Strengthening Financial Markets

( Doug Las Gale ) 한국금융연구원 2012 금융리포트 Vol.2012 No.2

The experience of market disruption during the recent financial crisis has focused attention on the requirements for increasing the resilience of financial markets. Theoretical research has provided new insights into the sources of "market freezes." These models offer new explanations for the sudden drying up of liquidity in terms of adverse selection, ambiguity aversion, coordination failure, hoarding and market manipulation. The challenge is to make use of these insights to help design better regulatory frameworks and improve the structure of the financial system. Reform of the regulatory framework has taken the form of increasing capital requirements and liquidity coverage ratios(Basel Ⅲ) and restricting proprietary trading(Dodd-Frank), but it does not attempt to reform the structure of the financial sector. The analysis of the moral hazard created by bailouts suggests that institutions that are "too big (interconnected, important, complex) to fail"(TBTF) should be eliminated. Equally, the analysis of market freezes suggests that innovations in the "parallel banking system"(PBS) have the potential to provide a more resilient structure for the financial system, but there has been no attempt to revive the PBS. The failure to eliminate TBTF or revive the PBS represents a lost opportunity and leaves the financial system vulnerable to future crises.

Gene Cloning, Expression, and Functional Characterization of an Ornithine Decarboxylase Protein from Serratia Liquefaciens IFI65

( De Las Rivas ),( Blanca ),( Alfonso V. Carrascosa ),( Rosario Munoz ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2007 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.17 No.3

Cats Climb Entails Mammals Move: Preserving Hyponymy in Compositional Distributional Semantics

( Gemma De Las Cuevas ),( Andreas Klingler ),( Martha Lewis ),( Tim Netzer ) 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2021 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.22 No.3

To give vector-based representations of meaning more structure, an approach proposed in Piedeleu et al. (2015); Sadrzadeh et al. (2018); Bankova et al. (2018) is to use positive semidefinite (psd) matrices. These allow us to model similarity of words as well as the hyponymy or is-a relationship. To compose words to form phrases and sentences, we may represent adjectives, verbs, and other functional words as multilinear, positivity preserving maps, following the compositional distributional approach introduced in Coecke et al. (2010) and extended to the realm of psd matrices in Piedeleu et al. (2015), but it is not clear how to learn representations of functional words when working with psd matrices. In this paper, we introduce a generic way of composing the psd matrices corresponding to words. We propose that psd matrices for verbs, adjectives, and other functional words be lifted to completely positive (CP) maps that match their grammatical type. This lifting is carried out by our composition rule called Compression, Compr. In contrast to previous composition rules like Fuzz and Phaser (Coecke and Meichanetzidis, 2020) (a.k.a. KMult and BMult (Lewis, 2019a)), Compr preserves hyponymy. Mathematically, Compr is itself a CP map, and is therefore linear and generally non-commutative. We give a number of proposals for the structure of Compr, based on spiders, cups, and caps, and generate a range of composition rules. We test these rules on sentence entailment datasets from Kartsaklis and Sadrzadeh (2016), and see some improvements over the performance of Fuzz and Phaser. We go on to estimate the parameters of a simplified form of Compr based on entailment information from the aforementioned datasets, and find that whilst this learnt operator does not consistently outperform previously proposed mechanisms, it is competitive and has the potential to improve with the use of a less simplified version.

Short-term outcomes in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for deep infiltrative endometriosis with rectal involvement: a single-center experience of 168 cases

Casas Sara Gortázar de las,Spagnolo Emanuela,Saverio Salomone Di,Álvarez-Gallego Mario,Carrasco Ana López,López María Carbonell,Cobos Sergio Torres,Campo Constantino Fondevila,Gutiérrez Alicia Hernánd 대한대장항문학회 2023 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.39 No.3

