Royal Jelly 生產 에 關한 比較試驗

李光夏 공주교육대학교 초등연구원 1975 公州敎大論叢 Vol.12 No.1

養蜂技術의 開發과 Roya Jelly의 用途가 多樣化됨에 따라 生產 方法이 많은 硏究가 繼績되고 있으나 Royal elly 生產 에 使用되는 Plastic製 王椀의 型에 따른 比較試驗과 採乳群을 新女王蜂과 舊女王蜂의 採乳成績을 比較試驗하였던 바 다음과 같은 結論을 얻을 수 있었다. 1. Plastic製 王椀의 V型과 U型에서 V型이 移虫에 對한 完成率은 優秀하였으나 群當 採乳量에는 有意性 이 없었다. 2. 採乳群외 新女王區와 舊女王區의 群當 採乳量은 舊女王區가 優勢하였다. 3. Royal Jelly 生產 에는 採乳群이 强群을 維持하면서 豊富한 蜜源이 있음으로 有利하다. 4. 無蜜期라 하더라도 補助飼糧으로 Royal Jelle 生產 은 可能하나 流蜜期보다 成績이 不皋하였다. 5. 舊女王區는 採乳時 分蜂熱의 發生으로 分蜂熱을 解消시키는데 는隘路点이 많았다, According to the development of the bee-culturing techni cs and the variety of using the royal-jelly, the methods of production of royal-jelly are studied in many ways. But the conclusions by comparative stndies on the production of royal-jelly by types of plastic queen cells with results of royal jelly of old and new queen bees in studied group of bees areas bollo ws: 1) Though the grating ratio is excellent in V and U type of plastic queen cells there was on differences in quantity of royal- jelly per group. 2) In the production of royal-jelly per group by old and new queen groups,there was more royal-jelly in old ones. 3) Bee groups to yield royal-jelly could keep a powerful gronp and they were more profitable with lots of honey plants. 4) Though royal-jelly could be yielded in non-honey seasons with the subsidiary feed supply, the result was more disadvantageous than rich honey plants ones. 5) Because of the fever which was attacked in dividing bee group, there were lots of dificulties to collect royal-jelly from old queen groups.

로열젤리 생산 효율 증대를 위한 봉군 종합관리 기술

김동원,최용수,강은진,박희근,박보선,올가프런제,박승환,이만영 한국양봉학회 2020 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

In order to increase the production of royal jelly, honeybee breed, high brood production (egg) of queen, and beekeeping management technique were involved in a complex type. The objective of this study was to increase the efficiency of royal jelly production by applying a beekeeping management technique suitable for the royal jelly production status in Korea. In the beekeeping management skills which is the most important factor in increasing the production of royal jelly. We estimated the laid-egg per day by multiple queens in one colony. We compared the rate and yield royal jelly of larvae acceptance and present the results of this study. When using multiple queens in one colony, this treatment was control (1 queen), 3 queens, and 5 queens, and the number of egg per day was 700, 2,164, and 4,500 worker, respectively. Through this, it could be seen that it is higher efficient to multiple queen in one colony. In addition, in the comparison of the commercially used queen cup for production of royal jelly, C and D type products had higher larvae acceptance rates and royal jelly production. As for make method of the multiple queen, first of all, the queen bee sting and mandible were one-third partially cut before use. And in order to maintain continuous high brood, honeycomb arrangement management skill should be applied with other skills. The results of this study were expected to contribute to the development of the beekeeping industry by improving the production efficiency of royal jelly, reducing labor and professional breeding management skills to beekeepers.

Effect of Heat Processing of Royal Jelly at 52 and 72°C on the Growth and Development of Apis mellifera L. Honey Bee Larvae in vitro ( Hymenoptera, Apidea)

Olga Frunze,Peter Njukang Akongte,Dongwon Kim,Eun-Jin Kang,Bo-Sun Park,Kyung-Mun Kim,Yong-Soo Choi 한국양봉학회 2022 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.37 No.4

The larval nutritional state of the honey bees is controlled by the Royal Jelly. In addition, it stimulates the regeneration of tissues in other organisms, which has been one of the reasons it uses for cosmetics and as a nutritional ingredient. For the manufacturing and storage of products containing Royal Jelly, heat processing has played a significant role but it has not yet been clarified as a technical factor. The aim of the research was to investigate the effects of heating on the physiological activity of Royal Jelly. We studied the proteins at the native and denatured conditions using heating by the electrophoresis methods. Also, the experiments in vitro were applied when the diets included the non-heated and heated at 52, and 72°C Royal Jelly. The study determined that heating it at 52°C within 5 minutes didn’t change the visible protein composition. This diet was sufficient for the rearing of larvae and hatching of 78.7% against 83.3% of A. mellifera honey bees fed by the diet with non-heated Royal Jelly in the in vitro experiment. However, the weights of the hatched honey bees had significant differences (α=0.05) and were 97.42±14.45 and 102.09±12.49 mg, respectively. This study adds to our understanding of the upper limit of the heat resistance of Royal Jelly proteins by demonstrating the physiological activity of the components after heating at 52°C. So, this temperature can be applied in the protocol of the manufacturing of the Royal Jelly products.

