영어 구어체의 특징에 관한 연구 - 영화 Spotlight에 나오는 표현을 중심으로 -

이상혁 현대영미어문학회 2017 현대영미어문학회 추계학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

The main purpose of this paper is to examine how native speakers of English carry out their everyday conversations with one another by observing and analyzing English colloquial expressions found in the movie Spotlight. The study results show that some grammatical elements are omitted and discourse markers such as ‘you know’ and ‘I mean’ are frequently used. In some cases, ungrammatical forms of expressions are observed in the dialogues.

Eliot과 Byron의 초기작에 나타난 허무주의 비교

전조영 한국현대영미어문학회 2002 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.7 No.1

George G Byron tried to explain complications and agonies of the 19th century by suggesting 'the typical hero' through his works. People needed a hero badly because they had undergone spiritual chaos in spite of the economical affluences and indestrialization and endured the conservative absolutism in spite of the political liberalism and nationalism. The byronic hero in Chide Harold;s Pilgrimage Which had brought literary success to Byron was skeptical and pessimistic. The failure of the French revolution representing liberalism and democracy rought him despair and frustration and Europe he pilgrimized was the object of the frustration of freedom and the negation of the past. Harold attached to pessimism, war, death and nihilism understood the despair and the frustration of the age. Harold who had visited Greece as the glorious past and myth and Italy as the return of nature and arts showed the pessimistic and tragic hero through negation and skepticism. T.S. Eliot described life styles of human beings in the modern world through his poems. It seems that these life styles represent his spiritual viewpoints on the real world and human life. The variation of life styles in his poems reveals the change of his view points on the real world and human life, and his attitude toward them. Eliot reveals human life indulged in the pursuit if instantaneous impulse and desire in the deserted modern world which repeats merely 'birth, copulation, and death' through The Waste Land. By revealing sexual degradation, discontinuity of communication, endless desire for material gain, and life of impulse without purpose, he as one of the residents of the deserted land is urging that human beings should recognize the futility of the real world and try to free themselves from the inferno of the real world. In conclusiion, two poets of the different times had reached the highest level through development of his spiritual explorations of the real world and human beings. It is a vision that human beings should try to live a harmonious life here and now, and should recognize the importance of the real world.

휘트먼의 죽음과 재생의 의미

윤선경 한국현대영미어문학회 2002 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.7 No.1

Whitman expressed death and rebirth in his Leaves of Grass. Turning away from the literary tradition in his days, he wrote his poems with various forms of Modern free verse, and frankly approached subjects that were not openly discussed. Death was explored deeply in his old age. He doubted death annulle Self, but his conmic Self was in contact with immortality. In it, his poet attitude and conception entered the world of mysticism. As for the poet death bestowed all human being sequally and was not a fearful matter Rather, it was a process that gave birth to new life. In Karma which determines the form of the next reirth, all livingthings were reborn to participate in a process of cosmic evolution. Overcoming fear caused from the fear of death, there was no death in the poet's world. His Leaves of Grass was written with such deep poet mind and imagination. In accordance with such thoughts, his unique poet view which was distinguished from that of his days, was established.

영어음절의 複線的 構造

김진균 한국현대영미어문학회 2002 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.7 No.1

The purpose of this thesis is to show that the non-linear mode of representation in the English syllable has a superiority over the linear one in many ways. In traditional phonology suprasegmental features are treated as if they were segmental ones. As the phonological phenomena such as those of suprasegmentals that could not be explained within the framework of linear phonology were studied, many phonologists began to realize the fact that the suprasegmental level is separated from the segmental one and regarded as an independent tier. As a result, this thesis analyzes the English syllable within the autosegmental framework. This thesis shows that the segments within an English syllable are not linearly but hierarchically organized, and that nucleus and coda constitute a rhyme that acts as a unit. In addition to that, it is maintained that the onset can have three consonants as a maximum consonant cluster, the nucleus, one short vowel or the combination of a short vowel and a glide, and the coda, three consonants as the maximum.

정보화 사회의 영어교육

김인철 한국현대영미어문학회 2000 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.5 No.-

This paper is concerned with English education in the information society. With the recent rapid development of computer hardware and software the contents and methods in teaching English have been altered greatly. The use of multimedia and the Internet as a means of language teaching is increasing with the acceleration of the information technology. Using multimedia and the Internet in language learning makes it possible for teachers to devote more time to interacting with their students. Above all, it arouses the students' motivation for learning. It enables each student to study with efficient speed equal to his ability. Both the teachers and the students can choose their own efficient style for their classes. As the students are efficiently stimulated through visual and auditory materials, they can be easily motivated to utilize and develop creative techniques by using multimedia and the Internet. It would be desirable that existing concepts of lineal education should be innovated to allow more student-centered lessons and to expose to contents and experiences according to their own demands in the information society.

