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Controlling Intestinal Infections and Digestive Disorders Using Probiotics
Anto´ nio Raposo,Anil Kumar Puniya,Sanjeev Kumar,Md Faruque Ahmad,Priyakshi Nath,Rubina Roy,Rudrarup Bhattacharjee,Eman Shama,Indira Gahatraj,Manisha Sehrawat,Vaishali Dasriya,Harmeet Singh Dhillon,Mo 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.10
After consumption, probiotics provide health benefits to the host. Probiotics and their metabolites havetherapeutic and nutritional properties that help to alleviate gastrointestinal, neurological, and cardiovascular problems. Probioticsstrengthen host immunity through various mechanisms, including improved gut barrier function, receptor site blocking,competitive exclusion of pathogens, and the production of bioactive molecules. Emerging evidence suggests that intestinalbowel diseases can be fatal, but regular probiotic consumption can alleviate disease symptoms. The use and detailed descriptionof the health benefits of probiotics to consumers in terms of reducing intestinal infection, inflammation, and digestivedisorders are discussed in this review. The well-designed and controlled studies that examined the use of probiotics to reducelife-threatening activities caused by intestinal bowel diseases are also covered. This review discussed the active principles andpotency of probiotics as evidenced by the known effects on host health, in addition to providing information on the mechanismof action.
Xin Xiangjun,António Luís Jesus Teixeira,Paulo P. Monteiro,José R. F. da Rocha,Paulo Sérgio de Brito André 한국전자통신연구원 2005 ETRI Journal Vol.27 No.3
The transmission performance of optical labeling based on a combined frequency shift keying/amplitude shift keying (FSK/ASK) format is studied by numerical simulation. The simulation demonstrates that the bit-error ratio (BER) characteristic of an ASK signal is limited by the extinction ratio, received optical power, and dispersion, simultaneously. However, an FSK signal is mainly limited by the extinction ratio (ER) and received optical power when the peak spectrum, which is used to detect the FSK signal, is relatively narrow.
Constitutive modeling for path-dependent behavior and its influence on twist springback
Liao, Juan,Xue, Xin,Lee, Myoung-Gyu,Barlat, Fré,dé,ric,Vincze, Gabriela,Pereira, Antó,nio B. Elsevier 2017 International journal of plasticity Vol.93 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aim of this study is to investigate the path-dependent elastic-plastic behavior of dual-phase steel and its influence on the prediction of twist springback in the channel forming process. The anisotropic hardening responses of the sheet material for non-proportional loading, as well as the degradation of the elastic modulus in uniaxial and biaxial tension are investigated. A recently proposed distortional plasticity model combined with a dislocation density-based hardening approach was adopted to describe the flow behavior of the material. The results indicate that the present model simultaneously reproduces all of the experimentally observed features for both load reversal and changes of the principal strain axis. This constitutive description is employed in the finite element analysis of the forming of two channels with obvious twist springback characteristics. The complex strain path changes during the forming process are then analyzed using a proposed indicator. Finally, the relevance of the load changes and the stress distribution in the channel regarding twist springback predictions are discussed. The influence of loading path-dependent elastic modulus degradation for the prediction of twist springback is also assessed based on two different application geometries.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The enhanced HAH model captures DP500's plastic flow behavior at various strain path changes. </LI> <LI> Hardening model affects twist springback prediction in sheet forming. </LI> <LI> A proposed indicator represents well the complex loading path history. </LI> <LI> The influence of strain path changes other than pure load reversal is assessed. </LI> <LI> Path-dependent elastic behavior and its influence on twist springback are studied. </LI> </UL> </P>
Ricardo Cavani,Marcela da Silva Rubio,Khauston Augusto Pereira Alves,Lucas José, Luduverio Pizauro,Marita Vedovelli Cardozo,Paulo Lourenç,o Silva,Iran José, Oliveira Silva,Fernando Antô,nio Avila 한국축산식품학회 2022 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.42 No.1
Brazil is considered as a great broiler feet exporter;especially for the Chinese trade. Contact lesions at the tibiotarsal region are responsible for economic losses and there is no model for its classification;thereby this study presents a fast and practical grade system to be used in the poultry industry and proposes these lesion characterizations into three different grades. For this;correlation was made between macroscopic;histological findings and microbiological quantification (Escherichia coli;Staphylococcus spp.;Streptococcus spp. and sulphite-reducing clostridia) from contact lesions in the tibiotarsal region of 112 broiler carcasses;divided in four groups (n=28);accordingly to the lesion’s intensity. There were no significant differences in microbiological quantification among the groups (p>0.05) except for the grade 3 group;as grade 1 and 2 lesions were in the early stages and histopathological changes such as ulceration were not observed. In grade 3 lesion group;it was observed bacterial cocci grume and ulceration at the articular region and significantly higher microbiological count (p<0.05) for E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. In conclusion;the visual standard proposed in this work;correlated and confirmed by the histopathologic;and microbiologic characterization;allows to precise and fast ascertainment of the contact lesion grade in the tibiotarsal regions of broiler carcasses. Moreover;it should be highlighted that grades 1 and 2 alterations are not caused by an inflammatory process caused by pathogenic agents and should not be considered a public health risk.
