홍순인의 충북대학교 건축 계획 특성 및 지속성 - 마스터플랜 및 교육 건축물 계획을 중심으로

김재섭 충북대학교 2022 국내석사

1979년 건축가 홍순인이 캠퍼스의 체계적인 발전을 위해 충북대학교의 첫 번째 마스터플랜을 계획하였다. 마스터플랜은 대부분 현실화되어 현재까지 남아있으며 이를 통해 현재 캠퍼스 모습의 기반을 마련하였다. 또한 홍순인은 마스터플랜 수립과 동시에 각 단과 대학의 교육 건축물 7동을 계획하였다. 마스터플랜을 기반으로 계획된 충북대학교의 교육 건축물은 캠퍼스의 건축적 정체성을 형성하는 공통적 특성과 각 단과 대학 별 독창성을 동시에 형성하고 있다. 대학과 교육 공간에 대한 건축가 홍순인의 생각이 마스터플랜과 7동의 교육 건축물 계획을 통해 드러나고 있으며 충북대학교의 건축적 특성을 만들어내고 있다. 홍순인의 계획에 사용된 건축 개념들은 지금까지도 충북대학교의 장기 발전 계획의 토대가 되고 있어 그 영향력이 크다고 볼 수 있다. 충북대학교의 건축에 대한 선행연구는 비교적 부족한 상황이다. 중정형 외부 공간 구성에 대한 연구와 교육 건축물의 건축 계획 특성과 시기별 변천 과정에 대한 연구가 진행되었다. 두 선행연구 모두 홍순인의 계획에 대한 내용을 직간접적으로 다루고 있다. 충북대학교의 건축적 특성을 보다 정확하게 이해하기 위해 건축가 홍순인의 계획에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 건축가 홍순인이 계획한 충북대학교의 건축 작업을 분석하여 지속성과 영향력을 지닌 홍순인의 건축 계획 개념을 파악하는 것이 목적이다. 또한 그것이 유지될 수 있도록 정리하여 충북대학교의 건축 정체성이 확립될 수 있도록 한다. 우선 건축가 홍순인의 충북대학교 건축 계획 개념을 파악하고 현재까지 이어지는 지속성을 확인해 충북대학교의 건축적 정체성을 대표하고 있음을 보이고자 한다. 또한 건축가 홍순인이 충북대학교 계획을 통해 드러내고자 했던 교육 공간에 대한 생각과 충북대학교의 건축적 특성을 도출해내는 것이 목적이다. 연구는 홍순인이 계획한 충북대학교의 첫 번째 마스터플랜에 대한 분석과 충북대학교 내 9동의 건물 중 7동의 교육 건축물(공학관, 농학관, 교육관, 사회과학관, 건설공학관, 자연과학관, 인문관)을 대상으로 평면 계획과 입면 계획에 대한 분석을 진행한다. 마스터플랜의 분석은 ‘이상헌(1988), 젊은 건축가 홍순인 : 작품과 그 생애, 집문사’에 수록된 1979년의 충북대학교 현황 배치도, 마스터플랜 계획 배치도, 최신의 충북대학교 배치도를 대상으로 진행한다. 교육 건축물의 분석은 공학관, 농학관, 교육관, 사회과학관, 건설공학관, 자연과학관, 인문관을 대상으로 진행한다. 평면 계획의 분석은 ‘이상헌(1988), 젊은 건축가 홍순인 : 작품과 그 생애, 집문사’에 수록된 계획 당시의 평면도를 대상으로 분석을 진행한다. 입면 계획 분석은 7동의 교육 건축물이 건립 이후 그대로 유지되고 있어 사진 촬영을 통해 분석을 진행하였다. 마스터플랜과 교육 건축물의 평면 계획 및 입면 계획을 각각 분석한다. 이를 종합하여 건축가 홍순인의 충북대학교 계획 개념을 도출한다. 마스터플랜 분석은 선행 연구와 홍순인을 대상으로 한 저서를 기반으로 분석을 위한 요소를 도출하였다. 이를 바탕으로 세 배치도를 분석하여 각각의 특성을 파악한다. 이후 ‘(A)1979년 현황 배치도’와 ‘(B)1979년 계획 배치도’의 비교분석을 통해 캠퍼스의 변화 내용과 특징을 파악하여 마스터플랜의 건축적 개념을 확인한다. 또한 ‘(B)1979년 계획 배치도’와 ‘(C)2015년 현황 배치도’를 비교분석하여 그의 계획 개념이 지닌 지속성 및 영향력의 확인을 통해 충북대 마스터플랜의 정체성을 대표하고 있음을 확인하고 현재까지 유지되는 그의 개념을 파악한다. 교육 건축물의 평면 계획 분석은 선행 연구 고찰을 통한 대학교 내 교육 건축물 계획 특성 파악과 마스터플랜의 내용을 바탕으로 분석 기준을 마련한다. 도출된 분석 요소를 바탕으로 7동의 평면 계획을 분석한다. 분석의 내용을 바탕으로 교육 건축물 7동의 평면 게획을 비교하여 홍순인이 충북대학교 교육 건축물 계획에 반영한 우선 순위 및 설계의 원칙을 정리한다. 입면 계획 분석은 입면에 드러나는 요소(입면을 구성하는 매스의 구성 방식, 출입구와 포치, 질서, 장식적 표현, 창 등)로서 육안으로 파악 가능한 부분을 분석의 기준으로 삼는다. 개별 건축물의 입면 계획을 분석하여 개별 특징을 파악하고 이를 종합하여 특성을 도출하여 마스터플랜과 평면 계획과 함께 충북대학교의 건축적 특성을 파악할 수 있도록 한다. 연구 결과 지속성을 지닌 홍순인의 마스터플랜 계획 개념은 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다. 첫 번째는 ‘지형의 변경을 통한 충북대학교의 정체성 확보 및 유지’이다. 두 번째는 ‘조닝을 통해 구축된 영역성 확보’이다. 세 번째는 ‘영역성에 따른 건축물의 형태 구성’이다. 네 번째는 ‘외부 공간의 연결과 반복을 통한 공간감 확보’이다. 또한 교육 건축물 7동의 평면도를 분석한 결과 홍순인의 평면 계획 특성과 설계 원칙은 다음 세 개념으로 정리할 수 있다. 첫 번째는 ‘중복도와 홀 구성 방식의 공유’이다. 두 번째는 ‘형태적 특성과 진입 방식의 유사성’이다. 세 번째는 ‘공간 조닝 방식과 홀의 위계 구분’이다. 교육 건축물 7동의 벽돌 입면을 분석하여 대학 캠퍼스 건물들이 가지는 공통점으로서 개성과 개별 건물의 특성은 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다. 첫 번째, 각 건물은 구성의 측면에서 매스의 위치와 높이를 구분하면서 기능의 분리를 입면에서 드러내고 있다. 두 번째, 출입구 구성 방식은 정면에 드러내는 방식과 사람들을 관통시키며 측면에 위치해 출입구가 드러나지 않는 방식이 있으며 주기능의 일부가 비워지며 공간이 확보된다. 세 번째, 주 기능 매스에서 주로 다양한 표현이 나타나고 부기능 매스는 벽면으로 구성되어져 두 기능이 구분됨을 보인다. 입면의 질서는 주로 창의 리듬감과 벽돌 사용 유무를 통해 다양성을 만들어가고 있다. 네 번째, 벽돌 장식은 쌓기 방식을 달리 하면서 모서리 부분을 표현하는 방식들로 나타난다. 