충북지역 중북부 중산간지 벼 출수생태형별 적응성 검토 = Studies on Adaptability by Rice Heading Ecology Type in the Central Northern Mid-Mountainous Cultivation Zone of Chungbuk Region

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 지구온난화에 의해 기온이 상승하여 조생종을 주로 재배하는 중북부중산간지대에 중생종과 중만생종의 적응성을 검토하기 위해서 출수생태형별로 이앙시기를 달리해서 조생종 오대, 중생종 청품, 중만생종 삼광을 제천의 농가포장에서 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 벼 생육에 영향을 미치는 기상요소 중 평균기온은 2010년대에 8월까지는 가장 높았고, 다른 시기보다 월별로 0.7~0.9℃가 높았으며, 일조시간은 장마, 태풍 등으로 인한 기상이변으로 가장 낮은 수준이었다. 2. 지난 35년간 오대의 지역적응시험 결과 출수기는 점점 빨라지고 있으며, 이앙부터 출수기까지 재배일수가 짧아져 간장과 수수가 감소되었다. 과거보다 등숙률은 최대 10%, 천립중은 2 g 이상 증가되었으나, 품질과 직결되는 출수 후 40일간 평균기온은 많게는 2℃ 이상 증가되었다. 3. 제천지역 안전출수한계기는 출수 후 40일간 적산온도 880℃ 기준으로는 8월 11일, 840℃ 기준으로는 8월 15일로 분석되었다. 4. 이앙시기별 출수생태형에 따라 생육은 비슷하였으나 이앙시기별 최고, 최저 수준을 비교한 등숙률은 조생종 6.5%, 중생종 3.7%, 중만생종 2.5% 높았다. 쌀수량은 조생종 83 kg, 중생종 113 kg, 중만생종 47 kg 많았으며, 완전미율은 조생종 17.8%, 중생종 3.2%, 중만생종 5.0% 높았다. 5. 중북부중산간지에서 안전출수한계기 및 완전미수량을 고려한 이앙시기는 조생종은 6월 15일, 중생종은 6월 5일, 중만생종은 5월 25일이었으며, 본 시험 지역(IV-1)에서도 온난화로 인해 중생종과 중만생종이 안정적으로 재배될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In recent years, air temperature has been increasing rapidly compared to the 1980s because of global warming. This increase in temperature reduces the yield and quality of rice; therefore, measures are needed to prevent such effects and ensure food security. The early maturing type (EMT) of rice is mainly cultivated in the central northern mid-mountainous area (CNMA). This study was conducted to shift the transplanting date of EMT and to examine the adaptability of the mid-maturing type (MMT) or mid-late maturing type (MLMT) in the Jecheon region of the CNMA to address global warming. The air temperature increased by 0.7-0.9℃ in the 2010s, compared to that in the 1980s, and was similar to other decades during the ripening period. Over the past 35 years, considering rice quality, the heading date of the Odae variety has arrived sooner by approximately 10 days, the ripened grain ratio has increased by more than 10%, and the thousand grain weight; however, the mean temperature at 40 days after heading has increased by more than 2℃. The late marginal heading date in the Jecheon region was determined as August 11 based on the accumulated temperature of 880℃ and August 15 based on 840℃ for 40 days after heading. According to different transplanting dates, milled rice yield per 10 a was the highest at 567 kg with June 10 in EMT, 595 kg with June 10 in MMT, and 572 kg with May 30 in MLMT. Considering the late marginal heading date, rice yield, and quality, the optimum transplanting date was June 15 in EMT, June 5 in MMT, and May 30 in MLMT in the Jecheon region of CNMA. Owing to global warming, MMT and MLMT are expected to be reliably cultivated in the CNMA.

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