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    1989/90년 독일통일 과정 시 서독 좌파의 비판과 대안들 = Criticisms and Alternatives from the Left during the Unification in 1989/1990

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=A104462918

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    Already in the 1980s most leftist politicians as well as critical intellectuals in West Germany shut the door on the idea of a German reunification based on the mobilization of people through nationalist sentiments and a national identity. They claimed fervently that with the looming idea of a unified Europe or a common European security system,the German Problem must be solved within these supra-national prospects in mind. These ideas had a significant influence on the plans and politics that West German political leaders carried out in the process of German Unification in 1989/1990.
    The West German leftists obviously were not able to accurately gauge contemporary conditions, specially the strong will of the East German people for the national unification, and they could not respond changes of the international and German constellations flexibly or practically. Buried on their own idea that the concept of a unified Europe and the overcoming of the German division must develop and grow together via a German confederation, they stubbornly held on the idea even when the two did not move forward with the same force or at the same pace. The SPD und the Green Party as well as critical intellectuals were unable to put forth practical suggestions and countermeasures at the right times.
    When we look at Germany today, 20 years since its reunification and choose to focus on the problems of unification through absorption, it is important to recall the warning the West German leftists continuously have emphasized, which was that the “Goliath West Germany” should not lopsidedly ‘tutor’ “David East Germany”. The critism and alternatives from the West-German Left during the unification in 1989/90 would be taken count of as important historical experiences for the reflection on a more democratic process and form of the national unification.
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    Already in the 1980s most leftist politicians as well as critical intellectuals in West Germany shut the door on the idea of a German reunification based on the mobilization of people through nationalist sentiments and a national identity. They claime...

    Already in the 1980s most leftist politicians as well as critical intellectuals in West Germany shut the door on the idea of a German reunification based on the mobilization of people through nationalist sentiments and a national identity. They claimed fervently that with the looming idea of a unified Europe or a common European security system,the German Problem must be solved within these supra-national prospects in mind. These ideas had a significant influence on the plans and politics that West German political leaders carried out in the process of German Unification in 1989/1990.
    The West German leftists obviously were not able to accurately gauge contemporary conditions, specially the strong will of the East German people for the national unification, and they could not respond changes of the international and German constellations flexibly or practically. Buried on their own idea that the concept of a unified Europe and the overcoming of the German division must develop and grow together via a German confederation, they stubbornly held on the idea even when the two did not move forward with the same force or at the same pace. The SPD und the Green Party as well as critical intellectuals were unable to put forth practical suggestions and countermeasures at the right times.
    When we look at Germany today, 20 years since its reunification and choose to focus on the problems of unification through absorption, it is important to recall the warning the West German leftists continuously have emphasized, which was that the “Goliath West Germany” should not lopsidedly ‘tutor’ “David East Germany”. The critism and alternatives from the West-German Left during the unification in 1989/90 would be taken count of as important historical experiences for the reflection on a more democratic process and form of the national unification.

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    참고문헌 (Reference)

    1 J. Habermas, "하버마스 한국방문 7강의. 현대성의 새로운 지평" 1996

    2 "유럽통합과 독일의 분단, 통일 경험에 비추어 본 한국의 통일과제와 동아시아 공동체 구상" 한국외국어대학교 106-111, 2009

    3 이동기, "서독 68운동과 독일정책: 민족좌파로서의 신좌파?" 한국독일사학회 (17) : 65-110, 2009

    4 이동기, "독일 분단과 통일과정에서의 탈민족 담론과 정치" 2 : 162-192, 2009

    5 Viel Gefühl, "wenig Bewusstsein. Spiegel-Gespräch mit Günter Grass über die Wiedervereinigung" 20 : 75-80, 1989

    6 Dirk Rochtus, "Zwischen Realität und Utopie. Das Konzept des »dritten Weges« in der DDR 1989/90" 1999

    7 Dirk Rochtus, "Welche Umstände verhinderten die Verwirklichung des Dritten Weges, Wir sind das Volk? Ostdeutsche Bürgerrechtsbewegungen und die Wende" 97-109, 2001

    8 Helmut Kohl, "Vom Mauerfall zur Wiedervereinigung" Meine Erinnerungen 2009

    9 Peter Merseburger, "Visionär und Realist" 844-, 2002

    10 Michael Gorbatschow, "Umgestaltung und neues Denken für unser Land und für die ganze Welt" 257-258, 1988

    1 J. Habermas, "하버마스 한국방문 7강의. 현대성의 새로운 지평" 1996

    2 "유럽통합과 독일의 분단, 통일 경험에 비추어 본 한국의 통일과제와 동아시아 공동체 구상" 한국외국어대학교 106-111, 2009

    3 이동기, "서독 68운동과 독일정책: 민족좌파로서의 신좌파?" 한국독일사학회 (17) : 65-110, 2009

    4 이동기, "독일 분단과 통일과정에서의 탈민족 담론과 정치" 2 : 162-192, 2009

    5 Viel Gefühl, "wenig Bewusstsein. Spiegel-Gespräch mit Günter Grass über die Wiedervereinigung" 20 : 75-80, 1989

    6 Dirk Rochtus, "Zwischen Realität und Utopie. Das Konzept des »dritten Weges« in der DDR 1989/90" 1999

    7 Dirk Rochtus, "Welche Umstände verhinderten die Verwirklichung des Dritten Weges, Wir sind das Volk? Ostdeutsche Bürgerrechtsbewegungen und die Wende" 97-109, 2001

