문화기술지연구, 실행연구와 사례연구의 비교분석

최기호 한국조형교육학회 2013 造形敎育 Vol.0 No.46

The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine the possibility and the uses of three different kinds of qualitative research, ethnographic study, case study,and action research in art education. Since the 1990s, the qualitative approaches to educational research has called attention by virtue of their advantages to describe and understand the complexity and dynamics of humans and human societies within authentic contexts of learning and schooling. Notwithstanding aforementioned advantages of the qualitative approaches,researchers in the field of art education have struggled to sort out the differences and similarities for the uses of different qualitative approaches. This study explores the applicability of three qualitative research methods, such as ethnographic study,action research, and case study among others. The findings of this study include:① ethnographic study is designed to delineate the value systems and believes underlying particular cultural practices and it is to suggest alternative perspectives on preexisting educational practices: ② action research is geared toward the improvement of educational practices and further the empowerment of educators along with their students as active learners and researchers: ③ case study is aimed to describe and understand “a bounded system - a case” undergoing changes over time. Employing a pragmaticist view point, case study incorporates almost every possible research methods for the pursuit of the rich description of a case or cases and the interpretation of results of a case study is completed by readers, not by researchers.

질적 연구방법으로서 사례연구의 특성

이원석(Lee, Wonsuk) 질적연구학회 2020 질적연구 Vol.21 No.2

Purpose: To analyze key characteristics of qualitative case study different from other qualitative research methods designs and provide useful guidance to researchers who conduct qualitative case studies in the field to fully demonstrate characteristics and benefits of case study. Methods: This study was conducted mainly through the literature analysis of case study. Results: Results showed that key characteristics of qualitative case study were selection of cases, research questions inherent in cases, the importance of context and the pursuit of a heuristic understanding. Researchers should also pay attention to checking the suitability of the case, identify research questions inherent in the case, focus on the case and its contexts, and provide thick description of the case. Conclusion: Case study is the most powerful research method design to understand a particular case in depth and integration and to solve its actual problems through these characteristics.