다섯 번째, 각 건물은 서로 다른 크기와 모양의 창을 사용하고, 각 창호의 상인방과 하인방 부분에 벽돌 표현을 통해 입면의 다양성을 만들어가고 있다. In 1979, architect Hong Soon In planned the first master plan of Chungbuk National University for the systematic development of the campus. Most of the master plan has been realized and remains to this day, and through this, the foundation of the present campus has been laid. In addition, Hong Soonin planned 7 educational buildings for each college at the same time as establishing the master plan. The educational buildings of Chungbuk National University, planned based on the master plan, form the common characteristics that form the architectural identity of the campus and the uniqueness of each college at the same time. The thoughts of Architect Hong Soon In on the university and educational space are revealed through the master plan and the seven educational building plans, creating the architectural characteristics of Chungbuk National University. The architectural concepts used in Hong Soon In's plan are still the basis of Chungbuk National University's long-term development plan, and its influence can be seen to be great. Prior research on architecture at Chungbuk National University is relatively scarce. A study on the composition of the courtyard-type external space and a study on the characteristics of the architectural plan of the educational building and the change process by period were conducted. Both previous studies deal directly or indirectly with Hong Soon In's plans. In order to understand the architectural characteristics of Chungbuk National University more accurately, it is necessary to study the plans of the architect Hong Soon In. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the architectural work of Chungbuk National University planned by the architect Hong Soon In, and to grasp the concept of the architectural plan of Hong Soon In which has continuity and influence. Also, by organizing it so that it can be maintained, the architectural identity of Chungbuk National University can be established. First of all, this study would show that the architectural plan of Chungbuk National University by architect Hong Soon In represents the architectural identity of Chungbuk National University by understanding its concept and confirming the continuity of it to the present. In addition, the purpose is to derive the architectural characteristics of Chungbuk National University and the idea of the educational space that architect Hong Soon In wanted to reveal through the Chungbuk National University plan. This study analyzed the first master plan of Chungbuk National University planned by Soonin Hong and plan, elevation of targeted 7 educational buildings (Engineering Building, Agricultural Science Building, Education Building, Social Science Building, Construction Engineering Building, Natural Science Building, Humanities Building) among 9 buildings in Chungbuk National University. The analysis of the master plan is carried out with the current site plan of Chungbuk National University in 1979, the master plan site plan, and the latest Chungbuk National University site plan included in ‘Lee Sang Heon (1988), Young Architect Hong Soon In: Works and his Life, Jibmunsa’. The analysis of educational buildings is conducted for the Engineering Building, Agriculture Building, Education Building, Social Science Building, Construction Engineering Building, Natural Science Building, and Humanities Building. The analysis of the floor plan proceeds with which is recorded in ‘Lee Sang Heon (1988), Young Architect Hong Soon In: Works and his Life, Jibmunsa’. The analysis of the elevation plan was conducted through photography, since the 7 educational buildings have been maintained until now. The study analyzes the master plan, floor plan and elevation plan of the educational building, respectively. By synthesizing these, the architect Hong Soon In’s concept of Chungbuk National University's plan is derived. The master plan analysis derived elements for analysis based on previous studies and books on Hong Soon In. Based on this, the three site plans are analyzed and the characteristics of