우리나라 大衆媒體에서의 産業保建및 環境 關聯 記事報道에 關한 硏究

강남달,이병국 순천향 대학교 산업의학연구소 1995 순천향산업의학 Vol.1 No.1

Rapid industrialization and the increase of public awareness of decreasing availability of natural resources in the confined world for the future use has brought great attentions in the environmental and industrial health issues which were regarded as very low priority national problems in the past and often regarded as a unavoidable unwanted side-products of national development in the past. Recently the necessity of environmental protection for conservation of our earth for future in one of most important issues we must solve. Accordingly, environmental and industrial health issued have been appeared more frequently in mass media recently than last decade. The evaluation of articles on these issues appeared in domestic mass media will provide better understanding for the future approach of environmental protection and healthful living of workers. As a park of evaluation, various information reported by domestic mass media about environmental and health Issues are classified in terms of frequency of reporting, type of issues, sourced of information and other related variables. Authors collected and analyzed all the reports on water and air pollution, waste products disposal, noise and vibration, and occupational diseases from the five major domestic daily newspapers and the two TV broadcasting corporations. The newspapers selected for our study were HanGyeRe Shinmun, Dong-A Ilbo, Cho Sun Ilbo, Han Kook Ilbo, and Joong Do Ilbo which were published from January 1992 to June 1993. The TV broadcasting corporations were Korea Broadcasting Corporation (KBS) and Munwha Broadcasting Corporation(MBC). During one and half year of study period 1,475 reports were collected form 5 domestic daily newspapers and two TV broadcasting corporations. The results are as follows: 1. Cho Sun Ilbo reported most frequently on environmental and occupational health issues(305 cases) among 5 domestic daily newspapers, and on the other hand, KBS reported more cases on these issues than MBC. 2. While the most frequent topic among 6 sub classification of topics such as quality of water, air, waste, noise & vibration, occupational diseases and general environmental issues was general environmental issues (462 cases: 31.3%), the next one was water pollution(368 cases: 25%). On the other hand, the issues on waste material(312 cases:21.2%), air pollution(189 caess:12.8%), occupational diseases(111 caes:7.53%) and noise & vibration(33 cases:2.24%) were appeared in decreasing order. 3. While the home sewage disposal was appeared in 25.7 percents of total reports on water pollution and revealed as a most important cause of this issue, Soot and smoke(SO2)from factories and motor vehicles (39.6%) for the category of air pollution, home wastes products (59.6%) for that of waste material. CS2(30.1%) for that of occupational diseases and noise & vibration form construction fields for that of noise & vibration were classified as most important cause of each issues respectively. 4. The frequency of reports on the environmental and occupational health issues were differed by each newspaper and TV broadcasting corporation. While Cho Sun Ilbo produced more reports on air pollution and waste disposal than other mass media HanGyeRe produced more reports on occupational diseases than other mass media in terms of cases. On the other hand, general environmental policies was the more frequent issues in Han Kook Ilbo, Dong A Ilbo and MBC than other mass media. But JoonDo Ilbo and KBS reported more frequently on the issue of the quality of water than other mass media. 5. While the environmental and occupational health issues was appeared most frequently in the page of society(30.0%), they were appeared in the page of Synthesis 2 Page(11.9%), Environmental page(11.0%) and page of editorial and explanation platform (10.8%). The attitude of mass media dealing with environmental and occupational issues were differed and the allocation of the page on these issues were differed by each mass media It was revealed that HanGyeRe put their emphasis on environmental contamination with using various pages of editorial explanation platform, planning page, critical discussion section. On the other hand, Cho Sun Ilbo and Dong A Ilbo specially prepared environmental section per week to deal with concerned issues. 6. While domestic daily newspapers obtained most frequently their information of reports on environmental and occupational issues from research papers, two TV broadcasting corporation obtained their source of issues from their own observation with the comparison of the foreign country data. 7. Planned reports consisted of 262 campaign and 11 special planned reports. Among262 campaign, Cho Sun Ilbo and KBS reported 153 case and 82case respectively. 11 special planned reports were produced only by HanGyeRe(1 caes), KBS(6 cases) and MBC(4 cases). While the most frequent topic of environmental and occupational issues in the 262 campaign was waste disposal, environmental policy was the most frequent topic in special planned reports.

