라오스 루앙프라방 전통 가옥의 변화 요인에 관한 연구

봉비라이 사야폰,강영환,최중현,Vongvilay, Xayaphone,Kang, Young-Hwan,Choi, Joong-Hyun The Korean Housing Association 2015 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.26 No.2

The era of globalization has ushered in dramatic changes in the past decade covering a wide range of distinct political, economic and cultural trends whereby people adapt their houses to suit their needs and desires. This paper discusses the process of change analytically, emphasizing the importance of understanding the transformation of Lao traditional houses and its impact factors to the transformation and adaptation to suit with globalization trend, and conservation of the characteristics of traditional houses. This study takes place in Luangprabang, an ancient city of Lao PDR, which was designated as a world heritage city in 1995 as it is rich with diverse, tangible and intangible values. Five cases of traditional house in Luangprabang are examined to understand their transformation through time, by analyzing the basic spatial formation, components and elements, especially to find out the impact factors to such transformation. The study revealed that the transformation of the traditional house is subject to not just one single factor, but to a number of factors, where globalization, regulation, economy, and social aspect factors play a prime role and are the root for all these changes. The case study also indicates that these changes are connected to the benefits of income generation as a survival strategy for the low and middle-income people in Luangprabang as well as the housing demands. In the transition period a new residential type appeared accordingly, in which living spaces were categorized according to their general functions. There was a harmony between people's needs and the physical characteristics of the house.

Studies about Housing Problems Perceived by Residents in Traditional Houses in Suzhou, China

최이비,최병숙,장리리,Cui, Erfei,Choi, Byungsook,Jiang, Lili The Korean Housing Association 2014 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.25 No.6

This study is to explore the housing problems and environment conditions perceived by residents in traditional houses in Suzhou, China. The empirical data is based on a questionnaire survey, which were from 100 residents in traditional area in Gusu area of Suzhou. In order to understand the traditional houses, on-the-spot investigation and literature review methods are adapted in this study. The main findings are as follows. Firstly, most of residents are middle-aged or older people, and their income is not high. Secondly, there are almost no cases of organizing independent workroom and storage room in their housing. Moreover, the main problems are mildew, theft, rats and cockroaches, etc. Finally, the satisfaction with the internal housing environment was appeared reasonable, but the external environment is unsatisfactory. Therefore, the external environment should be more considered in the Chinese traditional housing policy.

Housing Characteristics and Determinants of Housing Cost Burden of Young Single- or Two-person Households in the U.S. Metropolitan Areas

최병숙,이현정,Choi, Byungsook,Lee, Hyun-Jeong The Korean Housing Association 2014 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

The purpose of this study was to explore housing characteristics of young single- or two-person households in the U.S. metropolitan urban areas and determinants of their housing cost burden. Total 764 single-person households, 744 two-person households and 424 households with three or more persons were selected from the 2011 American Housing Survey public-use microdata for the study based on specific sampling criteria. The major findings are as follows: (1) In comparisons with larger households, single- or two-person households were characterized to be headed by younger householders, to have less income, and to have a greater proportion of households living in central cities of metropolitan areas, renting housing units, living in smaller size units or multifamily structures; (3) housing cost of single- or two-person households were significantly less than a larger households while housing costs per unit square footage (SQFT) of single- or two-person households was significantly greater; (4) regardless of the household size, there are many household headed by young college graduates paying too much of their income for housing, and single-person households were found to have the greatest housing cost burden; and (5) a linear combination of low-income status, monthly housing costs per unit SQFT, annual household income, and unit SQFT per person was found to be most efficient to predict single- or two-person households with housing cost burden.

Housing Adjustment Behaviors of Korean Elderly Immigrants Living in Affordable Housing

전명희,Jorn, Myounghee The Korean Housing Association 2014 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.25 No.3

This study explores the daily life patterns and housing adjustment behaviors of low-income Korean elderly immigrants residing in affordable housing in the Chicago metropolitan area. Utilizing an intercultural perspective, the study focuses on identifying the immigrants' their cultural attributes of daily living and coping responses to residential misfits. These housing adjustment behaviors are classified into five modes consisting of residential mobility, structural adaptation, residential alteration, normative adaptation, and behavioral adaptation. Two-hour in-depth interviews with open-ended questions were conducted with 138 participants from 15 affordable housing complexes. Collected information includes demographic data, immigration experiences and cultural identity, daily life patterns, as well as housing evaluation and housing adjustment behaviors. The study results indicate that many research participants maintained their cultural attributes of daily living accumulated from past experiences (i.e. mostly based upon Korean cultural contexts), but also made adjustments as they complied with their aging body and new living conditions. This also reflects that immigrants' cultural needs are not limited to the use of language and ethnic goods, but are also embedded deeply in their daily life patterns to influence one's uses of the dwellings in a broader sense. All five modes of housing adjustment behaviors were observed with research participants within their residential settings. More importantly, normative and behavioral adaptations along with residential alterations occurred more simultaneously rather than sequentially when the respondents perceived discrepancy between oneself (i.e. including one's attributes, needs, and preferences) and his/her dwelling.