Shakespeare와 Cronin의 소네트에 나타난 주제와 시율비교 : The Sonnets 와 The End of the Modern World를 중심으로

신동일 한국현대영미어문학회 2001 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.6 No.1

This work is an attempt to survey the themes of the Shakespeare's The Sonnets and Cronin's The End of the Modern World, and to clarify prosody and meter in fixed meters between them. And the latter focused on the characteristics of phonological domain in Modern English through classifying Prosodic Rules, Resolutions, Metrical Rules, Rhythm Rule, Extrametrical rule, Iambic Inversion and pause in their lines. The Sonnets consists of 154 poems and its main theme is love among the poet and a young man and a dark lady. The first part(1-17) deals with advices of a friend's marriage and succession of his beauty. The second part(18-126) shows admirations and advices of a young man, and the last part(127-154) the beauty of a dark lady and his blame of her disgrace. Shakespeare transformed the recognition of life and love into 'verbal fluency' and 'diversity'. He showed not romantic but real love and used various techniques to widely express the same theme. On the other hand, The End of the Modern World is made up of 161 poems and their themes are about his personal aspects of world events and artists as witness. He gathers up all the materials of thirty years of thought, combines all his readings in European philosophy and history. It has three parts; the first part(1-48), the second(49-98), and the last(99-161). Each part, he described his ideas and complex speculation about various topics. He pursues the real world for common people. In iambic pentameter, there are 5 meters consisted of 5 stressed syllables and 5 stressless ones. But sometimes the line appears more or less than 10 syllables. In the more syllables' case, it needs to control the number of syllables by prosodic rules and resolutions. In the less, however, pause or catalexis is needed. This study analyzed the lines of Cronin's poems, to set up his metrical rules, and to compare his rules in meter with those of Shakespeare. As to his Prosodic Rules, Resolution, Rhythm Rule, and other rules, we find that there is no remarkable difference in his poems from Shakespeare's. Considering these prosody and meter in the fixed meters, study on metrical rules reflect the unique characteristics of real utterances of English, and help taste and hear the poetry as it is.

영문학과 호랑이

金承潤 한국현대영미어문학회 2001 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.6 No.1

Following in English literature the poetic image of the tiger, we start, somewhat arbitrarily, with Blake's haunting lines on "The Tyger," in Songs of Innocence. Everyone has read this poem, and no one ever forgets the more striking images - Tyger! Tyger! burning bright/In the forests of the night,/What immortal hand or eye/Could frame thy fearful symmetry?" - It will not be necessary to attempt an explication of the metaphysical or theological meaning of this poem, which has been interpreted in a variety of ways. It seems clear that Blake is here somehow concerned with the problem of evil, and of what mysterious purposes God may have had in creating what is, or seems, evil, or dangerous forces, and introducing them into the same world as innocence. What we are mainly concerned with is the unforgettable picture of the magnificent and terrible creature with eyes of fire encountered in the forests of the night. I suppose this fascinating and fearful figure has made his appearance in many poems and stories since Blake's poem was first published. In this paper, some of these appearances in English poetry since 1920 are considered. But there are some characterizing features of this image that are not present in Blake and not readily to be accounted for by anything in Blake's poem. Blake's tiger was not shown us in action as an immediate menace to anyone destined to be his victim, and there is nothing specifically to anticipate Eliot's terrifying line in "Gerontion." Following in English poetry the trail of the springing or leaping tiger, we have noted that in Blake's famous poem there is no reference to the beast's leap, which makes its appearance in James's story and Eliot's "Gerontion." What most impresses us in Blake is the tiger's eyes burning bright in the forests of the night. In James what impresses us is not merely the springing but also the crouching beast that has impressed the imagination of some of English poets.