선교적 공공교회 모델을 통한 교회와 세상의 재연결(Reconnection) : 질적 사례연구 중심으로

주상락 한국실천신학회 2022 신학과 실천 Vol.- No.81

This study aims to explore the missiological characteristics of ‘The Missinoal Public Church Type’ among four types of Missional Church in South Korea that I found in my former study. A study of the missional church movement in South Korea has been developed since the early 2000s. However, I am able to recognize a lack of qualitative study of the missional church movement. For this reason, I had visited twenty five models of missional church in 2018-2021, analyzed the models, and found four types of missional church(the Missional Village Communiy Type, The Missional Public Church Tpye, The Missional Discipleship-Culture Type, and The Missional Alternative Community Type) by employing on phenomenological qualitative research. This study attempts to focus on ‘The Missional Public Church Type’ for carrying out reconnection between the Church and the world. In this study, I try to accept triangulation for increasing the validity and credibility of research findings such as interviews, participant-observation, and library research. I select three models of ‘The Missional Public Church Type’ to follow up John W. Creswell’s qualitative case study methodology. Especially, a qualitative study in which within-case and across-case analytic methodologies are integrated. I find the specific characteristics of ‘The Missional Public Church Type’ through within-case analysis. I am also able to get ten key words through across-case analysis: 1) common good, 2) the Kingdom of God, 3) the missional grassroot movement, 4) Considering locality(incarnational mission), 5) publicness, 6) social entrepreneurship, 7) village ministry, 8) lifestyle, 9) storytelling, and 10) Relationships with municipality. In order to reconnect with unchurched and dechurched people who live in their communities, ‘The Missional Public Church model’ is practicing communication, listening, publicness, and missional life by overcoming the attractional church mindset. 이 연구는 ‘한국형 선교적 교회 연구’의 후속 연구이다. 2000년대 초 한국교회에 ‘선교적 교회’라는 개념이 소개된 후 선교적 교회 담론은 최근까지 계속 발전되었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 질적 연구를 통한 ‘한국형 선교적 교회 연구’가 부족한게 사실이다. 필자는 한국형 선교적 교회모델 특징들을 발견하기 위해 2018-2021년 (3년간) 25개의 모델들을 직접 방문하고 분석했고, 한국형 선교적 교회의 네 가지 유형으로 ‘선교적 마을공동체 유형’, ‘선교적 제자도-문화 유형’, ‘선교적 공공교회 유형’, 그리고 ‘선교적 대안공동체 유형’을 발견했다. 본 연구는 이 선행 연구 중에서 ‘선교적 공공교회 유형 모델’에 대한 질적 사례연구에 집중하였고, 교회와 세상의 재연결을 위해 노력하는 모델들을 발견했다. 사례연구를 하면서 주관적 편견이 들어가지 않도록 인터뷰, 참여관찰, 그리고 문헌 검토와 같은 삼각측정법으로 질적 연구의 신뢰도를 높였다. 선행 연구에서 총 6개 교회(부천 새롬교회, 군산 행복한교회, 군포 갈릴리교회, 안산 밀알침례교회, 더불어숲동산교회, 보령밀알교회)의 선교적 공공교회 모델들을 발견했으나, 존 크레스웰(John W. Creswell)의 제안을 수용하여 부천 새롬교회, 안산 밀알침례교회, 더불어숲동산교회 (총 3개)의 모델 연구에 집중했다. 자료의 분석을 위해서는 사례의 맥락을 보여주는 사례 내 분석(within- case analysis)과 사례들이 비슷하게 다루는 주제들을 분석하여 선교적 공공교회의 특징들을 발견하는 사례 간 분석(across-case analysis)을 동시에 수행했다. 필자는 세 가지 모델들의 ‘사례 내 분석’을 통해 ‘선교적 공공교회 모델’의 특징을 발견했고 크레스웰이 제안한 사례연구 방법 중 ‘사례 간 분석’을 적용해 분석하여 다음과 같은 총 10개의 사례 간 통합주제들을 추출했다: 1) 공동선, 2) 하나님의 나라의 현재성, 3) 선교적 풀뿌리 운동, 4) 지역을 고려(성육신 선교), 5) 공공성, 6) 사회적 기업가 정신. 7) 마을 중심(목회), 8) 라이프 스타일, 9) 스토리 텔링, 그리고 10) 지자체와의 관계. 이 통합 주제들을 발견했고 질적 연구, 분석을 통해 선교적 공공교회 모델이 세상과 소통, 경청, 그리고 재연결을 위해 노력하는 것을 발견할 수 있었다.

지역사회복지관 사례관리자의 사례관리 실천과정 수행에 관한 연구 -부산·경남지역을 중심으로-

황세인,박정란 충북연구원 2019 지역정책연구 Vol.30 No.2

본 연구는 질적 사례연구를 통해 지역사회복지관의 사례관리자들이 사례관리의 전 과정을 어떻게 수행하는지 그리고 이 과정에서 나타난 이슈를 탐색하기 위해 수행되었다. 연구참여자는 부산·경남지역의 지역사회복지관에 근무하는 사례관리자 7명으로 심층면접을 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 사례관리의 각 단계(도입-사정-목표설정과 서비스 계획수립- 서비스 계획 실행-모니터링-평가 및 종결)에 따라 질적으로 분석하여, 19개의 하위범주를 도출하였다. 연구결과 지역사회복지관 사례관리자들의 사례관리실천 과정은 ‘클라이언트의 주체적인 삶을 지향하며 클라이언트와 그 환경을 변화시키기 위해 노력하고 있지만 여러 딜레마와 소진을 경험하며 사례관리자의 역량 범위 안에서 클라이언트의 욕구를 해결하는 현실적인 선택을 하는’것이었다. 본 연구는 연구결과를 근거로 고지, 클라이언트의 참여, 욕구판단 및 개입수준, 평가관련 논의점을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 사례관리 실천의 응용력 향상을 위한 교육을 강화하고 딜레마 해결을 위한 사례수집과 매뉴얼 작성, 사례관리자들의 소진예방을 위한 내·외부체계 정비를 제언하였다. This study was conducted by the method of qualitative case study in order to figure out the process of how case managers in community welfare centers practice(perform) case management. The data for this study were collected from the in-depth interviews with 7 case managers of community welfare centers in Gyeongnam and Busan area. The collected data was analysed qualitatively. From the analysis of each stage of case managements such as introduction, assessment-target setting, service planning, execution of service plan, monitoring, evaluation and closure, nineteen subcategories of the issues were derived. The case managers in community welfare centers were believed to work hard to help the clients to make an effort toward their own better life and environment through the process of case management practice. However, this study found that the case managers have faced a number of dilemmas and experienced exhaustion and thus made choices based on compromise with reality in practicing the case management within the scope of the case managers' capabilities. Based on the results of the study, the discussion points presented relating to the informed consent for case management, participation of clients, case managers' judgment about clients’ real needs. And this study discussed the case managers' intervention level and assessment of their case managing practices. Finally this study suggested the need to strengthen case managers' education in order to improve their application of case management skills and the need for better ways of collecting data and preparing manuals for solving dilemmas, and the need to reorganize internal and external system for prevention of case manager's burnout syndrome.