each can be identified. After that, the architectural concept of the master plan is confirmed by grasping the contents and characteristics of changes in the campus through comparative analysis of ‘(A) site plan 1979’ and ‘(B) master plan in 1979’. In addition, by comparing and analyzing '(B) master plan in 1979' and '(C) 2015 site plan', the study grasps his plan concept which is maintained until nowadays, representing the identity of Chungbuk National University master plan through confirming continuity and influence of it. The floor plan analysis of educational buildings prepares analysis criteria based on the contents of the master plan and the identification of the characteristics of educational buildings planning in universities through prior research review. Based on the derived analysis elements, 7 floor plans are analyzed. Based on the analysis, the plan of 7 educational buildings is compared to summarize the priorities and design principles reflected by Hong Soon In in the Chungbuk National University educational building plan.Elevation planning analysis uses the elements revealed on the elevation(the composition method of the mass constituting the elevation, entrance and porch, order, decorative expression, window, etc.) as the basis for analysis, which can be grasped with the eyes. By analyzing the elevation plans of individual buildings, individual characteristics can be identified and synthesized to derive characteristics so that the architectural characteristics of Chungbuk National University can be identified along with the master plan and site plan. As a result of the study, Hong Soon In's concept of master plan planning with persistence can be summarized as follows. The first is ‘Securing and maintaining Chungbuk National University's identity through terrain change’. The second is ‘Securing territoriality through zoning’. The third is ‘Form composition of buildings according to territoriality’. The fourth is ‘Securing a space perception through connection and repetition of external spaces’. In addition, as a result of analyzing the floor plan of 7 educational buildings, Hong Soon In's plan characteristics and design principles can be summarized into the following three concepts. The first is ‘Sharing of double-loaded corridors and hall configuration methods’. The second is ‘Similarity of morphological characteristics and entry method’. The third is ‘The division of space zoning method and hall’s hierarchy’. By analyzing the brick elevation of 7 educational buildings,the characteristics of individual buildings and the features of university campus buildings as common points can be summarized as follows. First of all, each building distinguishes the position and height of the mass in terms of configuration, revealing the separation of functions on the elevation. Second, the entrance configuration method includes a method of revealing in front and a method of not revealing the entrance because it penetrates people and is located on the side, and part of the main function is emptied and space is secured. Third, various expressions mainly appear in the main function mass, and side function mass is composed of walls, showing that the two functions are distinguished. The order of elevation is mainly creating diversity through the rhythms of window composition and brick use. Fourth, brick decorations appear in ways that express corners while varying the stacking method. Fifth, each building uses windows of different sizes and shapes, and varies the elevation through brick expressions in the upper lintel and lower lintel of each window.

