., "Electron microscopic study of tissue cultures infected with simian haemorrhagic fever virus" 7 : 129-136, 1970
187 Weiland, F., "Electron microscopic studies on the morphogenesis of PRRSV in infected cells-comparative studies, In Immunobiology of viral infections. Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the European Society of Veterinary Virology"
188 Fang, Y., "Efficient -2 frameshifting by mammalian ribosomes to synthesize an additional arterivirus protein" 109 : 2920-2928, 2012
189 Okuda, Y., "Efficacy of vaccination with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus following challenges with field isolates in Japan" 70 : 1017-1025, 2008
190 Duan, X., "Effects of origin and state of differentiation and activation of monocytes/macrophages on their susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)" 142 : 2483-2497, 1997
191 Vanderheijden, N., "Effects of heparin on the entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into alveolar macrophages" 494 : 683-689, 2001
192 Cano, J. P., "Effect of vaccination with a modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine on dynamics of homologous viral infection in pigs" 68 : 565-571, 2007
193 Jusa, E. R., "Effect of heparin on infection of cells by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 58 : 488-491, 1997
194 Nieuwenhuis, N., "Economic analysis of outbreaks of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in nine sow herds" 170 : 225-, 2012
195 Wills, R. W., "Duration of infection and proportion of pigs persistently infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 41 : 58-62, 2003
196 Fang, Y., "Diversity and evolution of a newly emerged North American Type 1 porcine arterivirus: analysis of isolates collected between 1999 and 2004" 152 : 1009-1017, 2007
197 Firth, A. E., "Discovery of a small arterivirus gene that overlaps the GP5 coding sequence and is important for virus production" 92 : 1097-1106, 2011
198 Nelson, E. A., "Differentiation of U.S. and European isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by monoclonal antibodies" 31 : 3184-3189, 1993
199 Loving, C. L., "Differential type I interferon activation and susceptibility of dendritic cell populations to porcine arterivirus" 120 : 217-229, 2007
200 Botner, A, "Diagnosis of PRRS" 55 : 295-301, 1997
201 Vanhee, M., "Development of an experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccine that induces virus-neutralizing antibodies" 40 : 63-, 2009
202 Batista, L., "Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs with low positive or negative ELISA s/p ratios" 154 : 25-26, 2004
203 Christopher-Hennings, J., "Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in boar semen by PCR" 33 : 1730-1734, 1995
204 Teifke, J. P., "Detection of European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in porcine alveolar macrophages by two-colour immunofluorescence and in-situ hybridizationimmunohistochemistry double labelling" 124 : 238-245, 2001
205 Stadejek, T., "Definition of subtypes in the European genotype of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: nucleocapsid characteristics and geographical distribution in Europe" 153 : 1479-1488, 2008
206 Kim, J. K., "Defining the cellular target(s) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus blocking monoclonal antibody 7G10" 80 : 689-696, 2006
207 Beerens, N., "De novo initiation of RNA synthesis by the arterivirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase" 81 : 8384-8395, 2007
208 Dea, S., "Current knowledge on the structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus: comparison of the North American and European isolates" 145 : 659-688, 2000
209 Sun, Y., "Crystal structure of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus leader protease Nsp1alpha" 83 : 10931-10940, 2009
210 Spilman, M. S., "Cryo-electron tomography of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: organization of the nucleocapsid" 90 : 527-535, 2009
211 Sawicki, S.G., "Coronaviruses use discontinuous extension for synthesis of subgenome-length negative strands" 380 : 499-506, 1995
212 Corzo, C. A., "Control and elimination of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 154 : 185-192, 2010
213 Han, J., "Complete genome analysis of RFLP 184 isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 122 : 175-182, 2006
214 Halbur, P. G., "Comparison of the pathogenicity of two US porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates with that of the Lelystad virus" 32 : 648-660, 1995
215 Opriessnig, T., "Comparison of molecular and biological characteristics of a modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine (ingelvac PRRS MLV), the parent strain of the vaccine (ATCC VR2332), ATCC VR2385, and two recent field isolates of PRRSV" 76 : 11837-11844, 2002
216 Pol, J. M., "Comparative morphogenesis of three PRRS virus strains" 55 : 203-208, 1997
217 Amonsin, A., "Comparative analysis of complete nucleotide sequence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolates in Thailand (US and EU genotypes)" 6 : 143-, 2009
218 Horter, D. C., "Characterization of the carrier state in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection" 86 : 213-228, 2002
219 Benfield, D. A., "Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332)" 4 : 127-133, 1992
220 Meulenberg, J. J., "Characterization of proteins encoded by ORFs 2 to 7 of Lelystad virus" 206 : 155-163, 1995
221 Ropp, S. L., "Characterization of emerging European-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates in the United States" 78 : 3684-3703, 2004