Purpose: The surgical management of deep infiltrative endometriosis (DE) involving the rectum remains a challenge. The objective of this study was to assess the outcomes from a single tertiary center over a decade with an emphasis on the role of a protective loop ileostomy (PI).Methods: A retrospective review of outcomes for 168 patients managed between 2008 and 2018 is presented including 57 rectal shaves, 23 discoid excisions, and 88 segmental rectal resections.Results: The nodule size (mean±standard deviation) in the segmental resection group was 32.7±11.2 mm, 23.4±10.5 mm for discoid excision, and 18.8±6.0 mm for rectal shaves. A PI was performed in 19 elective cases (11.3%) usually for an ultra-low anastomosis <5 cm from the anal verge. All Clavien-Dindo grade III/IV complications occurred after segmental resections and included 5 anastomotic leaks, 6 rectovaginal fistulas, 2 ureteric fistulas, and 1 ureteric stenosis. Of 26 stomas (15.5%), there were 19 PIs, 3 secondary ileostomies (after complications), and 4 end colostomies. The median time to PI closure was 5.8 months (range, 0.4–16.7 months) in uncomplicated disease compared with 9.2 months (range, 4.7–18.4 months) when initial postoperative complications were recorded (P=0.019). Only 1 patient with a recurrent rectovaginal fistula had a permanent colostomy.Conclusion: In patients with DE and rectal involvement a PI is selectively used for low anastomoses and complex pelvic reconstructions. Protective stomas and those used in the definitive management of a major postoperative complication can usually be reversed.

The European Green Deal: Policies and Tools for Building a Green Partnership between the EU and Asia Pacific Countries

( Beatriz Pérez De Las Heras ) 한국EU학회 2021 Asia-Pacific Journal of EU Studies Vol.19 No.2

The European Green Deal (EGD) is the European Union (EU)’s current comprehensive policy framework for achieving climate neutrality by 2050 in compliance with its obligations under the Paris Agreement. However, given the global nature of the climate change challenge, no internal EU policy can achieve climate neutrality if it is not backed by external climate action. Among its foreign policies, the EU is increasingly using trade as an important tool for promoting sustainability. In particular, free trade agreements with certain partner countries, such as those in the Asia Pacific region, now include chapters on trade and sustainable development. However, despite their potential to promote green cooperation, the level of environmental engagement contained in these FTAs and their enforcement in this area are limited. The EU will therefore have to reinforce the external dimension of the EGD in the coming years if it is to achieve its stated ambition of becoming the world’s first climate-neutral economy.

전혈을 이용한 혈소판 응집능검사의 임상적 유용성에 관한 고찰

하영주,채석래,전회선,김현태 大韓血液學會 1993 大韓血液學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

비평형 1차 외삽 경계조건을 이용한 격자 볼츠만 법의 수치적 안정성 및 정확도에 관한 연구

정해권(Hae-Kwon Jeong),김래성(Las-Sung Kim),이현구(Hyun-Goo Lee),하만영(Man-Yeong Ha) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.5

Non-equilibrium first order extrapolation boundary condition proposed by Guo et al. proposed has a good application for complex geometries, a second order accuracy and a treatment on non-slip wall boundary condition easily. However it has a lack of the numerical stability from high Reynolds number. Guo et al. substituted the density value of adjacent nodes for the density of boundary nodes. This procedure causes the numerical instability on the boundary. In this paper, we derived a procedure of density extrapolation and compared to previous results.

가상경계 격자 볼츠만법을 이용한 사각 캐비티 내부 열유동 해석에 관한 전산 해석

정해권(Hae-Kwon Jeong),김래성(Las-Sung Kim),김두현(Doo-Hyun Kim),양희주(Hui-Ju Yang),하만영(Man-Yeong, Ha) 대한기계학회 2006 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2006 No.11

In this paper, we propose a new approach to implementing Immersed-Boundary in the lattice Boltzmann method. We adapt the Immersed-Boundary to the thermal lattice Boltzmann method using an equilibrium velocity. This model does not have additional external force term when we calculate the collision process and is much easier to be implemented. This model is validated by the numerical simulation of the natural convection and lid-driven flow in a square cavity with a cylinder.

여론조사보도에 대한 제3자효과 검증

김성태(Sung Tae Kim),라스 윌나트(Las Willnat),데이비드 위버(David Weaver) 한국언론정보학회 2006 한국언론정보학보 Vol.32 No.-