    8 Helmut Kohl, "Vom Mauerfall zur Wiedervereinigung" Meine Erinnerungen 2009

    9 Peter Merseburger, "Visionär und Realist" 844-, 2002

    10 Michael Gorbatschow, "Umgestaltung und neues Denken für unser Land und für die ganze Welt" 257-258, 1988

    11 Daniel Friedrich Sturm, "Sowjetischer als die Sowjets?, Die Sozialdemokratie und ihre Haltung zu den außenpolitischen Aspekte der Vereinigung Deutschlands 1990" 38 : 799-805, 2005

    12 Heribert Schwan, "Rolf Steininger, Helmut Kohl. Virtuose der Macht" 2010

    13 Michael Gorbatschow, "Perestroika. Die zweite russische Revolution. Eine neue Politik für Europa und die Welt" 259-262, 1987

    14 Hans-Jochen Vogel, "Nachsichten. Meine Bonner und Berliner Jahre" 311-313, 1996

    15 Horst Ehmke, "Mittendrin. Von der Großen Koalition zur Deutschen Einheit" 404-, 1994

    16 Günter Grass, "Lastenausgleich. Rede auf dem Parteitag der SPD in Berlin, 18. Dezember 1989, Deutscher Lastenausgleich. Wider das dumpfe Einheitsgebot. Reden und Gespräche" 7-, 1990

    17 G. Grass, "Kurze Rede eines vaterlandslosen Gesellen, Ein Schnäppchen namens DDR. Letzte Reden vorm Glockengeläut" 10-12, 1990

    18 Harro Zimmermann, "Günter Grass unter den Deutschen. Chronik eines Verhältnisses" 478-485, 2006

    19 Markus Driftmann, "Gelobt wird aus den falschen Gründen. Helmut Kohl und die deutsche Wiedervereinigung" 39 : 868-875, 2006

    20 Konstanze Borchert, "Für unser Land, Eine Aufrufaktion im letzten Jahr der DDR" 1994

    21 Konstanze Borchert, "Für unser Land, Eine Aufrufaktion im letzten Jahr der DDR" 1994

    22 Walter Stelzle, "Föderalismus und Eigenstaatlichkeit. Aspekte der bayerischen Innenund Außenpolitik 1945–1947. Ein Beitrag zur Staatsideologie" 1980

    23 Hans Ehard, "Freiheit und Föderalismus" 1947

    24 Helmut Kohl, "Erinnerungen 1982–1990" 2005

    25 Wilfried Loth, "Erfolg im Scheitern. Michail Gorbatschow, die deutsche Einheit und das neue Europa" Essen 21-36, 2000

    26 Antje Vollmer im Gespräch mit Hans Werner Kilz, "Eingewandert ins eigene Land. Was von Rot-Grün bleibt" 88-89, 2006

    27 G. Grass, "Dokument: Günter Grass gegen das Einheitsgeschrei, Die Tageszeitung, 12.1990, Die deutsche Vereinigung. Dokumente zu Bürgerbewegung, Annäherung und Beitritt" 125-128, 1991

    28 Alexander von Plato, "Die Vereinigung Deutschlands - ein weltpolitisches Machtspiel. Bush, Kohl, Gorbatschow und die geheimen Moskauer Protokolle" 275-393, 2000

    29 Wilfried Loth, "Die Sowjetunion und das Ende der DDR, Weg in den Untergang: Der innere Zerfall der DDR" Göttingen 119-152, 1999

    30 Mike Schmeitzer, "Die SPD und die deutsche Frage 1989/90, Revolution und Vereinigung 1989/90. Als in Deutschland die Realität die Phantasie überholte" 402-418, 2009

    31 Roger Engelmann, "Die Intellektuellen, die friedliche Revolution und die Debatte und die Vereinigung, Revolution und Vereinigung" 386-401, 1990

    32 Wolfgang Jäger, "Die Intellektuellen und die deutsche EInheit" 1997

    33 Ludger Volmer, "Die Grünen und die Außenpolitik – ein schwieriges Verhältnis" 1998

    34 Peter H. Merkl, "Die Entstehung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland" 37-45, 1963

    35 Wolfgang Seiffert, "Die Deutschen und Gorbatschow. Chancen für einen Interessenausgleich" 52-, 1989

    36 Die SPD, "Die Deutschen in Europa. Berliner Erklärung der Sozialdemokratischen Partei Deutschlands" 1-, 1989

    37 Jochen Huhn, "Die Aktualität der Geschichte. Die westdeutsche Föderalismusdiskussion 1945-1949, Föderalismus in Deutschland. Traditionen und gegenwärtige Probleme" 31-53, 1992

    38 Rudolf Augstein, "Deutschland einig Vaterland? Ein Streitgespräch" 49-90, 1990

    39 Oskar Lafontaine, "Deutsche Wahrheiten. Die nationale und soziale Frage" 1990

    40 Roland Wünsch, "Das Ende der Alternative. Die Grünen in der Wiedervereinigung" 136-137, 1995

    41 Jan-Werner Müller, "Another Country. Germans Intellectuals, Unification and National Identity" 2000

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    2022-01-01 등재 등재학술지 유지 (재인증) KCI등재
    2019-01-01 등재 등재학술지 선정 (계속평가) KCI등재
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