충북대학교 의과대학에 등록한 시신기증인들의 사회적 특성

황선종 충북대학교 2012 국내석사

의학교육 및 연구에 필요한 적정한 기증시신을 지속적으로 확보하고자 대학의 시신기증 프로그램에 등록된 기증 희망자들의 사회적 특성을 알아보았다. 충북대학교에 등록된 자료를 모아서 분석하고 전국 10개 대학과 비교하였으며, 충북대학교 의과대학의 시신기증 등록자 128명에 대하여 전화 설문조사를 시행하였다. 등록자 수는 1999년부터 급격히 증가하기 시작하여 2005년도이후에는 의학교육에 충분한 기증이 이루어지고 있었다. 2005년도 이후의 변화를 조사한 결과 충북대학교에서는 등록인의 수가 완만하게 증가하고 있으나 전국 10개 대학의 경우 소폭 감소하는 추세이다. 등록시 나이는 70대가 33.9%로 가장 많았으며 60대(28.9%)와 50대(22%)가 뒤를 이었다. 가족 중 2인 이상이 등록한 동반 등록은 40.9%가 있었다. 유족의 유골인수 또는 안치시설 방문에 대한 조사결과 유골의 인수보다 대학에 안치한 후 방문하는 경향이 증가 하고 있음을 확인하였다. 설문 조사 결과 등록인의 생활수준은 중간층 이상이라고 응답한 비율이 71%였으며, 사회에 봉사하고자하는 동기로 기증하게 된 경우가 77%로 가장 많았다. 향후 가족들의 반대 또는 시신을 대하는 태도 변화에 따라 기증 의사를 번복할 수 있다는 경우는 1%이하로 극히 낮았다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때, 시신기증 등록자 수는 적정하게 유지되고 있으며 등록인들의 기증 동기는 순수하고 대학에 우호적이다. 대학의 유골 안치시설에 대한 유족의 호응이 높은 것으로 나타났으므로 이를 더욱 확대하고 적절한 관리체계를 마련할 필요가 있다고 판단된다. In order to secure optimum donation of the human bodies required for medical education and research, we investigated social characteristics of those who have signed up to the donation program. Specifically, the data registered in medical school of Chungbuk National University were analyzed and then compared to those registered in 10 of other universitis in Korea. In addition, a telephone survey was performed for 128 registrants of Chungbuk National University. The number of registrants was rapidly increased after 1999 and the donation of body was sufficient for medical education and research after 2005. The number of registrants of Chungbuk after 2005 shows gradual increase whereas 10 other schools shows slight decrease. The age of registrants at signing up to the program showed the largest proportion in seventies(33.9%), followed by sixties(28.9%) and fifties(22%). Multiple registration which means two or more registrants from one family represented 40.9%. After the use of cadaver and cremation, most of the bereaved family preferred to keep and visit the cremains in the charnel house of medical school more than to carry out the school. By the telephone survey, 71% of the registrants answered they are in middle or upper middle class of living, and 77% responded that the motivation for donation was voluntary service for the society. Asked whether the donation intention could be changed due to the objection raised by family members or change of attitude towards body, only 1% of the respondents gave positive response, which was extremely low. On the basis of the present results we could know that the numbers of would-be donator are reasonably maintained and they have pure motivation and friendly mind to the school. As the charnel houses of universities were strongly favored by the families, it is necessary to further expand the facilities and to establish a reasonable management system as well.

충북 바이오클러스터와 연계한 기술창업전략 연구

최유길 충북대학교 2018 국내석사

The purpose of this capstone project is to establish a strategies to revitalize technology-based startups in connection with bio-cluster in Chungbuk area. This capstone tried to search for problems needed to foster bio-startup business in Chungbuk area, and solve those by interviewing various experts and benchmarking outstanding overseas startup ecosystems. This capstone present the conclusions drawn from the hardware, software, and systematic approaches to establish a strategy for revitalizing technology-based startups in connection with the biocluster in Chungbuk area.

충북지역 대학교 급식소의 운영형태에 따른 서비스 품질속성에 대한 인식 비교

김종순 충북대학교 2019 국내석사

본 연구는 대학 식당의 서비스 품질 특성에 대한 관점을 비교함으로써 대학 식당의 서비스 품질을 개선하기 위한 데이터 베이스를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 현재, 평가관이 실시한 설문조사는 각 대학의 200명의 학생을 대상으로 현장조사를 실시하였으며, 각 평가관은 각 대학(운영 유형별 50명)에서 현장실사를 실시하였다. 2018년 8월 6일부터 8월 18일까지 조사가 실시되었으며, 200부 배포 후 총 200부(수집율 100%)를 수집하여 통계 분석에 사용하였다. This study aims to provide data base for improving the quality of service of the university cafeteria by comparing the perceptions on the quality of service attributes of the university cafeteria. The data were conducted by on-site surveys of 200 students at each university, each of which is conducted on-site at each university(50 people according to operation type). From August 6 to August 18, 2018, the survey was conducted and 200 copies were distributed, a total of 200 copies were collected (collection rate of 100%) and used for statistical analysis. Statistical analyses were performed on the data using SPSS (Ver.23.0).

