Learning from media : arguments, analysis, and evidence

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Preface / Richard E. Clark = ⅸ
• 1. Media Are "Mere Vehicles" : The Opening Argument / Richard E. Clark = 1
• 2. Questioning the Meta-analyses of Computer-based Instruction Research / Richard E. Clark = 13
• 3. Why Should We Expect Media to Teach Anyone Anything? / Richard E. Clark ; Gavriel Salomon = 37
• 4. International Views of the Media Debate / Richard E. Clark ; Brenda M. Sugrue = 71
• 5. What About Multi-Media Effects on Learning? / Richard E. Clark ; Terry Craig = 89
• 6. Do Media Aid Critical Thinking, Problem Solving or "Learning to Learn"? / Richard E. Clark = 103
• 7. A Summary of the Disagreements with the "Mere Vehicles" Argument / Richard E. Clark = 125
• 8. Robert Kozma's Counterpoint Theory of "Learning With Media" / Robert B. Kozma = 137
• 9. Kozma Reframes and Extends His Counter Argument / Robert B. Kozma = 179
• 10. A Review of Kozma and Clark's Arguments / Gary R. Morrison = 199
• 11. The Media versus Methods Issue / Richard E. Clark = 205
• 12. Are Methods "Replaceable"? A Reply to Critics in the ETRD Special Issue on the Debate / Richard E. Clark = 219
• 13. New Directions : An Argument for Research-based Performance Technology / Richard E. Clark ; Fred Estes = 227
• 14. New Directions : How to Develop "Authentic Technologies" / Richard E. Clark ; Fred Estes = 241
• 15. New Directions : Cognitive and Motivational Research Issues / Richard E. Clark = 263
• 16. New Directions : Evaluating Distance Education Technologies / Richard E. Clark = 299
• 17. New Directions : Equivalent Evaluation of Instructional Media : The Next Round of Media Comparison Studies / Gary R. Morrison = 319
• 18. What Is Next In The Media and Methods Debate? / Richard E. Clark = 327
• Appendix : Richard Clark : A Biography / Michael Molenda = 339
• Index = 347