Effects of In Utero Exposure to D-004, a Lipid Extract from Roystonea regia Fruits, in the Male Rat: A Comparison with Finasteride

Ariadne Gutie´rrez Martı´nez,Balia Pardo,Rafael Ga´mez,Rosa Mas,Miriam Noa,Gisela Marrero,Maikel Valle,Haydee Garcı´a,Dayisell Curveco,Nilda Mendoza,Edy Goicochea 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.12

D-004 is a lipid extract obtained from Cuban royal palm fruits, consisting of a mixture of free fatty acids, that prevents prostate hyperplasia induced with testosterone in rodents. This study investigated the possible alterations due to D-004 of androgen-dependent development after exposure in utero and compared them with those due to finasteride. Rats were randomized into five experimental groups: a control group, three groups treated with D-004 at 500, 750, or 1,000 mg/kg/day,respectively, and a group treated with finasteride (10 mg/kg/day). Male rats were treated 10 weeks before and during mating. Female rats were treated for 15 days prior mating, during mating, during pregnancy, and until lactation (day 21) except for those treated with finasteride, which were only administered the drug on gestational days 12–21. All male offspring were monitored individually until necropsy after postnatal day 90. The results of the present study indicate that D-004 induced no alterations in androgen-dependent development after the exposure in utero. Also, the current study demonstrated a permanent reduction in anogenital distance and retention of nipples in adult male rats exposed to finasteride during late gestation. Significant alterations induced by exposure to finasteride were mainly in tissues dependent on dihydrotestosterone during development.

Apigenin reduce lipoteichoic acid-induced inflammatory response in rat cardiomyoblast cells

Gloria Gutie´rrez-Venegas,Zeltzin Gonza´lez-Rosas 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.2

Infective endocarditis is caused by Streptococcussanguinis present in dental plaque, which can induceinflammatory responses in the endocardium. The presentstudy depicts research on the properties of apigenin inembryonic mouse heart cells (H9c2) treated with lipoteichoicacid (LTA) obtained from S. sanguinis. Interleukin-1b and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression were detectedby reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Inaddition, western blot assays and immuno-fluorescencestaining were used to assess translocation of nuclear factorkappa beta (NF-jB), degradation of IjB, as well as activityof the mitogen activated protein kinases: extracellularsignal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, p38, and c-Jun N-terminalkinase (JNK). Effect of apigenin on cell viability wasequally assessed in other experimental series. Our resultsshowed that apigenin blocked activation of ERK, JNK, andp38 in cardiomyocytes treated with LTA in a dose-dependentfashion. Moreover, apigenin showed no cytotoxiceffects; it blocked NF-jB translocation and IjB degradation. Our findings suggested that apigenin possessedpotential value in the treatment of infectious endocarditis.

Antioxidant Effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira) maxima on Chronic Inflammation Induced by Freund’s Complete Adjuvant in Rats

Gabriel Alfonso Gutie´rrez-Rebolledo,Marcela Galar-Martı´nez,Rosa Virginia Garcı´a-Rodrı´guez,Germa´n A. Chamorro-Cevallos,Ana Gabriela Herna´ndez-Reyes,Elizdath Martı´nez-Galero 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.8

One of the major mechanisms in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation is the excessive production of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, and therefore, oxidative stress. Spirulina (Arthrospira) maxima has marked antioxidant activity in vivo and in vitro, as well as anti-inflammatory activity in certain experimental models, the latter activity being mediated probably by the antioxidant activity of this cyanobacterium. In the present study, chronic inflammation was induced through injection of Freund’s complete adjuvant (CFA) in rats treated daily with Spirulina (Arthrospira) maxima for 2 weeks beginning on day 14. Joint diameter, body temperature, and motor capacity were assessed each week. On days 0 and 28, total and differential leukocyte counts and serum oxidative damage were determined, the latter by assessing lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl content. At the end of the study, oxidative damage to joints was likewise evaluated. Results show that S. maxima favors increased mobility, as well as body temperature regulation, and a number of circulating leukocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes in specimens with CFA-induced chronic inflammation and also protects against oxidative damage in joint tissue as well as serum. In conclusion, the protection afforded by S. maxima against development of chronic inflammation is due to its antioxidant activity.

