토양 , 수(水) , 농작물중에 있어서 잔류농약분석을 위한 수증기 증류법의 응용에 관한 연구 = Studies on the Application of Steam Distillation for the Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Soil , Water and Crops

국문 초록 (Abstract)

土壤, 水, 農作物중 殘留하는 各種 農藥의 分析을 위한 水蒸氣蒸溜法의 應用性 및 精密度등에 대하여 硏究檢討하였다.
水蒸氣蒸溜에 의하여 抽出이 可能했던 農藥은 PCNB, α-BHC, β-endosulfan, IBP, diazinon, fenitrothion, fenthion, alachlor, butachlor, pretilachlor, metolachlor, pendimethalin, benthiocarb, molinate등이었으며 simazine, atrazine, nitrofen등은 不可能하였다. 農藥의 蒸溜까지 要하는 溜出液量은 農藥의 種類에 따라 크게 달랐으며, 一定量의 溜出液을 取한 후 冷却管을 acetone으로 씻어 줌으로써 蒸溜時間을 短縮시킬 수 있었다. 水蒸氣蒸溜法은 小量의 有機溶媒로 農藥의 抽出이 可能했으며, 分析對象物質에 따라서는 機器分析時 妨害物質이 檢定되기는 했지만 많은 경우 濃縮과 精製過程을 省略할 수도 있어 매우 有用한 方法이라 하겠다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Application of steam distillation on the analysis of pesticide residue in soil, water and crops was studied using the nitrogen distillation apparatus. Most pesticides which were extracted by organic solvents could be analyzed by the steam distillation method. For instance, distillations of PCNB, γ-BHC, α-or β-endosulfan, IBP, diazinon, fenthion, fenitrothion, alachlor, butachlor, pretilachlor, metolachlor, pendimethalin, benthiocarb and molinate were possible, but not simazine, atrazine and nitrofen. The optimum volume of distillate for a sufficient extraction of pesticide varied according to kind of pesticide. In general, the volume needed was little for carbamate, but much more for organochlorine. When the definite amount of distillate was obtained and then the condenser was washed by acetone, the optimum volume of distillate was less. Using the steam distillation method, the amount of organic solvent needed for one extraction of pesticide from soil, water and vegetable was less than the conventional solvent extraction method, and the analytical procedure became simpler. The process of concentration and clean up was mostly unnecessary, although a ghost peak was apparent in the gas chromatogram according to the kind of materials distilled.