국제해사기구 해사안전규정의 새로운 제정방향에 대한 연구 = New Regulatory Formulation Approaches for IMO Maritime Safety Regulations

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present SOLAS Convention has maintained safety regulations in a largely prescriptive form and this has become overly prescriptive now. The prescriptive rules do not properly reflect technical advances and changing environments in the maritime sector in a timely manner. The purpose of this study is to provide preliminary research to lay a foundation for the development of a new regulatory framework based on safety performance which is not a prescriptive rule making bases. This study reviewed the concept and characteristics of a minimum requirement, the implications of safety regulations in terms of strategic, commercial and technical aspects, the compensative correlation between constructional requirements and operational measures, the concept of safety with regard to final stage confirmation of functions, expansion of implementers and objects of safety regulations, and the balance between safety and environmental protection requirements. Based on these research, 10 principles for the rule formulation process has been suggested such as consideration on the hardware requirements and software requirement, the multi-stage approval concept, new safety concerns for complex shipboard systems, considerations on the human element, regulatory impact assessments and measures to reduce administrative burdens.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

현행 SOLAS 협약은 기존의 규범적 기술 형식의 규정으로 규범적이다. 규범적인 규정은 해상 운송수단의 기술적 진보와 변화된 상황을 시기적절하게 반영하지 못한다. 이 연구에서는 규범적인 방식의 안전규정이 아닌 안전성능기반의 해사안전규정을 제정하기 위해 고려되어야 할 사항들을 제시하여 해사안전규정의 제정방향 설정을 위한 선행연구로서의 역할을 하고자 한다. 연구의 방법으로는 최소기준에 대한 개념과 특성, 규정이 가지는 상업적, 기술적 및 전략적 특성, 구조적인 요건과 운항 요건의 상호보완 관계, 하드웨어 요건을 충족하기 위한 최종기능에 대한 요건, 안전규정의 시행 주체 및 대상의 재확인 및 안전규정과 환경규정의 충돌로 인한 모순에 관한 문제점들을 검토하였다. 이를 바탕으로 하드웨어적 요건과 소프트웨어적 요건의 고려, 다단계 승인 프로세스, 복잡한 시스템에 대한 새 안전요건, 인적요인의 고려, 규정영향 평가, 행정부담의 경감을 위한 안전기준 같은 해사안전협약 제정 및 개정 시 고려하여야 사항 10가지 원칙을 제시하였다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Squire, D., "The Human Element in Shipping, CBE, FNI, Published in The International Maritime Human Element Bulletin" 1-20, 2004

2 IMO, "Resolution MSC.287(87), Adoption of the International Goal-Based Ship Construction Standards for Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers (Tier I Goals)"

3 IMO, "Res. MSC 296(87), Adoption of the Guidelines for the Verification of Conformity with Goal-based Ship Construction Standards for Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers"

4 IMO, "Res. A. 1043 Periodic review of administrative requirements in mandatory IMO instruments"

5 IACS, "Recommendation No. 9 Guidelines for Assessing the Application of Ergonomics to the Development Process of Shipboard Complex Systems"

6 IACS, "Recommendation No. 10 Guidance for Approval of Marine Equipment based on Ergonomic Principles"

7 IMO, "MSC.1/Circ.1512 Guidelines on Software Quality Assurances and Human-Centred Design for E-Navigation"

8 IMO, "MSC.1/Circ.1455 Guidelines for the approval of alternatives and equivalents as provided for in various IMO instruments (Para. 1.2.4)"

9 IMO, "MSC.1/Circ.1394/Rev.1, Generic Guidelines for Developing IMO Goal-Based Standards"

10 IMO, "MSC-MEPC.2/Circ.13 Guidelines for the Application of HEAP Process"

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12 IMO, "MSC-MEPC.1/Circ.4/Rev.4 Guidelines on the Organization and Method of Work, Annex 5 Checklist for identifying administrative requirements and burdens"

13 ISO, "ISO/TR 16982:2002, Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Usability methods supporting human-centred design"

14 ISO, "ISO 17984:2005, General principles for the development and use of PES in marine applications"

15 IACS, "IACS Objectives, Strategy and Action Plan (2014-2015)" 2014

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17 EU, "EU Funded ATMOS, Development of Advanced Technology Systems for Future Ships, The results of Project" 2005

18 "Definition described in IMO"

19 Pomeroy, R. V., "A Systems Approach to Integrating the Human Element into Marine Engineering Systems"