특수교육 분야의 질적 사례연구 동향과 과제

강승모,류수연,임경원 공주대학교 특수교육연구소 2023 특수교육논집 Vol.28 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the overall trend of qualitative case studies in the field of special education listed in domestic education-related journals and to present the direction of future research. Method: The papers to be analyzed are 51 qualitative case studies in the field of special education listed 31 domestic education-related journals, and analysis factors were used to analyze trends by year and journal, trends by research topic, and characteristics of research methods. The research findings through data analysis are as follows. Results: As a result of the studies, qualitative case studies in the field of special education in Korea have conducted in the field of various special education, treatment education, general education, and social welfare, with the research of subject education and instruction-learning strategy and the research related to family support accounting for the largest portion. Single-total case studies and technical - descriptive studies were the most common research design and type in research methods, and interview studies were the most frequently conducted in special schools for special education teachers and students with intellectual disabilities. In addition, it was found that various methods were used to secure the trustworthiness of qualitative case studies. Conclusion: Based on the above findings, qualitative case studies in the field of special education should present research designs and types so that the research methodological elements of qualitative case studies can be clearly revealed, and as it is a study on a specific case, systemicity and concreteness need to be clearly described so that the boundary between temporality and spatiality of the case can be clearly revealed. And finally, in order to secure the truthfulness of the research, detailed comments are required on the data collection process and the verification method.

한국어교육학의 질적 사례연구 연구방법론적 양상

구민지 인문사회 21 2023 인문사회 21 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study is to identify how the ‘qualitative case study’ method is being used in the academic field of Korean language education and to provide implications for the use of the case study method in Korean language education. To this end, 79 papers explicitly presented as ‘case studies’ in the title were extracted from academic papers on Korean education and qualitatively analyzed in terms of research subjects and research methods. The research papers could be classified into class case studies, intensive case studies, operation case studies, and experimental case studies, and class case studies accounted for a large proportion. Observation and interview methods were found to be actively applied in terms of data collection, and factual case studies were actively applied in terms of analysis methods. As a result of the analysis, there is a clear perception of ‘case’ in terms of research subjects, but few papers fully capture the essence of qualitative case studies in terms of data collection and analysis.

Conceptualizing Case Study

Seung-Ryul Lee 미래영어영문학회 2012 미래영어영문학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2012 No.12

The purpose of this paper is to review the case study articles which have been published in the ETAK journal from the perspective of the research method and identify the important characteristics of the research. I have investigated sixteen articles which are classified as case studies. This research reveals that case studies are more widely named than other approaches. The researchers seem to view case studies as a broad term which covers the study of a case as an object to be studied. This broad perspective might confuse case studies with action research. As different approaches imply different theoretical backgrounds and research processes, they need to clarify their research approach correctly. In particular, case studies are mainly grounded on phenomenology as their theoretical backgrounds. As such, researchers who are going to adopt case studies need to be concerned with pedagogical phenomena as their research themes.