5년간 집단 검진에 의한 연취급 사업장 근로자들의 건강수준 평가

차영수,이성수,안규동,한구웅,이병국 순천향 대학교 산업의학연구소 출판부 1995 순천향산업의학 Vol.1 No.1

To evaluate the health status of workers in lead using industries under supervision by Soonchunhyang University Institute of Industrial Medicine as part of program of group occupational health service and find out longitudinal changes of health status of lead workers through the service for 5 years from 1989 to 1993, authors analyzed 5 years's periodic health examination data which comprised 29 lead using industries with 40,035 total cumulative number of workers. Selected variables for this study were screening results of general health examination and final results of confirmative health examination for the general health examination which dealt with office workers and blue collar workers with no exposure of hazardous condition. For the special health examination, zinc protoporphyrin in whole blood (ZPP) and screening results of special health examination were selected for study variables. For the confirmative special health examination with screening positive workers, blood lead(PbB), delta-aminolevulinic acid in urine, ZPP, and final result were selected for study variables. Information on age, sex, and type of industries were also collected. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The five years screening positive rate for general health examination was 13.7% and 5 years rate for C category which did not need further confirmative recheck was 5.2%. 2. While the proportion of liver disease in C category in primary general health examination was 49.2% those of anemic disease and hypertensive disease were 23.3% and 27.5% respectively. 3. Five years screening positive rate and negative rate for storage battery industries, secondary smelting related industries, telecommunication related industries and other industries were 83.4% and 12.4 %, 76.5% and 17.5%, 75.5% and16.4%, and 79.5 and 14.4% respectively. 4. Screening positive rate for 5 years were increased as age increased from 9.0%(age less than 30 years ) to 21.1% (age more than 40 years). 5. Only 22.1% of screening positive workers for 5 years general health examination were diagnosed as confirmed general diseases and 33.1% were revealed as normal. The rate of confirmed general diseases were differed by the type of industries and they were increased by age increased. 6. The rate confirmed general disease and non-disease in screening positive of liver, cardiovascular, tuberculosis and chest, anemic and renal disease category were 25.5% & 14,5%, 22.8% &37.2% 21.5% &23.0% 62.0% & 7.0%, and 16.5% & 53.9% respectively. 7. The 5 years prevalence rate of confirmed general disease(D_(2)/total workers) and prevalence rate of abnormal finding(C+D_(2)) were 3.21% and 14.9% as a whole. By the screened disease category, those rate were 1.23% &6.89% for liver disease, 1.17% & 5.43% for cardiovascular disease, 0.96% &1.64% for tuberculosis and chest disease, 0.76% & 1.02% for anemic disease and 0.03% & 0.06% for renal disease respectively. 8. The five years screening positive rate of all lead workers with the criteria of the measurement of ZPP(>=100㎍/㎗) was 10.2% (female lead workers :25.5% male lead workers :8.1%). The positive rate has tendency to decrease year by year from 1989 to 1993. The phenomenon of decrease of rate was significant in storage battery industries, but not apparent in secondary smelting related industries. 9. The proportion of lead poisoning (D_(1)) among screening positive of lead workers was 14.9% for 5 year special health examination and rest of screening positive were diagnosed as high lead absorption. White the proportion of D_(1) was 8.8% in storage battery industries, that was 23.9% in secondary smelting related industries. 10. The distribution of screening positive lead workers by the group of ZPP for 5 years as a whole was 48.3%, 20.9%, 20.5% and 10.3% in the group of ZPP 100-149㎍/㎗, 150-199㎍/㎗, 200-299㎍/㎗ and above 300㎍/㎗, respectively. 11. The proportion of screening positive lead workers whose blood lead were above 60㎍/㎗ and whose urine ALA were above 10㎎/ℓ were 53.3% and 61.4%, respectively. 12. The 5 year overall prevalence rate of lead poisoning (D_(1)/all lead workers) was 0.142%(female lead workers:0.116%, male lead workers:0.145). For the rate of high lead absorption((C+D_(1))/all lead workers) was 0.945%(female lead workers:2.36, male lead workers :0.756). The above prevalence was decreased in later year of study period than early year of study period.

零細 事業場 勞動者의 生産安全 保健의 知識과 態度에 關한 硏究

최창수,이병국 순천향 대학교 산업의학연구소 1995 순천향산업의학 Vol.1 No.1

For the better knowledge to find out the possible causes of high industrial accident rate in small-scale manufacturing industries, questionnaire study was conducted with the workers who worked in the factories with high industrial accident rates and those with no accident rates in a defined period. Three hundred and seven workers(male:271, female:36) classified as industrial accident group who selected from factories which showed higher industrial accident rate that average rate of manufacturing industries. One hundred and fifty eight workers(male:145. female:13) were selected from factories without any accident rate during the same time period of industrial accident group. 27 items of questionnaire concerning to the knowledge and attitude on industrial safety and health were provided to all 465 workers and the comparison results of questionnaires between two groups are as follows; 1. While 50.6% of control group understood well the regulation about health and safety, only 35.8% industrial accident group understood well about the regulation and the rate of understanding of regulation was particularly low in workers whose age were young or whose work duration was short. 2. While most control workers (86.7%)thought that worker’s own fault was the primary cause of industrial accident, 63.2% of industrial accident group answered their own fault as primary cause of industrial accident and significantly differed from control group. 3. The control group showed high percentage of happy feeling during their work(42.7%) than industrial accident group(27.4%). The main cause of unhappy feeling during their works was overload in both group. 4. To the question about most important concerning topic for industrial safety and health in their factories, accident prevention was highest in both group ( control group: 67.1% and industrial accident group:42.0%) as a overall but the achievement of desired goal was highest percentage in industrial accident group workers whose work duration were less than 3 years. 5. The non-wearing rate of proper personal protective equipment was differed between two group(control:8.1% and industrial accident group:26.9%). The main reason for non-wearing of personal proctective equipment was inconvenient.

