잔디 동전마름병의 발생정도가 다른 골프장 그린 조건에서 살균제 혼용살포에 의한 상승적 방제 효과 = Synergistic Interaction of Fungicides in Mixtures under Different Conditions of Dollar Spot Disease Caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F.T. Benn. is a common and economically important turfgrass disease in South Korea. Fungicides were evaluated for control of dollar spot in creeping bentgrass golf course putting green. Commercial formulations of propiconazole, thiophanate-methyl, chlorothalonil,trifloxystrobin and boscalid were applied to plots of creeping bentgrass, each of the latter four fungicides was tank mixed with propiconazole at the same rates, and applied as treatments. The dollar spot severity in the nontreated plots of field A and B progressed toward peak diseases of 18.3 and 66.7% from 10 or 15 days after inoculation,respectively. Significant differences were detected among control values of the fungicides. Dollar spot control provided by boscalid was significantly greater than the other fungicides which showed low control values in a higher disease condition. No synergistic interactions, except propiconazole + thiophanate-methyl treated plot, were detected under a lower disease pressure. However, under a higher disease pressure, synergism was observed at all fungicide combinations, except a propiconazole and boscalid tank mixture. These data suggest turfgrass managers in golf course can take advantage of fungicide synergism to control dollar spot using the products and rates in this study

국문 초록 (Abstract)

Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F.T. Bennett에 의한 동전마름병은 우리나라에서 가장 흔하며 경제적으로 매우 중요한 잔디병이다. 크리핑벤트그래스로 조성된 골프장 그린에서propiconazole, thiophanate-methyl, chlorothalonil, trifloxystrobin,boscalid를 이용하여 방제효과를 평가하였다. 또한 propiconazole 과 다른 4개의 약제를 각각 혼용하여 단용처리구 대비 상승효과를 조사하였다. 동전마름병은 2개 포장의 무처리구에서 각각 평균 18.3, 66.7%의 발생을 보였다. 약제의 약효는 병 발생정도에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 살균제를 단독으로 처리하였을 때 방제 효과는 발병도가 높았을 때보다 낮았을 때 우수하였다. 처리된 살균제 중 boscalid의 효과가 가장 높았다. 살균제 혼용처리구에서는 propiconazole + thiophanate-methyl 처리구를 제외하고 단독처리구 대비상승효과가 발견되었으나, 2개 포장 모두 혼용처리구 사이에 통계적인 유의성은 발견되지 않았다. 따라서 현장에서 동전마름병 방제 시 병 발생 조건에 따라 방제전략을달리해야 할 것으로 보여진다

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Chang, S.W., "Vegetative compatibility grouping of Sclerotiniahomoeocarpa isolates infecting turfgrass in South Korea" 25 (25): 171-176, 2011

2 Koch, P.L, "Thiophanatemethyl and propiconazole sensitivity in Sclerotinia homoeocarpa populations from golf courses in Wisconsin and Massachusetts" 93 : 100-105, 2009

3 Gisi, U., "Synergistic interaction of fungicides in mixtures" 86 : 1273-1279, 1996

4 Couch, H. B, "Synergistic and antagonistic interactions of fungicides against Pythium aphanidermatum on perennial ryegrass" 10 : 386-390, 1991

5 DeWaard, M.A, "Synergism and antagonism in fungicide mixtures containing sterol demethylation inhibitors" 86 : 1280-1283, 1996

6 SAS Institute Inc., "SAS/STAT User' Guide, Version 7-1" SAS Institute 1999

7 Detweiler, A. R., "Resistance of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa to iprodione and benomyl" 67 : 627-630, 1983

8 Latin, R., "Residual efficacy of fungicides for control of dollar spot in creeping bentgrass" 90 : 571-575, 2006

9 Warren, C.G, "Relative fitness of benzimidazole-tolerant and cadmiumtolerant populations of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa in absence and presence of fungicides" 67 : 704-708, 1977

10 Burpee, L., "Reassessment of fungicide synergism for control of dollar spot" 92 : 601-606, 2008

11 Jo, Y.K, "Rapid development of fungicide resistance by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa on turfgrass" 98 : 1297-1304, 2008

12 Kosman, E., "Procedures for calculating and differentiating synergism and antagonism in action of fungicide mixtures" 86 : 1263-1272, 1996

13 Nash, R.G, "Phytotoxic interaction studies-techniques for evaluation and presentation of results" 29 : 147-155, 1981

14 him, G.Y., "Occurrence of dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa in turfgrass of golf course in Korea" 14 (14): 241-250, 2000

15 Shim, G.Y., "Occurrence of chemical resistance and control of dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa in turfgrass of golf course in Kora" 15 (15): 1-8, 2001

16 Putnam, A.I., "Geographic distribution of fungicide- insensitive Sclerotinia homoeocarpa isolates from golf courses in the northern United States" 94 : 186-195, 2010

17 Smith, J.D., "Fungal diseases of amenity turf grasses" E and F. N. Spon 1989

18 Cole, H.B., "Evidence of differing tolerances to fungicides among isolates of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa" 58 : 683-686, 1968

19 Couch, H.B., "Diseases of turfgrasses, 3rd ed" Krieger Publishing Co. 1995

20 Gowing, D. P., "Comments on tests of herbicide mixtures" 8 : 379-391, 1960

21 Couch, H.B, "Better dollar spot control with less fungicide" 70 : 89-93, 2002

22 장석원, "Antagonistic Effects of Pseudomonas spp. against Turfgrass Pathogenic Soil Fungi" 한국잔디학회 23 (23): 209-218, 2009