아동학대 보호관찰대상자의 결혼생활 경험 연구

정경진,최옥채 한국보호관찰학회 2018 보호관찰 Vol.18 No.2

The increasing number of child abuse cases, despite increased social interest in child abuse cases and enhanced punishment, suggests that more fundamental and effective measures are needed to prevent and treat child abuse. It is reported that parental factors are important factors affecting child abuse in previous studies related to child abuse, and the effects subject to parental characteristics on child abuse results may be changed. Therefore, the object of intervention in order to reduce child abuse should be victim’s parents. Even after the abuse has been identified, the victim is mostly protected by the family of origin, so that constant attention needs to children victim. The purpose of this study is to understand the marital life experiences of the child abuse probationer who are protected by the court for child abuse behavior and to present the social welfare implications. This study conducted a qualitative case study to understand the experience of the child abuse probationer subject by an in-depth analysis of the cases of child abuse. The study participants intentionally sampled by six persons who were under probation in J probation offices and G probation offices due to child abuse of their children. Data collection was conducted for 5 months through in-depth interviews and observations from May to September 2017. Recorded interviews and transcripts were recorded for data analysis. We conducted case analysis and cross-case analysis that are commonly used in qualitative case studies. In order to secure the reliability of the research, it fulfilled the truth value, applicability, consistency and neutrality and secured the strictness at every stage. For credibility of the research results, it obtained severity at each stage by meeting the standard of truth value, applicability, consistency, neutrality. The marriage experience of child abuse probationer was analyzed by case and the common features of each case were analyzed in nine upper categories. Four themes are ‘Start off as a fake wedding’, ‘Life is not as expected’, ‘Unable to accept current situation’, ‘I want to keep my family’. The themes of ‘Start off as a fake wedding’ was revealed as ‘unintended marriage’, ‘marriage is uncommon’. The themes of ‘life is not as expected’ was revealed as ‘difficulty, encountering barriers in marriage, ‘experienced a recurring crisis’. The themes of ‘unable to accept current situation’ was revealed as ‘being punished for child abuse’, ‘the inability to accept legal punishment’, and a grudge against one’s family’. The themes of ‘want to keep a family’ was revealed as ‘worrying about my future’, ‘wanting to live with my family’. The results of the analysis and the theoretical background are summarized as follows. First, The participants were dissatisfied with their marriage. Second, they transferred responsibility to other family member. Third, the relationship with the family member is not good, but they are trying to maintain the family. Based on the results of the research on marital life experience of the child abuse probationers, practical and policy aspects for social significance and social interventions are presented as follows. In this study, it is meaningful to describe the experiences of married life of the child abuse probationer observer according to the flow of time and to draw a common theme from the viewpoint of the child abuser by case study method. Practical implications include providing individualized treatment that links probationer with supervision of child abuse agents and social support networks such as counseling centers for multicultural centers and child abuse protection observers is presented. In addition, it is suggested that the necessity of education in order to improve awareness of child abuse probationer. The policy implication suggests the necessity of systematic program enforcement such as expansion of parent education... 이 연구의 목적은 아동학대 행위로 법원에서 보호관찰을 받은 아동학대 보호관찰대상자에 대한 결혼생활 경험을 이해하고 학대행위 예방에 효과적인 사회복지적 실천방안을 제시하는 것이다. 심층적 분석으로 아동학대 보호관찰대상자의 경험을 이해하기 위해 질적사례연구로 진행하였다. 연구참여자는 자녀에 대한 아동학대 행위로 J와 G보호관찰소에서 보호관찰을 받는 6명을 의도적으로 표집하여 2017년 5월부터 5개월 동안 심층인터뷰하고 인터뷰한 내용을 질적사례연구에서 일반적으로 활용하는 사례별 분석과 사례 간 분석을 실시하였다. 각 사례들의 공통된 특성을 4개의 주제와 9개의 상위범주로 분석하였다. 주제는 ‘허울만 있는 결혼으로 시작함’, ‘삶이 기대대로 되지 않음’, ‘현재 상황을 수용할 수 없음’, ‘가정유지를 원함’으로 나타났다. ‘허울만 있는 결혼으로 시작함’주제에는 ‘결혼으로 밀려감’, ‘남다른 결혼을 함’, ‘삶이 기대대로 되지 않음’, 주제에는 ‘어려움·장벽을 만남’, ‘위기가 되풀이 됨’, ‘현재 상황을 수용할 수 없음’ 주제에는 ‘아동학대로 처벌 받음’, ‘법적 문제를 인정할 수 없음’, ‘가족이 원망스러움’, ‘가정유지를 원함’ 주제에는 ‘내 미래를 걱정함’, ‘가족과 살고 싶음’이 상위범주로 도출되었다. 요컨대 아동학대 보호관찰대상자의 결혼생활 경험 특성은 첫째, 결혼생활에 대해 불만족함, 둘째, 다른 가족에게 책임을 전가함, 셋째, 가족들과의 관계가 원만하지 않지만 가정을 유지하고자 함이었다. 이 연구는 아동학대 행위자의 시각에서 결혼생활 경험을 기술하고 공통된 주제를 도출하였다는 점에 의의가 있다. 실천적 함의로는 아동학대 행위자에 대한 감독 기능이 있는 보호관찰 부과와 아동학대 보호관찰대상자에 대한 상담치료 센터, 다문화 센터 등 사회적 지지망을 연결하는 개별처우 제공과 아동학대 보호관찰대상자에 대한 인식 개선 교육의 필요성을 제시하였다. 정책적 함의는 부모교육의 확대와 행위자의 치료에서 집단치료와 개인치료를 혼합한 프로그램 등 체계적인 프로그램 집행의 필요성을 제시하였다.