이 연구는 사람들이 전통적인 여론조사와 온라인 여론조사를 통해 얻어진 결과를 어떻게 다르게 인식하는가를 제2자효과론(Third Person Effects)을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 미디어의 영향이 본인보다 다른 사림에게 더 클 것이라는 제3자효과론은 그 동안 미디어효과 연구분야에서 폭넓게 적용되어 왔다. 하지만 최근 인터넷을 이용한 온라인 여론조사의 광범위한 사용으로 과연 이러한 여론조사에서, 특히 우리가 기존에 사용해왔던 전화를 통한 무작위 표본조사와 대표성이 약한 온라인인 여론조사의 차이를 고려할 때, 실질적으로 미디어 이용자 입장에서는 얼마나 그 차이를 인식하는지는 매우 중요한 연구과제라 할 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 서로 다른 두 가지 유형의 여론조사의 결과가 수용자에게 미치는 영향 측면에서 서로 다른 크기의 제3자 효과가 나타나는지에 대한 관심도 커질 수밖에 없다. 이률 위해서 서베이와 실험연구 두 방법을 병용하여 이 문제에 대한 좀더 심층적인 분석을 시도하였다. During the past decades, public opinion polls have become an ubiquitous tool for probing the complexity of people's beliefs and attitudes on a wide variety of issues. Especially since the late 1970s, the use of polls by news organizations has increased dramatically. Along with the proliferation of traditional polls, in the past few yeats pollsters and news organizations have come to recognize the advantages of online polls. Increasingly there has been more effort to take the pulse of the public through the Internet. With the Internet's rapid growth during the past years, advocates of online polling often emphasize the relative advantages over traditional polls. Researchers from Harris Black International Lrd., for example, argue that "Internet polling is less expensive and faster and offers higher response rates than telephone surveys." Moreover, since many of the newer online polls draw respondents from large databases of registered Internet users, results of online polls have become more balanced. A series of Harris Black online polls conducted during the 1998 gubernatorial and senatorial elections, for example, has accurately projected the winners in 21 of the 22 races it tracked. Many researchers, however, severely criticize online polls for not being representative of the larger population. Despite the often enormous number of participants, Internet users who participate in online polls tend to be younger, better educated and more affluent than the general population. As Traugott pointed out, the people polled in Internet surveys are a "self selected" group, and thus "have volunteered to be part of the test sample, which could mean they are more comfortable with technology, more informed about news and events … than Americans who aren't online." The fact that users of online polls are self selected and demographically very different from Americans who have no access to the Internet is likely to influence the estimates of what the majority of people think about social or political issues. One of the goals of this study is therefore to analyze whether people perceive traditional and online public opinion polls differently. While most people might not differentiate sufficiently between traditional random sam￢ple polls and non representative online polls, some audiences might perceive online polls as more useful and representative. Since most online polls allow some form of direct participation, mostly in the form of an instant vote by mouse dick, and often present their findings based on huge numbers of respondents, consumers of these polls might perceive them as more accurate, representative or reliable than traditional random sample polls. If that is true, perceptions of public opinion in society could be significantly distorted for those who rely on or participate in online polls. In addition to investigating how people perceive random sample and online polls, this study focuses on the perceived impact of public opinion polls. Similar to these past studies, which focused on how public opinion polls can influence the perception of mass opinion, this study will analyze how people perceive the effects of polls on themselves and other people. This interest springs from prior studies of the "third person effect," which have found thar people often tend to perceive that persuasive communications exert a stronger influence on others than on themselves. While most studies concerned with the political effects of public opinion polls show that exit polls and early reporting of election returns have only weak or no effects on the outcome of election campaigns, some empirical findings suggest that exposure to polls can move people's opinions both coward and away from perceived majority opinion. Thus, if people indeed believe that polls influence others more than themselves, perceptions of majority opinion could be significantly altered because people might anticipate that others will react more strongly to poil re

Assembly strategies of wind turbine towers for minimum fatigue damage

Nunez-Casado, Cristina,Lopez-Garcia, Oscar,de las Heras, Enrique Gomez,Cuerva-Tejero, Alvaro,Gallego-Castillo, Cristobal Techno-Press 2017 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.25 No.6

The aim of this paper is to present a method to obtain the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower in time domain by means of the generation of time series and to estimate the associated fatigue damage by means of a Rainflow counting algorithm. The proposed method is based on assuming the vortex shedding is a bidimensional phenomena and on following a classical modal superposition method to obtain the structure dynamic response. Four different wind turbine tower geometric configurations have been analyzed in a range of usual wind velocities and covering extreme wind velocities. The obtained results have shown that, depending on the turbulence intensity and the mean wind velocity, there are tower geometric configurations more advantageous from the fatigue load standpoint. Consequently, the presented model can be utilized to define assembly strategies oriented to fatigue damage minimization.