Entre la historia y la ficción: nacionalsocialismo en España. Memoria colectiva de la infamia: Lo que esconde tu nombre, Clara Sánchez

María del Socorro Gutiérrez Martínez 한국스페인어문학회 2010 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.57

La vivencia generacional no es la misma, pero a todos nos concierne. Lo mismo sucede con lieux de mèmoire [lugares de memoria], que Nora impregnó a los textos -con este término-, fomentando las discusiones sobre el tema el concepto sufrió una mutación,adhiriéndose a los acontecimientos conmemorativos, él mismo se encargó de cuestionarlo. La intención sigue viva. El pasado tiene muchos nombres. Clara Sánchez acerca a la generación que se pregunta: ¿qué tengo que ver con eso?, por medio de los lugares,modos y factos de un espacio social; una narración para la memoria colectiva e individual, inevitablemente con un fondo histórico.

Klein tunnelling and electron trapping in nanometre-scale graphene quantum dots

Gutié,rrez, Christopher,Brown, Lola,Kim, Cheol-Joo,Park, Jiwoong,Pasupathy, Abhay N. Nature Publishing Group 2016 NATURE PHYSICS Vol.12 No.11

Relativistic fermions that are incident on a high potential barrier can pass through unimpeded, a striking phenomenon termed the ‘Klein paradox’ in quantum electrodynamics. Electrostatic potential barriers in graphene provide a solid-state analogue to realize this phenomenon. Here, we use scanning tunnelling microscopy to directly probe the transmission of electrons through sharp circular potential wells in graphene created by substrate engineering. We find that electrons in this geometry display quasi-bound states where the electron is trapped for a finite time before escaping via Klein tunnelling. We show that the continuum Dirac equation can be successfully used to model the energies and wavefunctions of these quasi-bound states down to atomic dimensions. We demonstrate that by tuning the geometry of the barrier it is possible to trap particular energies and angular momentum states with increased efficiency, showing that atomic-scale electrostatic potentials can be used to engineer quantum transport through graphene.

Imaging chiral symmetry breaking from Kekulé bond order in graphene

Gutié,rrez, Christopher,Kim, Cheol-Joo,Brown, Lola,Schiros, Theanne,Nordlund, Dennis,Lochocki, Edward ,B.,Shen, Kyle M.,Park, Jiwoong,Pasupathy, Abhay N. Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2016 NATURE PHYSICS Vol.12 No.10

Chirality—or ‘handedness’—is a symmetry property crucial to fields as diverse as biology, chemistry and high-energy physics. In graphene, chiral symmetry emerges naturally as a consequence of the carbon honeycomb lattice. This symmetry can be broken by interactions that couple electrons with opposite momenta in graphene. Here we directly visualize the formation of Kekulé bond order, one such phase of broken chiral symmetry, in an ultraflat graphene sheet grown epitaxially on a copper substrate. We show that its origin lies in the interactions between individual vacancies in the copper substrate that are mediated electronically by the graphene. We show that this interaction causes the bonds in graphene to distort, creating a phase with broken chiral symmetry. The Kekulé ordering is robust at ambient temperature and atmospheric conditions, indicating that intercalated atoms may be harnessed to drive graphene and other two-dimensional materials towards electronically desirable and exotic collective phases.

Agave tequilana Counteracts Chronic Hypertension and Associated Vascular Damage

Maribel Herrera-Ruiz,Zu´lima Jannette Gutie´rrez-Nava,Celeste Trejo-Moreno,Alejandro Zamilpa,Manase´s Gonza´lez-Cortazar,Antonio Ruperto Jime´nez-Aparicio,Enrique Jime´nez-Ferrer 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.4

Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a health problem of great importance worldwide, and endothelial dysfunction underlies SAH development. This condition's main characteristics include vasoconstriction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and procoagulant and proliferative states. This study's objective was to evaluate the antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of the whole extract and fractions of Agave tequilana in a murine model of SAH. SAH was induced in male ICR or CD-1 (Strain obtained from animals from Charles River Laboratories, Massachusetts) mice by intraperitoneal administration of angiotensin II (AGII) (0.1 μg/kg) for 4 weeks, and then A. tequilana treatments were co-administered with AGII. At the end of the experiment, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured and the kidneys were dissected to quantify interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-10, and malondialdehyde (MDA). The whole extract and the fractions of A. tequilana were chemically characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results indicate that the whole extract (At-W) and At-AcOEt fraction treatment are the most efficient in lowering blood pressure, although all the treatments had an immunomodulatory effect on the cytokines evaluated and an antioxidant effect on lipid peroxidation. Finally, the chromatographic profile shows that the integral extract and fractions of A. tequilana contained phytol (M)3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid; hentriacontane; 9,19-cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol,(3b); t-sitosterol; and stigmasta-3,5-dien-7-one.