중국어권 한국어 학습자를 위한 관용표현 교육 방안 연구

오성아 충북대학교 2017 국내박사

The importance and understanding of foreign languages are escalating in this age of globalization. Particularly in China, after the establishment of diplomatic ties with Korea, an interest in the Korean language is gradually increasing. Accordingly, more Chinese people have been learning the Korean language, making them the largest group of Korean language learners amongst all foreign nationalities. The main reason why so many Chinese people learn Korean is that they might think Korean is easy to learn because of its Chinese origins. Due to the high proportion of Chinese characters in the Korean lexicon (hereby known as hanja), Chinese native speakers can learn Korean with more ease than speakers of other languages. Even though it is not an absolute guarantee to mastering the Korean language for many reasons, it is true that Korean is much easier to learn for Chinese native speakers than speakers of other languages. However, there are still stark differences between hanja and the modern Chinese language. Even though the characters look the same, some hanja and Chinese characters have slightly different meanings and others have completely different meanings. Thus, Korean language learners may be confused. One of the confusing factors is “idiomatic expressions”. Idiomatic expressions are often prahses or sayings habitually used by native speakers that convey the values, ways of thinking, feelings, and history of the nation. Without fully understanding these factors, foreigners could understand idiomatic expressions only by its surface meaning. The idiomatic expressions are not only used frequently in daily life but also appear on the TOPIK. Unsurprisingly, idiomatic expressions account for a great part in learning Korean. But, at the beginner’s level, the need for idiomatic expressions in communication is not as necessary for beginners than it is to higher Korean level learners. Korean idiomatic expressions are one of the difficult parts in learning Korean because they are infused with Korean cultural, historical and social meanings. If learners can properly use and express these expressions, it shows their strong competency in the Korean language. But learners cannot and do not have to learn all idiomatic expressions as beginners. So, as learners progress in their Korean level, they shift from learning everyday expressions to expressions embedded with deeper cultural and historical meanings. The word list in this thesis is organized by the idiomatic expressions’ frequency of usage and level of difficulty. This thesis aims to find teaching methods that teachers who teach Korean specifically to foreigners can use to let Chinese learners understand a large number of Korean idiomatic expressions in systematic, concrete, and effective ways. In doing so, this paper focuses on constructing a proper syllabus and methods according to the learners’ respective levels. This thesis analyzes the idiomatic expressions in Korean texts used not only in Korea but also in China, and the learners in both countries are surveyed. Based on the results, this thesis proposes an effective teaching syllabus for Chinese learners of Korean. In addition, the paper recommends practical teaching methods and plans so learners can learn idiomatic expressions in different ways. In further study, when making the syllabus, the research considers the learners’ awareness of idiomatic expressions. Also, Korean idiomatic expressions are analyzed alongside with their Chinese counterparts in order to understand their similarities and differences.

충북지역 출토 연화문수막새 연구

박정민 충북대학교 2021 국내석사

지역경제거버넌스에 있어 충북테크노파크(TP)의 현황과 과제 연구

홍기백 忠北大學校 2014 국내박사

Amid the development of information technology and the enhancement of industrial convergence, the activities of network collaboration among the related government authorities have consistently increased. Local provincial authorities are also making efforts to build up a creative industrial ecosystem as well as global competitiveness. Thus, it is important for local governments to enhance local economy by expediting its growth and industrial effectiveness. Chungbuk TechnoPark(TP) is a non-profit organization aiming to vitalize the local economy of Chungbuk Province. In this connection, the stake-holders for the local economic governance include such main actors as the central government, the provincial government, business companies, Chungbuk TP, local residents, and the influence actors like NGOs(Non-Governmental Organizations), universities and mass media. Both the main actors and the influence actors aim to grow the local economy through a properly functioning local economic governance based on mutual relationships. Especially, the business companies’ growth and functions as core actors are crucial for local economic performance and the ensuing job creation and play an important role in local economic governance. In this juncture, Chungbuk TP plays the crucial role of bridging between the central and the local governments for the growth of local company. This study explores the present condition and tasks of Chungbuk TP in relation to the properly functioning local economic governance in Chungbuk Province. It analyzes the current status of Chungbuk TP in terms of the core factors of local economic governance and four points of Balanced Score Card(BSC). It employs the BSC evaluation method as well as questionnaire and their statistical analysis as the main tools of the research. The core factors of local economic governance have been defined in terms of the degree of partnership, network and the relationship with NGOs. The four factors of the BSC analysis include customer, finance, process, and learning & growth. Chungbuk TP has been carrying out various functions such as policy planning, business support and evaluation, and proliferation of the output in local community as the key bridge between governmental authorities and business companies in relation to local economic governance. Therefore, the main target for the questionnaire in this study was set to the small- and medium-sized enterprises as the core actors in the local economy and they have been asked to evaluate Chungbuk TP in terms of local economic governance. As is shown in Chapter 3, the analysis and evaluation of the present condition of Chungbuk TP have been conducted on the basis of the survey, including the correlation and causality between local economic governance and Chungbuk TP. On the basis of this analysis and evaluation, the main tasks of Chungbuk TP have been drawn for better local economic governance in Chapter 4 as follows: strengthening a balanced and continuous trust partnership, activation of information network in the local community, establishment of a resource virtuous circulation system for the public service, strengthening the role of Chungbuk TP in the innovation process leading to the local area’s creative economy, and an effective management of NGO network program with common learning. Chungbuk TP needs to expand its relationship with various governmental authorities in order to establish the trust partnership in local economic governance and to support the governmental authorities with its projects for the common growth among the interested parties. Considering both the distributive role of governmental fiancing and various requests from the interested parties, Chungbuk TP should figure out the sources of potential discord in the process of local economic governance from the viewpoints of both the economic benefits and the resource virtuous circulation for the local community. In addition, Chungbuk TP should execute the innovation process based on the rationality, equitability, and convenience taking into consideration the existing partnership. It should also expand the network partnership with different governmental authorities to enhance the quality of the network when it comes to the local economic governance. Chungbuk TP should enlarge opportunities for the local residents to join the common learning process together with both NGOs and various governmental authorities so that it might be able to constitute an expanded network system among the interested parties. Most of all, Chungbuk TP and NGOs need to recognize the common goals and issues among themselves and communicate with each other for mutual benefits in the local community. These efforts are expected to lead to more job creation and enhanced life quality in the local community. It is fair to say that this study is unique in terms of methodology because it has applied an interdisciplinary approach including humanity, political economy and business management. However, further research should be conducted about the increased network relationship among the stake-holders in the local economic governance, including Chungbuk TP, partnership, BSC system and NGOs in the future.

