韓國綜合貿易商社의 實態와 問題點에 관한 硏究 = (A) Study on the Current Situations and Problem of General Trading Companies in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Our government selected Japanese total companies as a modle in 1975 and introduced a general trading company system into Korea, which has been contributing greatly to Korea's export increase according to the export drive policy of the government with alteration of designated requirments every year. To take a look at the actual export results of the general trading companies, It shows 52% of the overall export with the total amount of one hundred twenty-five billion dollars in 1983. However, to analysize sales composition oi the general trading companies, export attained overwhelming superiority with 80.9% gross sales, while they play a role only as general trading companies with 13% in import and 6.1% in domestic and overseas trade in opinion from diversification of business function.
There is a wide gap in comparison with sales composition which the Japanese total companies had in 1981 with 41.4% in their domestic sales, 24% in import, 21.2% in export, and 13.4% in overseas trade. With reference to the capital component ratio the owned capital ratio with 12.5% in the gross capital remains much below 15%, which are the owned capital guiding ratio of the Bank Inspection Board. The ratio of liabilities is 695.1% and much higher than 400-500% in the common enterprises. Due to such a poor financial structure, we can see that the general trading companies do not carry out their function satisfactorily.
Accordingly, export in our country at present is on the way of radical reform from the principal aim of light industry goods to the heavy chemical industry goods, but is placed under situations that are chased hard by developing countries such as Thail and, the Philippines, etc. in the field of light industry. The time that the export of cheap products at low wages in the past has been already elapsed. Now the products must be made high quality with further technical development now, which the general trading companies shall take charge of such a role. Problems such as whole hearted devotion to one side of export increase, representing export window relation with small and medium enterprises and also internal management of business shall be improved by stages steadily. Furthermore, it is suggested that an image as Koreanic general trading companies shall be established to be suitable for Korean economic postulate based on the whole function of the general trading companies.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次
• Ⅰ. 序論 = 7
• 1. 硏究의 目的 = 7
• 2. 硏究의 方法과 範圍 = 9
• Ⅱ. 綜合貿易商社의 本質과 機能 = 11
• 1. 綜合貿易商社의 本質 = 11
• 2. 綜合商社와 多國籍金業 = 17
• 3. 綜合貿易商社의 機能 = 20
• 가. 基本的機能 = 22
• 나. 追加的機能 = 26
• Ⅲ. 綜合貿易商社의 指定要件 = 32
• 1. 指定要件의 變遷과 現指定要件 = 32
• 2. 指定의 現況 = 38
• Ⅳ. 綜合貿易商社의 實態 = 40
• 1. 綜合貿易商社의 組織實態 = 40
• 가. 經營組織의 實態 = 40
• 나. 從業員構成의 實態 = 47
• 다. 海外組織의 實態 = 48
• 2. 綜合貿易商社의 去來實態 = 56
• 가. 輪出入去來의 實態 = 56
• 나. 國內 및 三國間去來의 實態 = 71
• 3. 資金과 金融의 實態 = 73
• Ⅴ. 綜合貿易商社의 問題點 = 77
• 1. 外部的인 制度上의 問題點 = 78
• 가. 輪出增六-邊倒의 問題 = 78
• 나. 輪出代行窓口役割의 問題 = 78
• 다. 綜合貿易商社의 適正數問題 = 79
• 라. 中小企業과의 關係問題 = 80
• 2. 內部的인 組織上의 問題點 = 81
• 가. 人事 및 組織面에서의 問題 = 81
• 나. 去來 및 「輸出마아케팅」면에서의 問題 = 82
• 다. 財務 및 會計面에서의 問題 = 83
• Ⅵ. 改善方案 = 84
• 1. 綜合的組織機能의 遂行 = 84
• 2. 生産과 輪出機能의 分離 = 85
• 3. 企業의 大型化와 少數精銳化 = 87
• 4. 公正한 商去來 秩序의 確立 = 88
• 5 . 經營의 合理化方案 = 88
• 가. 人事 및 組織면에서의 合理化方案 = 88
• 나. 去來 및 輸出「마아케팅」면에서의 合理化方案 = 90
• 다. 財務 및 會計면에서의 合理化方案 = 91
• Ⅶ. 結論 = 93
• 參考文獻 = 97
• SUMMARY = 100