대학생들의 ESR 실천 경험에 대한 서술적 사례연구: ‘도시혁신스쿨 in 부산’ 프로젝트를 대상으로

정민영,이상수,배가나,백승원,정인숙 학습자중심교과교육학회 2023 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.23 No.1

Objectives This study aims to investigate the learning of university students who had Education for Social Responsibility practice experiences participating in Urban Innovation School in Busan project through a descriptive case study. The learning of research participants who practiced ESR was analyzed by a qualitative method to explore implications for ESR research, education, and practice. Finally, this study aims to identify the meaning and value of ESR. Methods In order to achieve the research purpose, Urban Innovation School in Busan project was selected as a case to be analyzed. In this study, a descriptive case study was employed. The results of this study were derived based on the qualitative analysis of the in-depth interview data, and additionally, the research team performed participant observation and analysis of document data on the research participants. Results In order to achieve research objectives and derive research results on research problems, this study analyzed in detail the learning that research participants experienced in the process of practicing ESR based on a descriptive case study. The results of this study were as follows. First, the participants experienced independent learning and growth through the application of knowledge and skills by practicing ESR. Second, the participants experienced a change of consciousness about social issues by practicing ESR. Third, it was found that the unstructured problem-solving ability of the participants was increased by practicing ESR. Fourth, the perception of influence of individuals on society was improved. Conclusions This study confirms that the experience of ESR practice and participation can promote the continuous growth of members of society and the realization of self-actualization. It was confirmed that the university's ESR practice project is an opportunity to seek solutions to various and complex social problems that cannot be predicted in modern and future society. 목적 이 연구는 ‘도시혁신스쿨 in부산’ 프로젝트에 참여하여 교육의 사회적 책임(Education for Social Responsibility, ESR)을실천한 대학생(연구참여자)들이 경험한 ‘배움’에 대한 서술적 사례연구이다. 이 연구는 ESR을 실천한 연구참여자들의 배움을 질적 분석하여 ESR 연구⋅교육⋅실천에 주는 시사점을 탐색하였다. 최종적으로는 ESR이 가진 의미와 가치를 심층적으로 밝히고자 한다. 방법 이 연구는 ‘도시혁신스쿨 in 부산’ 프로젝트를 연구사례로 선정하였다. 사용된 연구방법은 ‘서술적 사례연구’이다. 연구결과는심층면담 자료에 대한 질적분석을 중심으로 도출되었고, 추가적으로 연구진은 연구참여자에 대한 참여관찰⋅문서자료 분석을 수행하였다. 결과 이 연구는 연구목적 달성, 연구문제에 대한 연구결과 도출을 위해 연구참여자들이 ESR 실천 과정에서 경험한 배움을 서술적사례연구를 기반으로 세부 분석하였다. 이를 통해 확인된 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구참여자들은 ESR 실천을 통해 지식과기능 적용을 통한 주체적인 배움과 성장을 이룰 수 있었다. 둘째, 연구참여자들은 ESR 실천을 통해 사회문제에 대한 의식에 변화가일어났다. 셋째, 연구참여자들은 ESR 실천을 통해 비구조화된 문제해결력이 신장되었다. 넷째, 연구참여자들은 ESR 실천을 통해개인이 사회에 미치는 영향력에 대한 인식이 향상되었다. 결론 이 연구는 연구참여자들의 ESR 실천⋅참여 경험이 사회구성원의 지속적인 성장과 개인의 자아실현 활성화를 유도한다는 점을 확인하였다. ESR 실천 프로젝트는 미래사회의 예측할 수 없는 복잡다단화된 사회적 문제 발견과 그에 대한 해결책을 주체적으로탐색하는 기회가 된다.