Tackling with Redundant Design Solutions Through Axiomatic Design
António M. Gonçalves-Coelho,Gabriela Neştian,Miguel Cavique,António Mourão 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
Redundancy is a multifaceted issue that might be addressed according to the context, and Axiomatic Design (AD) is an appropriate approach to deal with it in engineering applications. According to the AD’s Independence Axiom, design solutions can be uncoupled, decoupled or coupled. Uncoupled and decoupled solutions are seen as “good design”, the uncoupled ones being the best, while coupled designs are regarded as “poor design”. Redundant designs belong to a special kind of designs, in which the number of design parameters is larger than the number of functional requirements. Such designs can also be uncoupled, decoupled or coupled and this paper provides a systematic way for identifying the good and the poor redundant design solutions, as well as some clues to help generating good redundant designs. The paper also delivers simple examples to illustrate diverse issues of redundant designs, and presents seven new theorems two new corollaries that help identifying and generating good redundant designs.
Metabolically healthy overweight adolescents: definition and components
António Videira-Silva,Silvia Freira,Helena Fonseca 대한소아내분비학회 2020 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.25 No.4
Purpose: In adolescents, the definition and clinical implications of metabolically healthy overweight (MHO) status have not been established. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MHO according to its most widespread definition, which is based on metabolic syndrome (MS), and to explore further metabolic indicators such as Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and C-reactive protein levels, together with metabolic health predictors in a sample of adolescents attending a pediatric obesity clinic. Methods: Data from 487 adolescents categorized as overweight (52.6% females, 88.1% white), with a mean body mass index (BMI) z-score of 2.74 (±1.07 standard deviation [SD]), and a mean age of 14.4 years (±2.2 SD) were cross-sectionally analyzed. From this original sample, a subsample of 176 adolescents underwent a second assessment at 12 (±6 SD) months for longitudinal analysis. Results: From the 487 adolescents originally analyzed, 200 (41.1%) were categorized as MHO, but only 93 (19.1%) had none of the metabolic indicators considered in this study. According to longitudinal analysis, 30 of the 68 adolescents (44%) categorized as MHO at baseline became non-MHO over time. BMI z-score was the best predictor of metabolic health both in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Increased BMI z-score reduced the odds of being categorized as MHO (odds ratio [OR], 0.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4–0.9; P=.008) and increased the odds of having hypertension (OR 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4–3.3, P=0.001), insulin resistance (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.4–4.1, P=0.001), or a proinflammatory state (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1–1.3, P=0.002). Conclusion: Diagnosis of MHO should not be exclusively based on MS parameters, and other metabolic indicators should be considered. Adolescents categorized as overweight should participate in weight-management lifestyle interventions regardless of their metabolic health phenotype.
António M. G. Lopes,Gilberto C. Vaz,Aldina Santiago 국제구조공학회 2005 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.5 No.6
The present work reports on a numerical simulation of a compartment fire. The fire was modeled using a simplified approach, where combustion is simulated as a volumetric heat release. Computations were performed with the commercial code CFX 5.6. Radiation was modeled with a differential approximation (P1 model), while turbulence effects upon the mean gas flow were dealt with a SST turbulence model. Simulations were carried out using a transient approach, starting at the onset of ignition. Results are provided for the temperature field time evolution, thus allowing a direct comparison with the analytical and experimental data. The high spatial resolution available for the results proved to be of great utility for a more detailed analysis of the thermal impact on the steel structure.
Sentiment Classification of Portuguese News Headlines
António Paulo Santos,Carlos Ramos,Nuno C. Marques 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.9
This paper addresses the problem of classifying news headlines into sentiment categories. Using a supervised approach, we train a classifier for classifying each news headline as positive, negative, or neutral. A news headline is considered positive if it is associated with good things, negative if it is associated with bad things, and neutral in the remaining cases. The experiments show an accuracy that ranges from 59.00% to 63.50% when syntactic features (argument1-verb-argument2 relations) are combined with other features. The accuracy ranges from 57.50% to 62.5% when these relations are not used.
The Price Relevance of Fiscal Developments
António Afonso,João Tovar Jalles 한국국제경제학회 2017 International Economic Journal Vol.31 No.1
We use Seemingly Unrelated Regressions Estimation methods to assess the link between prices, bond yields and the fiscal behavior. A first equation determines the country-specific cost of government financing via the long-term government bond yield, as a function of budget balance positions. A second equation links the price level to the cost of government financing. Our results for 15 EU countries in the period 1980Q1–2013Q4 show that improvements in the fiscal stance lead to persistent falls in sovereign yields; higher sovereign yields are reflected in upward price movements; improvements in the fiscal stance in recession times lead to short-term decreases in yields and better fiscal stance in expansions induce downward movement in bond yields only after 8 quarters.
Nitrogen supply associated with rhizobacteria in the first productive cycle of Marandu grass
Fernando Antônio Rebouças Sampaio,Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho,Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira,Arshad Jalal,Eduardo Henrique Marcandalli Boleta,Bruno Horschut de Lima,Poliana Aparecida Leo 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.4
The rhizobacteria of genus Azospirillum and Bacillus are efective at fxing atmospheric nitrogen, promote plant growth and can largely contribute to benefcial recovery from degraded pastures. This study aimed to evaluate the development and nutritional status of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu in response to nitrogen doses along with inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis. The experiment was carried in a completely randomized design in a greenhouse with four replications and in factorial scheme 4×5. The treatments were consisted of seeds inoculation (without inoculation, A. brasilense (strains Ab-V5, Ab-V6), B. subtilis (strain CCTB04) and co-inoculation with strains of A. brasilense+strain of B. subtilis, and nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha−1, equivalent to 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg dm−3 N) from urea. The sole inoculation of A. brasilense and B. subitilis promoted plant height of Marandu grass along with nitrogen fertilization. The co-inoculation of these bacteria increased potassium accumulation in Marandu grass along with nitrogen doses. Regardless of bacterial inoculation, number of tillers, leaves, dry matter accumulation, crude protein and accumulations of N, P, Ca, S and Mg were increased with increasing nitrogen doses in the frst forage cycle.