222 van Marle, G., "Characterization of an equine arteritis virus replicase mutant defective in subgenomic mRNA synthesis" 73 : 5274-5281, 1999
223 Brierley, I., "Characterization of an efficient coronavirus ribosomal frameshifting signal: requirement for an RNA pseudoknot" 57 : 537-547, 1989
224 Kimman, T. G., "Challenges for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccinology" 27 : 3704-3718, 2009
225 Kreutz, L. C, "Cellular membrane factors are the major determinants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus tropism" 53 : 121-128, 1998
226 Calvert, J. G., "CD163 expression confers susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses" 81 : 7371-7379, 2007
227 Paton, D. J., "Blue ear’ disease of pigs" 128 : 617-, 1991
228 Nedialkova, D. D., "Biochemical characterization of arterivirus nonstructural protein 11 reveals the nidovirus-wide conservation of a replicative endoribonuclease" 83 : 5671-5682, 2009
229 Trincado, C., "Attempts to transmit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by aerosols under controlled field conditions" 154 : 294-297, 2004
230 Zuckermann, F. A., "Assessment of the efficacy of commercial porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccines based on measurement of serologic response, frequency of gamma-IFN-producing cells and virological parameters of protection upon challenge" 123 : 69-85, 2007
231 Neumann, E. J., "Assessment of the economic impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome on swine production in the United States" 227 : 385-392, 2005
232 Batista, L., "Assessing the duration of persistence and shedding of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a large population of breeding-age gilts" 66 : 196-200, 2002
233 Snijder, E.J., "Arteriviruses, In Fields virology" Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Publishers 1337-1355, 2007
234 Tijms, M. A., "Arterivirus subgenomic mRNA synthesis and virion biogenesis depend on the multifunctional nsp1 autoprotease" 81 : 10496-10505, 2007
235 van Marle, G., "Arterivirus discontinuous mRNA transcription is guided by base pairing between sense and antisense transcription-regulating sequences" 96 : 12056-12061, 1999
236 Nedialkova, D. D., "Arterivirus Nsp1 modulates the accumulation of minus-strand templates to control the relative abundance of viral mRNAs" 6 : e1000772-, 2010
237 Murtaugh, M. P., "Appearance of novel PRRSV isolates by recombination in the natural environment" 494 : 31-36, 2001
238 Botner, A., "Appearance of acute PRRS-like symptoms in sow herds after vaccination with a modified live PRRS vaccine" 141 : 497-499, 1997
239 Wootton, S. K., "Antigenic structure of the nucleocapsid protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 5 : 773-779, 1998
240 Wensvoort, G., "Antigenic comparison of Lelystad virus and swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus" 4 : 134-138, 1992
241 Delputte, P. L., "Analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus attachment and internalization: distinctive roles for heparan sulphate and sialoadhesin" 86 : 1441-1445, 2005
242 van Dinten, L. C., "An infectious arterivirus cDNA clone: identification of a replicase point mutation that abolishes discontinuous mRNA transcription" 94 : 991-996, 1997
243 Dee, S. A., "An experimental model to evaluate the role of transport vehicles as a source of transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus to susceptible pigs" 68 : 128-133, 2004
244 Wassenaar, A. L., "Alternative proteolytic processing of the arterivirus replicase ORF1a polyprotein: evidence that NSP2 acts as a cofactor for the NSP4 serine protease" 71 : 9313-9322, 1997
245 de Vries, A. A., "All subgenomic mRNAs of equine arteritis virus contain a common leader sequence" 18 : 3241-3247, 1990
246 Torremorell, M., "Airborne transmission of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in nursery pigs" 58 : 828-832, 1997
247 Charerntantanakul, W, "Adjuvants for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines" 129 : 1-13, 2009
248 Tijms, M. A., "A zinc finger-containing papain-like protease couples subgenomic mRNA synthesis to genome translation in a positivestranded RNA virus" 98 : 1889-1894, 2001
249 Mardassi, H., "A subset of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP3 glycoprotein is released into the culture medium of cells as a non-virion-associated and membrane-free (soluble) form" 72 : 6298-6306, 1998
250 Makarova, K. S., "A novel superfamily of predicted cysteine proteases from eukaryotes, viruses and Chlamydia pneumoniae" 25 : 50-52, 2000
251 Meng, X. J., "A nested set of six or seven subgenomic mRNAs is formed in cells infected with different isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus" 77 : 1265-1270, 1996
252 You, J. H., "A model for the dynamic nuclear/nucleolar/cytoplasmic trafficking of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) nucleocapsid protein based on live cell imaging" 378 : 34-47, 2008
253 Sawicki, S. G., "A contemporary view of coronavirus transcription" 80 : 20-29, 2007
254 Seybert, A., "A complex zinc finger controls the enzymatic activities of nidovirus helicases" 79 : 696-704, 2005
255 Welch, S.K., "A brief review of CD163 and its role in PRRSV infection" 154 : 98-103, 2010
256 Wu, W. H., "A 10-kDa structural protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus encoded by ORF2b" 287 : 183-191, 2001
257 Snijder, E. J., "5'end of the equine arteritis virus replicase gene encodes a papainlike cysteine protease" 66 : 7040-7048, 1992
258 Dee, S., "4Evidence of long distance airborne transport of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae" 40 : 39-, 2009