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The perceptual homunculus: The perception of the relative proportions of the human body.
Linkenauger, Sally A.,Wong, Hong Yu,Geuss, Michael,Stefanucci, Jeanine K.,McCulloch, Kathleen C.,Bü,lthoff, Heinrich H.,Mohler, Betty J.,Proffitt, Dennis R. American Psychological Association 2015 Journal of experimental psychology: general Vol.144 No.1
When humanoid robots become human-like interaction partners: Corepresentation of robotic actions.
Stenzel, Anna,Chinellato, Eris,Bou, Maria A. Tirado,del Pobil, Á,ngel P.,Lappe, Markus,Liepelt, Roman American Psychological Association 2012 JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTIO Vol.38 No.5
<P>In human-human interactions, corepresenting a partner's actions is crucial to successfully adjust and coordinate actions with others. Current research suggests that action corepresentation is restricted to interactions between human agents facilitating social interaction with conspecifics. In this study, we investigated whether action corepresentation, as measured by the social Simon effect (SSE), is present when we share a task with a real humanoid robot. Further, we tested whether the believed humanness of the robot's functional principle modulates the extent to which robotic actions are corepresented. We described the robot to participants either as functioning in a biologically inspired human-like way or in a purely deterministic machine-like manner. The SSE was present in the human-like but not in the machine-like robot condition. These findings suggest that humans corepresent the actions of nonbiological robotic agents when they start to attribute human-like cognitive processes to the robot. Our findings provide novel evidence for top-down modulation effects on action corepresentation in human-robot interaction situations.</P>
Choi, Jin Nam,Chang, Jae Yoon American Psychological Association, etc.] 2009 Journal of Applied Psychology Vol.94 No.1
<P>The present study integrates institutional factors and employee-based collective processes as predictors of 2 key implementation outcomes: implementation effectiveness and innovation effectiveness (Klein, Conn, & Sorra, 2001). Specifically, the authors proposed that institutional factors shape employees' collective implementation efficacy and innovation acceptance. The authors further hypothesized that these employee-based collective processes mediate the effects of institutional factors on implementation outcomes. This integrative framework was examined in the context of 47 agencies and ministries of the Korean Government that were implementing a process innovation called E-Government. Three-wave longitudinal data were collected from 60 external experts and 1,732 government employees. The results reveal the importance of management support for collective implementation efficacy, which affected employees' collective acceptance of the innovation. As hypothesized, these collective employee dynamics mediated the effects of institutional enablers on successful implementation as well as the amount of long-term benefit that accrued to the agencies and ministries. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved).</P>
Shin, Eunsam,Hopfinger, Joseph B.,Lust, Sarah A.,Henry, Erika A.,Bartholow, Bruce D. American Psychological Association 2010 Psychology of addictive behaviors Vol.24 No.3
<P>Low sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol is a known risk factor for alcoholism. However, little is known concerning potential information-processing routes by which this risk factor might contribute to increased drinking. We tested the hypothesis that low-sensitivity (LS) participants would show biased attention to alcohol cues, compared with their high-sensitivity (HS) counterparts. Participants performed a task in which alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverage cues were presented bilaterally followed by a target that required categorization by color. Response times were faster for targets appearing in alcohol-cued than non-alcohol-cued locations for LS but not for HS participants. Event-related potential markers of early attention orienting (P1 amplitude) and subsequent attention reorienting (ipsilateral invalid negativity amplitude) indicated preferential selective attention to alcohol-cued locations among LS individuals. Controlling for recent drinking and family history of alcoholism did not affect these patterns, except that among HS participants, relatively heavy recent drinking was associated with difficulty reorienting attention away from alcohol-cued locations. These findings suggest a potential information-processing bias through which low sensitivity could lead to heavy alcohol involvement.</P>