환경보전과 자원순환을 지지하기 위한 청주충북환경운동연합의 활동 특성

전숙자 충북대학교 2021 국내석사

20세기 이후 급속하게 진행되고 있는 산업화는 기후변화를 일으키고, 자연재해와 환경파괴로 인해 많은 사람들이 환경적 혜택을 받지 못하는 환경적 불의를 초래하였다. 전 세계적으로 기후 변화에 대응하여 지역 차원의 사회 활동이 일어나고 있다. 국내에서는 1993년 전국 8개 환경단체들이 전국적인 지구환경보전을 추진하기 위해 국가조직인 '한국환경운동연합'으로 통합되었다. 본 연구는 청추충북환경운동연합이 오랫동안 수행해 온 다양한 활동의 동기는 무엇이며, 그 활동 과정에서 나타난 장애물은 무엇이며, 이를 해결하기 위해 어떤 조치를 취했는가에 대한 연구 질문으로 수행되었다. 본 연구에서는 환경보전 및 자원순환 촉진을 위한 활동의 특성을 파악하기 위해 2016년부터 2020년까지 충청북도에서 수행된 청주충북환경운동연합의 활동을 분석하였다. 활동 유형을 비판, 제재, 보호로 분류하고 활동의 장애요인, 방법, 성과를 정리하여 나열하였다. 이들 사이의 상호 영향 관계를 식별하기 위해 소셜 네트워크 분석(SNA) 방법이 사용되었다. 환경보전활동을 분석한 결과, 청주충북환경운동연합의 활발한 활동에도 불구하고 기대한 만큼의 성과를 거두지는 못했으나 주로 환경유해 프로젝트 및 제품을 철회하는 등의 다양한 성과를 보였다. 특히 미세먼지 및 온실가스 저감대책 마련이 가장 큰 성과였다. 또한 이러한 활동의 결과로 충청북도청에 환경정책과가 신설되었다. 자원순환활동을 분석한 결과에 따르면 직・간접적으로 가장 영향력 있는 활동방법은 '방송/인터뷰'인 것으로 나타났고 '폐기물 매립'과 관련된 이슈가 가장 많이 다루어진 것으로 분석되었다. '플라스틱 배출량 줄이기'와 '일회용 제품 사용 줄이기'도 청주충북환경운동연합에서 주로 다루는 이슈들로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 향후 지역 환경운동이 변화하는 시대에 발맞춰 지역주민과 함께 지속가능한 환경을 조성하기 위한 건전한 환경보전 활동과 자원순환활동과 같은 결과들로 이어지기를 기대한다. Industrialization, which has been rapidly progressing since the 20th century, has caused climate change, resulting in environmental injustice in which many people are not provided with environmental benefits due to natural disasters and environmental destruction. Globally, social activities at the local level have arisen in response to the climate change. In Korea, in 1993, eight environmental groups across the country were integrated into a national organization, the “Korea Federation for Environmental Movements (KFEM)” to pursue global environmental conservation nationwide. This study started with the question of what were the motives for the various activities that the KFEM had been carrying out for a long time, what were the obstacles that appeared in the process of those activities, and what measures were taken to solve the problem in a specific problem situation. Therefore, this study analyzed the KFEM’s activities carried out in Chungcheongbuk-do from 2016 to 2020, to identify the characteristics of the activities for environmental conservation and resource cycle promotion. The activities were classified as criticism, sanctions, protection and the obstacles, methods, and outcomes of the activities were organized and listed. The social network analysis (SNA) method was used to identify the mutual influence relationships between them. As a result of the analysis of environmental conservation activities, despite the vigorous activities of the KFEM in Cheongju/ Chungbuk, the expected results were not achieved, but many of them showed various achievements, such aswithdrawing environmentally hazardous projects and products. In particular, the greatest achievement was the preparation of measures to reduce fine dust and greenhouse gas emissions. Besides, as a result of the activities, the Environmental Policy Division was newly established at the Chungcheongbuk-do Provincial Office. As a result of the analysis of resource cycle activities, it was analyzed that ‘Broadcast/ interview’ appeared as the most influential activity method, either directly or indirectly and the issue related to ‘waste landfill’ was treated most predominantly. ‘Reducing plastic emissions’ and ‘reducing the use of disposable products’ were also calculated as issues mainly addressed by the KFEM in Cheongju/ Chungbuk. Based on the results of this study, it is hoped that in the future, local environmental movements will lead to results such as sound environmental conservation activities and resource cycle activities to create a sustainable environment with local residents in line with the changing times