Household and Housing Characteristics of Young Renters in South Korea in Relation to Housing Value Clusters

권현주,이현정,Kwon, Hyun Joo,Lee, Hyun-Jeong The Korean Housing Association 2015 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.26 No.6

The purpose of this study was to explore housing value clusters of young renters in South Korea and their relationships to household and housing characteristics reflected in the 2012 Korea Housing Survey (KHS). The 2012 KHS microdata was used as secondary data. Among the households included in the microdata, 1,196,144 young renter households (between 20 and 34 years of age) in private rental units were analyzed. The main findings are as follows. Ten rating scale items measured housing values. Eight of them were grouped into three value factors: Investment, Affordability and Cost Increase. Using these three value factors and perception of homeownership, households were classified into four clusters: Prospective Home Investor, Settled Renter, Homeowner Wannabe, and Support Needed. The current tenure types, income and expectation for next tenure types of four housing value clusters of young renters reflected Korea's tenure ladder which has home ownership at top followed by Jeon-se rental, monthly rental with deposit and monthly rental without deposit. The households in Prospective Home Investor and Homeowner Wannabe clusters would consider home purchase in the near future. Finally, households in Support Needed Cluster would be the main target to consider in development and implementation of housing welfare policies and programs to resolve housing problems of young renters, including beginning-stage professionals.

A Fundamental Study on the Planning of Elderly Housing Environment - Focused on a preference of middle-aged people for elderly housing

Shin, Hwa-Kyoung,Lee, Joon-min The Korean Housing Association 1999 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate preferences of middle-aged people for elderly housing in order to properly plan elderly housing; 1 ) To analyze the middle-aged peoples' preferences for elderly housing in each situation based on the following 4 categories; elderly couple/healthy, elderly couple/unhealthy, elderly living alone/healthy, elderly living alone/unhealthy. 2) To clarify the differences in preferences for elderly housing according to the subjects' backgrounds in each case. This research intends to understand the form of elderly housing and desire for the environment of subjects, middle-age, who will be old aged, and the change of preference to characteristics for elderly housing according to the change of situation. The data were collected through structured questionnaires. The subject were 298 middle-aged, 40-50's who will be experiencing aging, major customer of elderly housing in the future.

A Comparison of Urban Detached Houses in Seoul's New Housing Quarters in the Early 1960s

전남일,Jun, Nam-Il The Korean Housing Association 2014 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.25 No.5

This study explores the typology of the urban detached houses in the new housing quarters that were created in the process of Seoul's urbanization in the aftermath of the Korean War. It analyzes and compares the urban tissue and space allocation set when the new urban residential areas were organized according to different methods of production. Based on the comparative analysis of housing built in the same time of 1960s, this study aims to deduce why a specific urban detached housing type was selected as an influential housing prototype and how this spread in later generations. Case study sites selected for this study include: the new Urban Hanok towns of Yongdu-dong, filled with mass Urban Hanoks built by housing developers; the single-family detached housing district of Myunmok-dong, filled with individual dwellings built by private builders; and the housing complex of detached houses in Suyu-dong, developed by government-sponsorship during the early 1960s. Each case examines the following: first, the difference in housing typology allocation according to urban tissue; second, the difference in spatial composition and arrangement within plots. As a result, it was found that differences in typology occur depending on which of the social, cultural, economic and technical factors was preferentially considered in forming urban tissue and allocating buildings in each residential area.

An Empirical Study on the Housing Affordability of Multi-Family Dwellers

Jin, Mee-Youn,Yoon, Bok-Cha The Korean Housing Association 1999 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate the housing affordability of multi-family dwelling in Seoul and to systemize the housing expenditure patterns and housing affordability according to household and housing characteristics. Housing expenditures are basically composed of the payments of four major items. including utilities. home alteration and interior furnishing. home mortgage debt. and monthly rent. Housing affordability index as operationally defined in this study is Housing Expenditure-to-Income Ratio (HEIR). The ratios were computed for each of the four housing expenditure items. Data for 465 multi-family dwellers were gathered from the structured questionnaire. The results showed the differences between household and housing characteristics on housing expenditure levels and HEIR. In addition. this differences had influence on future housing choice behavior. The analysis on the variables of housing choice behavior showed the result that user cost considering capital gains were less important. comparing those of early 1990's.

HOUSING MOBILITY PROPENSITY AMONG THE KOREAN ELDERLY

Lee, Yeun-Sook,Lee, Sook-Young,Byun, Hear-Yung,Park, Jun-Ga The Korean Housing Association 1999 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.3

The purpose of this study was to find the degree of satisfaction of the Korean elderly with their existing residential environment and their propensity to move. The data were collected through interviews and structured questionnaires. The subjects were 1,200 nationwide elderly over the age of 60 selected by probability sampling proportionate to size. cluster and random sampling method. The data were analyzed with frequency. percentage. and $X^2$-test using the SAS package. The major findings were as follows: Most subjects were satisfied with their housing environment and had no intention of moving. The subjects were highly satisfied with their residential environment. did not tend to move. This result does not necessarily mean that there is no need for better housing and no need to design elderly housing in Korea. It implies the need for community integrated housing development with flexible service system.

Logic of Traditional Korean Settlements Nakan, Hahoe and Yangdong villages

Chang, Dong-Kuk,Park, Kang-Chul The Korean Housing Association 1999 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.3

Little research has been done regarding the explicit and objective analysis and explanation of the spatial logic of traditional Korean settlement patterns, in spite of many archeological and socio-historical studies. In this paper we present research into spatial mechanisms and their social meanings in three traditional villages in the southern province of Korea. Conventional space-syntax analysis of spatial configuration has been used to analysis and investigate the morphological forms and functions of the traditional villages. The research results show that the traditional Korean villages are spatially deeper and syntactically less connected than other comparable urban forms, such as old European cities. Configurational analysis of the three villages reveals that their spatial structures are configured to have their own spatial logic, not a geometric order but a spatial structure. What is however noteworthy is the way they embrace their own environmental context and factors and implement them into the process of urban growth or spatial construction.