Major royal jelly protein 2 acts as an antimicrobial agent and antioxidant in royal jelly

Park, Min Ji,Kim, Bo Yeon,Park, Hee Geun,Deng, Yijie,Yoon, Hyung Joo,Choi, Yong Soo,Lee, Kwang Sik,Jin, Byung Rae 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Royal jelly (RJ) is a well-known functional and medicinal food for human health promotion. Major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs), which are the major protein components in RJ, exhibit antimicrobial activities. However, the identities of the MRJPs of RJ responsible for its antioxidant effects have remained unclear. Here, we report that honeybee (<I>Apis cerana</I>) MRJP 2 (AcMRJP2) acts as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent in RJ. Using recombinant AcMRJP2, which was produced in baculovirus-infected insect cells, we established the antimicrobial and antioxidant roles of MRJP 2. AcMRJP2 bound to the surfaces of bacteria, fungi, and yeast, which then induced structural damage in the microbial cell walls and led to a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities. AcMRJP2 protected mammalian and insect cells via the direct shielding of the cell against oxidative stress, which led to reduced levels of caspase-3 activity and oxidative stress-induced cell apoptosis, followed by increased cell viability. Moreover, AcMRJP2 exhibited DNA protection activity against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our data indicate that AcMRJP2 could play a crucial role as an antimicrobial agent and antioxidant in RJ, suggesting that MRJP 2 is a component responsible for the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of RJ.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>Apis cerana</I> major royal jelly protein 2 (AcMRJP2) exhibits antimicrobial activities. </LI> <LI> AcMRJP2 protects insect and mammalian cells against oxidative stress. </LI> <LI> AcMRJP2 exhibits DNA protection activity against reactive oxygen species (ROS). </LI> <LI> AcMRJP2 acts as an antimicrobial agent and antioxidant in royal jelly. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Royal Jelly Reduces the Serum Glucose Levels in Healthy Subjects

Karsten Münstedt,Matthias Bargello,Annette Hauenschild 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.5

Earlier biological investigations have shown that royal jelly has insulin-like activity. However, there have so far been no clinical trials to support these findings. The objective of the present study was to study the effect of royal jelly ingestion on the glucose metabolism of healthy humans. Twenty volunteers underwent the standardized oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and afterwards a second OGTT after ingestion of 20g of royal jelly. Serum glucose levels after 2 hours and the area under the curve for glucose were significantly lower (P=.041) after royal jelly administration. Substances originating from the pharyngeal glands of the honey bee with insulin-like activity are likely to have caused this effect and may thus be, at least partially, responsible for the lowering impact of honey on blood glucose levels. The identification of the substances that seem to act even after passage through the human stomach could lead to the development of new concepts in diabetology.

Development and validation of modified QuEChERS method coupled with LC–MS/MS for simultaneous determination of cymiazole, fipronil, coumaphos, fluvalinate, amitraz, and its metabolite in various types of honey and royal jelly

Zheng, Weijia,Park, Jin-A.,Abd El-Aty, A.M.,Kim, Seong-Kwan,Cho, Sang-Hyun,Choi, Jeong-min,Yi, Hee,Cho, Soo-Min,Ramadan, Amer,Jeong, Ji Hoon,Shim, Jae-Han,Shin, Ho-Chul Elsevier 2018 Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technolog Vol.1072 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Over the past few decades, honey products have been polluted by different contaminants, such as pesticides, which are widely applied in agriculture. In this work, a modified EN – quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of pesticide residues, including cymiazole, fipronil, coumaphos, fluvalinate, amitraz, and its metabolite 2,4-dimethylaniline (2,4-DMA), in four types of honey (acacia, wild, chestnut, and manuka) and royal jelly. Samples were buffered with 0.2M dibasic sodium phosphate (pH 9), and subsequently, acetonitrile was employed as the extraction solvent. A combination of primary secondary amine (PSA) and C18 sorbents was used for purification prior to liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI<SUP>+</SUP>/MS-MS) analysis. The estimated linearity measured at six concentration levels presented good correlation coefficients (<I>R<SUP>2</SUP> </I>)≥0.99. The recovery, calculated from three different spiking levels, was 62.06–108.79% in honey and 67.58–106.34% in royal jelly, with an RSD<12% for all the tested compounds. The matrix effect was also evaluated, and most of the analytes presented signal enhancement. The limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged between 0.001 and 0.005mg/kg in various samples. These are considerably lower than the maximum residue limits (MRL) set by various regulatory authorities. A total of 43 market (domestic and imported) samples were assayed for method application. Among the tested samples, three samples were tested positive (i.e. detected and quantified) only for cymiazole residues. The residues in the rest of the samples were detected but not quantified. We concluded that the protocol developed in this work is simple and versatile for the routine quantification of cymiazole, 2,4-DMA, fipronil, coumaphos, amitraz, and fluvalinate in various types of honey and royal jelly.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Six pesticide residues in four types of honey and royal jelly were determined by LC–MS/MS analysis. </LI> <LI> Samples were extracted by a modified EN-QuEChERS method using both C18 sorbent and PSA. </LI> <LI> Recovery was good when the honey samples were extracted with 0.2M dibasic sodium phosphate buffer and acetonitrile. </LI> <LI> Three of the market samples tested positive for cymiazole residues. </LI> </UL> </P>