학교부적응 청소년의 희망진로 변천과정에 관한 질적사례연구

강혜영,이재림 한국진로교육학회 2008 진로교육연구 Vol.21 No.4

This investigated study is about what was affected to school maladjusted juveniles while there are deciding and changing there career in the past through their career history. Understanding choice processes of teenagers who could't adjusted to a school, this study will be provide base information for alternative plans of career counseling and instruction programs. For this study, a pre-study operated with seven school maladjusted students who live in Chung-Nam region. This preceding study used for enhance researcher’s experiments and base information to this study. The preceding study analyzed the record from free style talking with them about their career choice procedures. Through the analysis of the record, it could prepare the researcher’s interview skills, range of subjects and key point questions for this study. There are mainly researched problems of this study from six school maladjusted students who are disrupted to study among Chung-Nam regional. First of all, the study analyzed the history of each student’s hoped career. Especially, there is interesting result that shows similar behaviors between personalities occur maladjustment in the school and the process choosing or abandoning their future career. Through this study which investigated about school maladjusted teenagers’career choice process, there are teenagers only can find the hope of the future career from the hard school life in our real situation, and through this research. This study suggested that we need not only solve their school maladjustment, but also we should raise their abilities to solve and plan their own future career confidently by the career instruction and counseling. 본 연구는 질적사례연구방법을 통하여 학교부적응 청소년의 희망진로 변천과정을 살펴봄으로써 이들의 진로선택 특성을 이해하고, 적합한 진로상담을 모색할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하려는데 목적이 있다. 구체적으로 세 가지 연구문제를 살펴보았는데, 첫째, 학교부적응 청소년들은 어떤 진로들을 희망해왔고, 희망하는 진로내용의 특징은 무엇인가? 둘째, 학교부적응 청소년들이 희망 진로를 선택하는 주요 계기는 무엇인가? 셋째, 학교부적응 청소년들이 희망했던 진로를 포기하는 주요 이유는 무엇인가? 이다. 충남지역 학교부적응 청소년 7명을 대상으로 예비연구를 실시하였고, 본 연구에서는 학교로부터 징계처분을 받은 학교부적응 청소년 6명을 면담하여 그 결과를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 연구참여 청소년들이 희망했던 진로 내용은 제각기 다양하였으나 학교에 부적응을 일으키는 개인적 성향과, 희망진로를 선택하고 포기하는 과정에서 보여지는 성향이 매우 유사함을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 희망하는 진로를 선택하게 되는 계기는 ‘즉흥적인 결정’, ‘직업에 대한 편견이나 오해’, ‘직접적인 경험이나 체험’, ‘매체의 영향’, ‘모델링’, ‘주변의 권유’ 등으로 발견되었다. 셋째, 과거 희망하던 진로를 포기하게 된 주요 이유는 ‘다른 관심사가 생김’, ‘인내심 부족으로 인한 포기’, ‘이상과 현실이 다름을 인식함’, ‘주변의 지지부족으로 인한 자신감 상실’, ‘환경적인 제약’, ‘생각하던 진로가 아님을 깨달음’ 등으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 학교부적응 청소년들의 상담 및 교육 프로그램에 시사하는 점을 논의 하였다.