신국 일본의 이미지 변천사 -중세 일본의 국토 표상과 관련하여- = A History of the Image of Japan as the country of god : concerning an Emblem of the National Territory in the medieval Japan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This is a study to examine the process in which the emblem of ``the country of god``, a widely-used emblem as a pronoun of Japan, has its roots in ancient times, and especially, it has formed itself after the Mongolian invasions in the medieval Japan. Since then, the idea of ``the country of god`` has gone through incessant interpretations and metamorphoses so that it came to be associated with the emperor system by Shinto, the national religion of Japan, and in the middle of the Pacific War, functioned as a living myth as shown in the extreme example of the Kamikaze suicide pilots. Actually, up to the defeat in the war, the government-designated textbooks of Japan specified Japan as ``the country of god`` as if it were natural. As for the reason why it deserved to be called ``the country of god``, they backed up their claim by explaining that the territory of Japan is protected by gods including Amaterasu, the sun-god; as a descendant of the god of heaven, the Japanese emperor himself is a god; and related to Shintoism, there exist shrines throughout Japan. The much popularized notion of ``Japan as the country of god`` should not be much different from this stereotyped image which has been reproduced since the modern era. But the present study aims to elucidate that the idea and image of ``Japan as the country of god`` are never a spontaneous nor self-evident phenomenon. Among a variety of images unfolded at the time when the idea of ``the country of god`` was being shaped in the medieval Japan of the 13th to 14th century, this study mainly focuses on the phases of its development in association with the emblem of national territory. As the discovery of the national territory served as a momentum to have a strong sense of awareness of the outside, ``the country of god`` not only signified Japan`s own image but inevitably came to imply a potential to emerge as an East Asian issue.

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