일부 여성 근로자들의 산업보건 지식 및 태도에 관한 연구

김남숙,이병국 순천향 대학교 산업의학연구소 1995 순천향산업의학 Vol.1 No.1

For the purpose of obtaining basic information for the implementation of occupational Health service for woman workers, the knowledge and attitude questionnaire study was carried out on 587 woman workers who were working in textile, machinery, chemical and other industries in Chunan area. The results of this study were as follows: 1. While more than 50% of woman workers in textile machinery and chemical industries worked 44 hours per week, higher proportion woman workers in other industries worked more than 48 hours per week. 2. The joining rate of trade union of workers was 68.5%, but the active participation rate was low regardless of type of industries. 3. While 48% of workers in textile industries thought their health as good condition only 29.3% of workers in chemical industries thought their health as good one. The rate of women in good health was higher in workers whose age were under 30 than those over 30. 4. While 55.2% of total workers answered their working conditions as normal, only 17.9% of workers did that their working condition were in good and bad condition. 5. Television was the most important source of information for occupational disease and hearing from colleague was next important source. On the other hand, 20.6% of workers answered that they never hear the word “occupational disease”. 6. While 53.7% of workers thought that improvement of working condition is the most important method for the prevention of occupational disease and 13.4% or workers thought that annual health examination is the most. On the other hand on 2.4% of workers thought that there was no method to prevent occupational diseases.

고농도 연폭로 근로자들에서의 요중 총단백 배설과 N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase 활성치 연구

이병국,안규동,함정오,이성수 순천향 대학교 산업의학연구소 1995 순천향산업의학 Vol.1 No.1

To clarify the effect of occupational lead exposure on renal function 265 leas workers working in 5 lead acid battery industries and 2 secondary smelting industries were studied in 1992 and 263 lead workers from same lead using industries were studied in 1993. Due to the high turn-over rate of lead industries only 148 lead workers were followed up for two consecutive year study. Study variables for renal effect were urinary total protein (U-TP), urinary NAG, blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine (S-Cr), and serum uric acid (S-Ua). On the other hand, blood lead (PbB), zinc protoporphyrin in whole blood(ZPP), delta- aminolevulinic acid in urine (DALA), hemoglobin(Hb) and hematocrit(Hct) were selected for the variables of lead exposure. Information on age, sex, work duration of lead workers were also obtained. Fifteen symptom questionnaires of lead exposure were provided to the lead workers and filled up by themselves and reconfirmed by medical doctor during interview. The cross-sectional observation of lead workers for 1992 and 1993 revealed that only the mean of NAG was significantly increased by the increase of PbB for two year study and the mean of BUN was significantly increased by the increased of PbB only in 1992 study, but there were significant mean differences of NAG and BUN between blood lead below 60㎍/㎗ and above 60㎍/㎗. On the other hand, there were no significant mean differences of indices of renal effect by the increase of ZPP, but the increase of DALA made the significant differences of means of NAG for two year study and made those of BUN, S-Cr and S-Ua in 1992 study. The frequency of workers whose value of renal function indicators were over the normal criteria (BUN>20㎎/㎗; S-Cr>1.2㎎/㎗; S-Ua>7.0㎎/㎗; NAG>8.0U/liter; U-TP>8.0㎎/㎗) by the level of PbB, ZPP and DALA were calculated. While only frequency of over the normal criteria of NAG by the level of PbB showed dose-response relationship for two each years study, that of NAG and S-Ua by the level of DALA showed dose-response relationship in 1992 study and there was no significant renal indices who showed dose-response relationship with the level of ZPP. In the longitudinal observation of 148 lead workers for one year follow up there was significant increase of mean PbB(p<0.01) for one year study period, and there were significant decrease of mean value of ZPP, Hb and Hct(p<0.01). Among the indices of renal effect, there was significant increase of mean of S-Ua and significant decrease of mean of S-Cr for one year study period. In the high lead absorption workers whose blood lead were over 60㎍/㎗, the proportion of abnormal value of NAG and U-TP were increased by the one year study period. While ZPP and DALA showed significant correlation with PbB in both year, Only NAG among indices of renal effect has statistically significant correlation with PbB in 1993 but not in 1992. There were no mean differences of prevalence of 15 lead related symptoms between two year. The most frequent symptom was fatigue and the most rare symptom was colicky pain around umbricus. There was no dosed-response relationship between lead related symptoms and lead exposure indices. With above results, NAG was found to be most reliable indicator who showed dose-response relationship with lead exposure. It is highly recommended that the addition of NAG measurement for battery of renal effect test in the medical surveillance of lead workers.