기후위기 대응을 위한 메타거버넌스 체계 분석 : 충북지역의 환경거번너스 사례를 중심으로

염우 충북대학교 일반대학원 2024 국내박사

Research groups in the field of urban environmental issues and crisis management have focused their attention on two major challenges. The former tries to find effective responses to the climate crisis, and the latter stresses appropriate ways geared towards environmental governance. In short, responding to the climate crisis implies the ends, and the development of environmental governance examines the means. The temporal scope of the study covers from 1995 to 2023, the last 30 years. This period can be said to be the period when environmental governance in local communities has been in full swing. The spatial scope spans Chungcheongbuk-do and related watersheds. The key contents deal with representative environmental governance cases in the Chungbuk and its neighboring region. Among 280 environmental cases, 14 representative environmental governance cases are selected through screening, categorization, and integration processes. The research methodology basically involves five steps: firstly, standardization of environmental governance cases; secondly, establishment of analysis factors and attributing classification; thirdly, comparative * A thesis for the degree of Doctor in February 2024. analyses and implications; fourthly, development of environmental governance evaluation indicators; fifthly, surveying experts and verifying implications, sixthly, setting the direction of environmental governance development and meta-governance construction, and seventhly, presenting couples of meta-governance models for climate crisis response. Concerned with research findings, this study derives seven principles and directions for building meta-governance in response to the climate crisis. First of all, there must be a societal consensus or commitment on the need to build meta-governance. Here, meta-governance functions as powerful tools for mobilizing broad participation and cooperation to address the climate crisis. Secondly, it is necessary to build consensus on the principles of win-win and cooperation. This study emphasizes the fact that major stakeholders should do their best for the proposed inclusive community that respects and considers different perspectives, viewpoints, interests, and political views. Thirdly, the meta-governance system should encompass the functions of policy consultation and action cooperation. Policy councils and action networks involving various units can be organized by sector, issue, and region. Fourthly, this study urges establishing action cooperation business platforms to lead the carbon-neutral citizen action movement. It should present joint action plans and common processes, link sectoral action activities with comprehensive action activities, and establish a virtuous cycle business structure to increase activity. Fifthly, this study examines alternative ways to organize, broaden and deepen the participation of a wide range of citizens and various social groups. Appropriate incentives can be provided to villages, schools, churches, civic organizations, and others, and voluntary actions can be encouraged according to the conditions and characteristics of the participating organizations. The final task is given to integrating them into the decision-making process of the meta-governance system. Sixthly, this study proposes that an efficient and rational governance system should be organized. It should be civil society-led and supported by the executive branch. In addition, it should have basic staffing and budgeting, and be able to share information and make resources available. Seventhly, institutionalization measures such as the enactment of relevant ordinances should be prepared for the stable operation of meta-governance. Finally, in terms of case application, this study presents a series of meta-governance construction plans that can be applied to the Chungbuk region along with policy environment analyses based on the TOWS principles. For the future plans and actions, this study urges concrete ways to build meta-governance as practical alternatives in responding to the climate crisis. In the future, it expects that detailed studies and discussions on building regional, sectoral, and issue-specific governance are required. It is also necessary to support the establishment of meta-governance at the national level through case studies of environmental governance across the country. Keywords: climate crisis, climate crisis response, environmental governance, meta-governance, cooperation system, implementation plan