예이츠 시에 나타난 성(性)의 대립

한기웅 한국현대영미어문학회 2001 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.6 No.2

When we are going to try to illustrate Yeats's poems fully, it is one of good methods to examine contrastive elements based on his three kinds of poems such as love, history, and philosophy. And his theory on poetry which is revealed by himself, that is, "A poet writes always of his personal life" gives us good information for research. He loved somebody and was disappointed by someone totally. As a result, his life apparently had had so much remorse and isolation. According to his comment, He loved too long. It made troubles. And it also made antipathy against his lover. Those elements were evidently loss for his life, but at the same time, good fruit for his poems also. If he could write highly matured poems, it would be thanks to pain by his lover. Richard Ellmann is saying how Yeats loved his lover by this comments; For a moment, 'the ears being deafened, the sight of the eyes blind with lightning,' Yeats did not know what to do. Then he went through with his lecture, and afterwards members of the audience congratulated him on its excellence, but he could never remember a word of what he had said. And this emotion became a system of his philosophy, strictly speaking, his entire poems. His last poems are good examples to expose opposition system of his poems, which became his system of idea. He understood all his philosophy in opposition or confrontation. The Great Wheel just was that. History has been turning without ceasing in the system of opposition. All history is repeating through opposition and antagonism. The poems which represents those system are "Leda and Swan," "Two Songs from a Play," "The Second Coming" and so on. Yeats made an explanation about the system by the phases of the moon. It starts from 1 phases to 28 phases. 1 is the beginning of some culture and 28 the last. Before one culture is extinguished, another culture will be born. And two other cultures make troubles each other in confrontation. He illustrated these facts by primary gyre(or cone) and antithetical gyre (or cone). A full years that the moon turns around a whole circle are 2000. Therefore, has 2000 passed, culture will be disappeared by another culture.

버어나드 쇼우의 페이비언주의와 사회개선사상

서윤교 한국현대영미어문학회 2001 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.6 No.2

Bernard Shaw gave the vital power in British circle where was inactive through the work activity on various subject from the end of 19th century to the beginning of 20th. With the presentation of Life Force he developed the theory of creative evolution and presented the vision for the evolutionary development of life itself. Besides, Shaw insisted that the human institution must meet the flexibility accompanying with the ascending movement of life and according to this need, fabianism was suggested to overcome the weakness of the capitalism and remove the illusion of the socialism. Fabianism was formulated from the ethical attitude obtained from the inversion of capitalistic logic and optional addition of economical knowledge from Marx, Ricardo, and Adam Smith as well as the influence upon J.S.Mill and Robert Owen. Shaw was greatly influenced by Henry George in the realization of socialistic policy as the criticism of the capitalism and object achievement of socialism. In his various works Shaw's wish was the formation of beneficial agency organization which synthesized ill-balanced produce in a region and distribute it as residents' effort and Shaw found that the land rent was the capitalistic toxin of the capitalism. Shaw tried gradual reformation through the permeation into liberalists. Those days he pointed out socialists' illusion boldly. He recognized that success or failure of nation's organization depends on how people operate it and found the realistic method of mass production of gentlemen class. But Shaw recognized that human remodeling needs considerable time because men are accustomed to traditional method of life and thinking. The presentation of Shaw's superman as the subject who can create and manage a new way of life and improved world may be connected with the progress will of Shaw's Life Force. He pointed out that the socialism except Fabianism as well as Marxism is the intellectual disguise of proletariat liberalism, criticizing that socialists have a point of view of liberalistic illusion. The illusion he pointed out is religious one that revolutionary day would be the beginning of golden age and the Marxist drama of class struggle. It is reasonable that Shaw's fabian thought is spititual rather than material. Shaw's recognition that no one can reform himself before the society would develop upwards and reform is humanistic. The situation improvement and the evolutinary development should be the task simultaneously driven, so in conclusion, we can think that permeation and the general progressivism present the basic principles of Shaw's idea and the literature activity.

Word Order in Old English Proses

Lee, Kang Jung 한국현대영미어문학회 2002 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.7 No.1

It has been said that, in synthetic language like OE, word order has little or no influence upon meaning; the inflectional morphemes do the work of grammatical function in a sentence. But two recent studies, those of Ann Shannon and Charles R. Carton, reach the conclusion that word order was important in OE. At the Nps, the preferred word order is for all modifiers to precede the head noun, and the most frequent order closely resembles that of the present-day English: quantifier, demonstrative pronoun/ possessive pronoun, numeral, oper 'other', adjective(one or more), genitive noun, head. But there are exceptions cases by cases. Word order at the clause level in OE is a puzzling combination of the familiar and alien: while some word orders are rather like those of the present-day English, others are very different. Close inspections reveals that OE word order differs in major respects from that of Mod.E., and that some important changes must have taken place between the Old and Modern periods. We usually say OE is SOV language. In reality, there is a good deal of variation, but we can see this clearly only when we distinguish the position of the finite verb from that of the non-finite verb.