동결건조 로얄제리의 세립가공 특성

최인학 ( In Hag Choi ),이기동 ( Gee Dong Lee ) 한국식품저장유통학회(구 한국농산물저장유통학회) 2013 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.20 No.1

A fine granule was prepared using freeze-dried royal jelly. For its preparation, which depended on operational parameters like its glucose-to-total sugar content ratio, ethanol concentration and sprayed ethanol solution content using freeze-dried royal jelly, the response surface methodology was used to monitor the optimum conditions for the yield, the fragmentation rate with shaking, and the organoleptic properties. The maximum yield was 89.99% with a glucose-to-total sugar content ratio of 59.30%, and ethanol concentration of 88.64%, and a sprayed ethanol solution content of 11.83% The minimum fragmentation rate by shaking was 0.82% at the glucose-to-total-sugar content ratio of 22.35% the ethanol concentration of 77.21% and the sprayed ethanol solution content of 10.59% The sensory score for the overall palatability of the organoleptic properties was 7.45 at the glucose-to-total-sugar content ratio of 31.81%, the ethanol concentration of 93.96%, and the sprayed ethanol solution content of 10.51%.

UPLC를 이용한 동결건조 로열젤리 내 spermidine의 분석조건 확립 및 함량 분석

최홍민,김세건,김효영,우순옥,김선미,문효정,한상미 한국양봉학회 2022 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

Spermidine is one of biological amines with various functions such as anti-aging and life extension. This study aimed to analyze content of spermidine in freeze-dried royal jelly and establish an optimal analysis method. This assay was optimized to analyze spermidine in lyophilized royal jelly within 13 minutes using UPLC and evaluated the following performance parameters: linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, specificity, accuracy, and precision. The linear range of spermidine was 7.8~125 μg/mL with the correlation coefficient (R2)>0.9998. Limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.63 and 1.93 μg/mL, respectively. Average recovery of spermidine ranged from 96.6% to 109.8%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the intra-day precision and inter-day precision for spermidine were 3.47~4.33% and 4.54~6.77%, respectively. Through this method, it was found that content of spermidine was 131.3±4.9 mg/kg in the freeze-dried royal jelly. This study revealed that this validated method was suitable for spermidine determination and it can be used as basic data in further studies on the bioactivity of spermidine.

Antifungal Activity of the Honeybee Products Against Candida spp. and Trichosporon spp.

Ayşe Nedret Koç,Sibel Silici,Filiz Kasap,Hatice Tuna Hörmet-Öz,Hikmet Mavus-Buldu,Barış Derya Ercal 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.1

Honeybee products (honey, royal jelly, pollen, and propolis) were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth of 40 yeast strains of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, and Trichosporon spp. The broth microdilution method was used to assess the antifungal activity of honeybee products against yeasts. Fluconazole was selected as the antifungal control agent. Using the broth microdilution method, minimal inhibitory concentration ranges with regard to all isolates were 5–80% (vol/vol), 0.06–1μg/mL, 0.002–0.25μg/mL, 0.006–0.1μg/mL, and 0.02–96μg/mL for honey, royal jelly, pollen, propolis, and fluconazole, respectively. The antifungal activities of each product decreased in the following order: propolis >pollen>royal jelly>>honey. This study demonstrated that honeybee products, particularly propolis and pollen, can help to control some fluconazole-resistant fungal strains.

LC-MS/MS를 이용한 벌꿀 중 잔류동물용의약품 분석법 개발

이혜수 ( Hyesu Lee ),심진하 ( Jin Ha Sim ),김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),신동우 ( Dong-woo Shin ),김현경 ( Hyun-kyung Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2023 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2023 No.0

The Positive List System (PLS) will be implemented for veterinary drug residues in food from 2024, therefore this study focused on the establishment of more sensitive analytical method for veterinary drug residues in honey, propolis, and royal jelly. For analysis, 8 veterinary drugs frequently used in honey, such as antibiotics and anthelmintics, were selected. The target analytes were extracted from honey, propolis, and royal jelly samples by using 80% acetonitrile, and then purified with C₁₈ and acetonitrile saturated with n-hexane. The LC-MS/MS analysis was performed on a reverse-phase C₁₈ column (2.1 × 150 mm, 3.5 μm) with gradient elution using 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile as mobile phases. Method validation was proceeded for honey, propolis, and royal jelly at three concentrations, 1×LOQ, 2×LOQ and 10×LOQ (limit of quantification) or 0.5×MRL, 1×MRL and 2×MRL. The coefficient of linearity presents good linearity at matrix-matched calibration curves (R²>0.99). At all concentrations, the recoveries were ranged from 70.9% to 118.9% and the coefficient of variability (CV) were lower than 10%. These results met the CODEX guideline (CAC/GL 71-2009) requirements to analyze veterinary drug residues in food products.