발전(發電)의 믿음, 발전(發展)의 욕망: 물신숭배의 관점에서 본 한국사회의 원자력 낙관주의 = The Belief in Nuclear Power Generation, The Desire for Economic Development: Optimism on Atomic Energy in Korean Society in View of Fetishism Theory

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Korean general public knows very well about dangerousness of nuclear power, but still, they maintain an optimistic attitude toward nuclear energy after the ``Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Disaster``. This article defines as ``The Optimism on Atomic Energy`` such a social phenomenon, and analysis it critically in terms of fetishistic belief. To this end, at first we reviewed Takashi Nagai`s life and thought as a model example of optimism on atomic energy in the second section. Above all, we paid attention to his three identities to be called an atomic scientist, Catholic and subjects of Japanese empire to determine what made his optimistic belief in nuclear power. His case offered us important two clues. Firstly, It goes to show that cause of his optimistic belief in nuclear power not in the nuclear power itself but in his religious and ideological desires for something different. Secondly, the nuclear power exposed as a ``fetish`` that some kinds of desire and fantasy made, which had already before the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, and had been strengthened taking that opportunity. The next thing, in the third section we researched change of ``the public acceptance of nuclear power`` after ``the Fukushima`` in Korean society. Many researches and studies performed after ``the Fukushima`` showed that while the Korean general public indirectly experienced disaster of ``the Fukushima``, they still maintain an optimistic attitude toward nuclear energy. Therefore, we pointed out that the optimism on atomic energy in Korean society after ``the Fukushima`` made fetishistic belief in the economic efficiency of nuclear power, and then suppressed dangerousness of nuclear energy and various social sufferings deeply involved with nuclear power. In the fourth section, we considered that what logical structure fetishistic belief has internally, specifying ``the optimism on atomic energy`` into a discussion on ``the fetishistic belief`` that can be compared to religious belief. Also the optimism on atomic energy can be interpreted in terms of fetishism, because nuclear energy is considered as vital energy and be unquestioningly accepted among the people for the sole reason it has the highest economic efficiency. In addition, we explained what the way that approach to ``the optimism on atomic energy`` in terms of ``fetishistic belief`` means to theological studies or religious studies, focusing on the imagination or the appearance of the kernel in Marx`s theory of commodity fetishism. Finally, in the fifth section we demonstrated that the reason, of which the Korean general public shows fetishistic attitude in dealing with the discourse on economics of nuclear energy, is, optimism of nuclear power closely correspond to their own unconscious desires for development. In conclusion, we reconfirmed that optimism of nuclear power is ``the objective thought forms`` in the developmental capitalism. Thus unless we transform current our own social relations that structuring developmental capitalism, we will never remove optimism of nuclear power that the Korean general public has under any circumstance.