바이오에탄올 보급에 대한 사회적 수용성 분석: 바이오에탄올 원료 속성을 중심으로 = Impact of Various Feedstock Attributes on the Social Acceptance on Bioethanol Promotion in South Korea

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 선택실험법을 이용하여 바이오에탄올 원료유형, 바이오에탄올 혼합율, 바이오에탄올 비용, 정부지원 정책과 같은 속성들이 바이오에탄올 보급정책에 대한 사회적 수용성에 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 바이오에탄올 속성 계수를 추정하기 위해 조건부로짓모형, 혼합로짓모형, 개별계수추정모형을 적용하였다. 추정 결과에 따르면, 소비자들은 국산원료와 비식량원료를 사용한 바이오에탄올을 선호하고 지원정책 가운데는 면세정책을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 혼합로짓모형과 개별계수추정모형에 의하면 모든 속성들이 관찰불가능한 이질성을 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 속성별 지불용의액을 추정한 결과, 유전자조작기반 바이오 에탄올임을 사전에 인지한 응답자일수록 그렇지 못한 응답자보다 바이오에탄올에 대한 지불용의액이 더 낮게 나타났다. 추정결과를 종합하면, 우리나라에서 바이오에탄올을 보급하기 위해서는 국산원료 및 비식량원료에 기반한 바이오에탄올을 중점적으로 보급해야 하고, 특히 유전자 조작 기반 바이오에탄올에 대한 수용성이 낮게 나타나므로 보급시 이를 충분히 고려해야 할 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study uses a choice experiment approach to examine whether different types of feedstocks as well as other attributes such as the cost of bioethanol, bioethanol blending ratio, and government support policies affect consumers’ biofuel preferences. We apply a standard conditional logit model, a mixed logit model (MLM), and individual coefficient estimation model (ICM) to estimate the parameters of the investigated attributes. The results show that people prefer domestic and non-food feedstock, along with tax exemption as a support policy. All the attributes show unobservable preference heterogeneity in the MLM and ICM. In particular, willingness to pay for attributes are higher in the genetically modified (GM) feedstock-unknown group than in the known one. We show the importance of using domestic and non-food feedstocks and managing GM feedstocks carefully to avoid consumer resistance when producing bioethanol in South Korea.

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