신경과학적 자아관의 철학적 쟁점과 교육 = The self in Neuroscience: philosophical Issues and Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aimed to figure out the change of images in the concept of self throughout neuroscientific literatures, to analyse related philosophical issues, and to seek some educational implications. The result is as following. With the development of neuroscience, there has been some change in the image of human self. The concept was extended wide enough to include affective and nonconscious dimensions, and there were inclinations toward reductionism and anti- volition. Consequently, the philosophical issues of mereological fallacy, physical reductionism, and denial of free will had to been dealt with. Educationists should be aware of the results of philosophical debates regarding neuroscience. And we need to cope with the problems of neuromyths, nueromania, and neurophobia. We would better take the way for neurophilia.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 한정선, "철학적 인간상에 도전해오는 뇌과학의 쟁점들" 철학연구회 83 (83): 211-230, 2008

2 박주용, "자유의지에 대한 Libet의 연구와 후속 연구들- 신경과학적 발견이 형법에 주는 시사점을 중심으로 -" 법학연구소 52 (52): 477-510, 2011

3 이인식, "융합하면 미래가 보인다 : 세상을 움직이는 과학의 모든 것" 21세기북스 2014

4 Bennett, M. R., "신경과학의 철학 : 신경과학의 철학적 문제와 분석" 사이언스 북스 2013

5 노양진, "몸의 철학적 담론: 몸과 마음의 이원론을 넘어서" 철학연구소 3 (3): 31-58, 2004

6 McCarthy, C., "교육철학2-가치와 실천" 학지사 2013

7 Banks, W. P., "We Infer Rather Than Perceive the Moment We Decided to Act" 20 : 17-21, 2009

8 Soon, C. S., "Unconscious Determinants of Free Decisions in the Human Brain" 11 : 543-545, 2008

9 Libet, B., "Unconscious Cerebral Initiative and the Role of Conscious Will in Voluntary Action" 8 : 529-539, 1985

10 Rowson, J., "Transforming Behavior Change: Beyond Nudge and Neuromania" RSA

11 Spence, S. A., "Towards a Functional Anatomy of Volition" 6 : 11-28, 1999

12 Libet, B., "Time of Conscious Intention to Act in Relation to Onset of Cerebral Activity(Readiness-Potential), The Unconscious Initiation of a Freely Voluntary Act" 106 (106): 623-642, 1983

13 Bargh, J. A., "The Unbearable Automaticity of Being" 54 (54): 462-479, 1999

14 Dennett, D. C., "The Self as a Responding-and Responsible-Artifact" 1001 : 39-50, 2003

15 Weisberg, D. S., "The Seductive Allure of Neuroscience Explanations" 20 (20): 470-477, 2008

16 Gazzaniga, M., "The Scocial Brain" Free Press 1985

17 Blakemore, C., "The Mind Machine" BBC Publications 1988

18 Blakemore, S-J., "The Implications of Recent Developments in Neuroscience for Research on Teaching and Learning" Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience 2000

19 Wegner, D., "The Illusion of Conscious Will" MIT Press 2002

20 Damasio, A., "The Feeling of What Happens : Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness" Harcourt 1999

21 Ryle, G., "The Concept of Mind" Barnes & Noble 1949

22 Banks, W. P., "The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness" Blackwell 2007

23 Greene, J. D., "The Bases of Cognitive Conflict and Control in Moral Judgment" 44 : 389-400, 2004

24 Crick, F., "The Astonishing Hypothesis" Touchstone 1995

25 LeDoux, J., "Synaptic Self : How Our Brains Become Who We Are" Penguin Books 2002

26 Rizzolatti, G., "Resonance Behaviors and Mirror Neurons" 137 : 85-100, 1999

27 Young, J. Z., "Programs of the Brain" Oxford University Press 1978

28 Wittgenstein, L., "Philosophical Investigations" Blackwell 1953

29 Crick, F., "Of Molecules and Men" University of Washington Press 1966

30 Dennett, D. C., "Neuroscience and Philosophy: Brain, Mind, and Language" Columbia University Press 73-95, 2003

31 Bennett, M. R., "Neuroscience and Philosophy: Brain, Mind, and Language" Columbia University Press 127-162, 2003

32 Geake, J., "Neuromyths in Education" 50 (50): 123-133, 2008

33 Narvaez, D., "Moral Development and Behavior under the Spotlight of the Neurobiological Sciences" 37 : 289-312, 2008

34 Blakemore, C., "Mechanics of the Mind" Cambridge University Press 1977

35 Bechara, A., "Insensitivity to Future Consequences Following Damage to Human Prefrontal Cortex" 50 (50): 7-15, 1994

36 Greene, J., "How(and Where)Does Moral Judgment Work?" 6 (6): 517-523, 2002

37 Libet, B., "How Does Conscious Experience Arise? The Neural Time Factor" 50 : 339-340, 1999

38 Kornhuber, H., "Hirnpotentialanderungen bei Willkurbewegungen und passiven Bewegungen des Menschen : Bereitschaftspotential und reafferente Potentiale" 284 : 1-17, 1965

39 Tancredi, L., "Hardwired Behavior: What Neuroscience Reveals about Morality" Cambridge University Press 2005

40 Greene, J., "From Neural ‘Is’ to Moral ‘Ought’ : What are the Moral Implications of Neuroscientific Moral Psychology?" 4 : 847-850, 2003

41 Dennett, D. C., "Freedom Evolves" Allen Lane 2003

42 Churchland, P. M., "Eliminative Materialism and the Propositional Attitudes" 78 (78): 67-90, 1981

43 Libet, B., "Do We Have Free Will?" 6 (6): 45-57, 1999

44 Damasio, A., "Descartes’ Error : Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain" Penguin Books 1994

45 Koenigs, M., "Damage to the Prefrontal Cortex Increases Utilitarian Moral Judgements" 446 : 908-911, 2007

46 McGinn, C., "Can We Solve the Mind-Body Problem?" 98 (98): 349-366, 1989

47 Edelman, G., "Bright Air, Brilliant Fire—On the Matter of the Mind" Penguin 1994

48 Bargh, J. A., "Beyond Behaviorism : On the Automaticity of Higher Mental Processes" 126 (126): 925-945, 2000

49 Greene, J. D., "An fMRI Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgment" 293 : 2105-2108, 2001

50 Panksepp, J., "Affective Neuroscience : The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions" Oxford University Press 1998

51 Gallese, V., "Action Recognition in the Premotor Cortex" 119 : 593-609, 1996

52 Churchland, P. M., "A Companion to the Philosophy of Mind" Blackwell 308-316, 1994