On the Strichartz Estimates for the Kinetic Transport Equation

Bennett, Jonathan,Bez, Neal,Gutié,rrez, Susana,Lee, Sanghyuk Marcel Dekker, Inc 2014 Communications in partial differential equations Vol.39 No.10

Light harvesting zinc naphthalocyanine–perylenediimide supramolecular dyads: long-lived charge-separated states in nonpolar media

El-Khouly, Mohamed E.,Gutié,rrez, Ana M.,Sastre-Santos, Á,ngela,Ferná,ndez-Lá,zaro, Fernando,Fukuzumi, Shunichi The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.14 No.10

<P>Photoinduced electron-transfer dynamics of self-assembled donor–acceptor dyads formed by axial coordination of zinc naphthalocyanine, ZnNc, and perylenediimide (PDI) bearing either pyridine (py) or imidazole (im) coordinating ligands were investigated. The PDIim unit was functionalized with <I>tert</I>-octylphenoxy groups at the bay positions, which avoid aggregation providing solubility, to examine the effect of the bulky substituents at the bay positions on the rates of electron-transfer reactions. The combination between zinc naphthalocyanine and perylenediimide entities absorbs light over a wide region of the visible and near infrared (NIR) spectrum. The binding constants of the self-assembled ZnNc:PDIpy (<B>1</B>) and ZnNc:PDIim (<B>2</B>) in toluene were found to be 2.40 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> and 1.10 × 10<SUP>5</SUP> M<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively, from the steady-state absorption and emission measurements, indicating formation of moderately stable complexes. The geometric and electronic calculations by using an <I>ab initio</I> B3LYP/6-311G method showed the majority of the highest occupied frontier molecular orbital (HOMO) on the zinc naphthalocyanine entity, while the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) was on the perylenediimide entities, suggesting that the charge-separated states of the supramolecular dyads are ZnNc&z.rad;<SUP>+</SUP>:PDI&z.rad;<SUP>−</SUP>. The electrochemical results suggest the exothermic charge-separation process <I>via</I> the singlet states of both ZnNc and PDI entities in nonpolar toluene. Upon coordination of perylenediimide to ZnNc, the main quenching pathway involved charge separation <I>via</I> the singlet-excited states of ZnNc and PDIs. Clear evidence of the intramolecular electron transfer from the singlet-excited state of ZnNc to PDI within the supramolecular dyads in toluene was monitored by the femtosecond laser photolysis by observing the characteristic absorption band of the PDI radical anion (PDI&z.rad;<SUP>−</SUP>) and the ZnNc radical cation (ZnNc&z.rad;<SUP>+</SUP>) in the visible and NIR regions. The rate constants of charge-separation (<I>k</I><SUB>CS</SUB>) processes of the self-assembled dyads <B>1</B> and <B>2</B> were determined to be 4.05 × 10<SUP>10</SUP> and 1.20 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. The rate constant of charge recombination (<I>k</I><SUB>CR</SUB>) and the lifetime of charge-separated states (<I>τ</I><SUB>CS</SUB>) of dyad <B>1</B> were determined to be 2.34 × 10<SUP>8</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> and 4.30 ns, respectively. Interestingly, a slower charge recombination (2.20 × 10<SUP>7</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>) and a longer lifetime of the charge separated state (45 ns) were observed in dyad <B>2</B> in nonpolar toluene by utilizing the nanosecond transient measurements. The absorption in a wide section of the solar spectrum and the high charge-separation/charge-recombination ratio suggest the usefulness of the self-assembled zinc naphthalocyanine–perylenediimide dyads as good photosynthetic models.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Good combination! Efficient electron transfer and relatively long-lived charge-separated states are achieved of light harvesting zinc naphthalocyanine:perylenediimide supramolecular dyads using the femtosecond transient absorption technique in nonpolar toluene. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cp23285e'> </P>

Phenolic–Protein Interactions: Effects on Food Properties and Health Benefits

Nydia E. Buitimea-Cantu´a,Janet A. Gutie´rrez-Uribe,Sergio O. Serna-Saldı´var 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Journal of medicinal food Vol.21 No.2

Phenolic–protein interactions (PPI), which naturally occur in most food systems, are being intentionally designed to enhance functional performance of phenolic compounds (PC). PPI have been primarily associated with changes related to sensorial, nutritional, and nutraceutical features of foods. Furthermore, these interactions affect properties such as astringency, protein digestibility, absorption, and bioavailability of antioxidants. Therefore, new product development should pay attention to these interactions and not only on the concentration of PC. PPI protect PC from degradation due to enzymatic attack or pH changes in the lumen of the intestinal tract. Due to PPI, PC are delivered to the colon where they are metabolized by the microbiota and generate an antioxidant environment. Interactions with proteins also may enhance the antiproliferative activity of PC in some specific tumor cell lines. In this review, the effects of PPI that affect both food properties and health benefits are discussed.