충북 시민운동의 젠더 불평등과 '차이의 정치' 가능성 : 아이리스 영(Iris Young)의 정의론을 중심으로

손은성 충북대학교 2019 국내석사

This thesis analyzed the structure of injustice in Chungbuk civil society as the concept of oppression of Iris spirit and searched for political possibility of difference. Most of the female activists were exempted or alienated from within the organization. Men naturally took a central role in civil society activities, and men's culture was strengthened through informal networks within the organization. Young's suppression. First, the gendered role and share in the exploitation aspect were revealed. Second, in the aspect of the state change, the female exclusion in the network and decision making of men appear. The characteristics of the organizational culture, in which informal relationships form the backbone of the formal structure, are the basis for making the marginalized women in an unofficial relationship to be in an unfavorable position within the formal structure. Women are disconnected from important communication and information opportunities, which is not only psychologically depressing women, but also making it difficult to participate in decision-making processes within formal structures. Third, in terms of powerlessness, the issue of childcare of women was functioning as a barrier to professionalism. Fourth, in the aspect of cultural imperialism, the result of women 's lack of representation. Fifth, in the problem of violence, exclusion of gender issues revealed the exclusion of women due to everyday male - centered culture. Women experience dual marginalized alienation from the male network and are transformed into a formal structure. In addition to neglecting the male-centered culture as a survival strategy for male-centered organizational culture, The first strategy is to refrain from leaving the periphery of the male-centered organization and to choose a movement strategy that opposes it through the women's movement group as its own movement line. The second is to support the vigorous activities of the male activist in the male- Develop activities that contribute to improvement. In the negative structure of civil society, women are forming a women's network to voice women's voice, which seems to play a role in highlighting gender issues in civil society and cracking the male-centered culture. As the social awareness of gender discrimination has changed and the career of female activists has been recognized, the office of female clerical staff has started to appear in the male - oriented civil movement organization since 2010. This is changing the culture of the organization as women activists enter an important place in decision making. However, these changes are not likely to lead to visible results. Nevertheless, the emergence of the Women's Secretary and the network of women provided a glimpse of the possibility of cracking the gender structure of civil movement organizations and gender equality. 이 논문은 충북 시민사회의 부정의 구조를 아이리스 영의 억압 개념으로 분석하고, 차이의 정치 가능성을 탐색해 보았다. 여성활동가는 대부분 조직 내에서 배제되거나 소외되는 경험을 하고 있었다. 남성들은 시민사회 활동에서 중심적 역할을 자연스럽게 받아들였고, 조직 내 비공식 네트워크를 통해 남성 중심 문화가 강화되고 있었다. 영의 억압의 다섯가지 개념으로 분석한 결과 첫째, 착취의 측면에서는 젠더화된 조직 내 역할과 분담으로 나타났고, 둘째, 주변화의 측면에서는 남성들의 네트워크와 의사결정에서의 여성 배제를 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 비공식 관계가 공식 구조의 배경이 되는 조직문화의 특성은 비공식관계에서 주변화된 여성이 공식구조 내에서도 불리한 위치에 있게 만드는 토대가 되는 것이다. 여성은 중요한 의사소통과 정보제공의 기회로부터 단절되어 있으며, 이것은 여성을 심리적으로 위축 시킬 뿐만 아니라 공식적 구조 내에서 의사결정과정의 참여를 어렵게 하는 방식이 된다. 셋째, 무력함의 측면에서는 여성의 육아 문제가 전문성을 가로막는 기제로써 작동하고 있었다. 넷째, 문화제국주의의 측면에서는 여성이 대표성 부재로 이어지는 결과로 나타났으며, 다섯째, 폭력의 문제에서는 젠더 이슈에 대한 배제를 통해 일상적 남성중심문화로 인한 여성의 배제가 나타났다. 여성은 남성 네트워크로부터 배제되고 공식적인 구조에서 주변화되는 이중의 소외를 경험하며, 남성 중심 조직 문화에 대한 생존 전략으로 남성중심 문화를 부정하며 대응하는 한편, 남성 중심 조직 문화를 적극 수용하는 이중적 선택을 하게 된다. 첫 번째 전략은 남성 중심 조직의 주변부로 남기를 거부하며 독자적 운동노선으로 여성운동 단체를 통해 이에 맞서는 운동 전략을 선택하는 쪽이고, 두 번째는 남성 중심 조직에서 남성활동가의 왕성한 활동을 적극 지지하며 조직 향상에 기여하는 활동을 전개한다. 시민사회의 부정의 구조에서 여성들은 여성의 목소리를 내기 위해 여성 네트워크를 구성하고 있었고 이는 시민사회에 젠더 이슈를 부각시키고, 남성 중심 문화를 균열 내는데 역할을 하고 있는 것으로 보인다. 성차별에 대한 사회적 인식이 변화하고 여성활동가의 경력이 인정되면서 2010년 이후로 남성 중심의 시민운동 조직에서도 여성 사무처장이 등장하기 시작하였다. 이는 여성 활동가가 의사결정의 중요한 자리에 진입하면서 조직의 문화가 차츰 변하고 있다. 하지만 이러한 변화는 가시적인 성과로 이어지지는 못하고 있는 것으로 보여진다. 그럼에도 여성사무처장의 등장과 여성들의 네트워크는 시민운동 조직의 젠더 구조에 균열을 내고 성평등한 조직으로 거듭날 수 있는 가능성의 단초를 제공하였다.