BRAND ORIGIN AND CONSUMER ETHNOCENTRISM IN THE LUXURY FASHION INDUSTRY: IMPACT ON CONSUMERS’ RESPONSES TO MANUFACTURING DELOCALIZATION

Marie-C?cile Cervellon,Yil A.M. Schiele 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7

The objective of this paper is to understand consumers’ responses (attitude, perception of quality and luxury) to production delocalization in the luxury industry, based on brand origin matching consumers’ origin or not, in order to understand the interaction brand origin and consumer ethnocentrism on those responses.Two experiments were conducted. Study 1 exposes 166 respondents (French, Italian and other European) to a message of delocalization of either a French or Italian brand supposed to delocalize production to China. Study 2 assesses, among 62 French women, the implicit preference toward French luxury brands (through the Implicit Association Test, Greenwald et al. 1998) and the level of consumer ethnocentrism (through CETSCALE, Sharma et al. 1995). Then, the group is exposed between subjects to 2 delocalization messages X 2 country of delocalization (China, Poland EU) Although brand origin is not salient when consumers evaluate brands (no explicit preference for French brands over Italian brands across studies), it is nonetheless present below awareness, as part of the brand heritage and the brand identity (measured through an implicit preference for French brands over Italian brands among our French respondents). It manifests in context of brands delocalizing out of the home country. Across studies, the attitude toward the brand, the perception of quality and perception of luxury is affected negatively post-exposure to a message of delocalization. Yet, this result is moderated by consumer ethnocentrism and message framing. When the message induces positive consequences for the brand and for the national economy, French respondents (and Italian respondents in study 1) are less affected by the delocalization of their home brands than other respondents. In turn, when the message highlights a loss in national employment, respondents judge the brand more negatively. The effect is stronger for respondents higher in ethnocentrism. The country of delocalization does not influence those results. There is scarcity of papers investigating the CoO effect for luxury brands, although the luxury business model and luxury brand identity are rooted into brand origin. This paper is the first to our knowledge to investigate the effect of brand origin and consumer ethnocentrism on brand delocalization.

현대 불소설의 연금술적 변용에 관한 연구 - Michel Tournier 와 Marguerite Yourcenar 를 중심으로 -

이재실(Je Cile Lee) 한국프랑스학회 1997 한국프랑스학논집 Vol.22 No.-

Opus alchymicum, c`est-dire la cojonction. 1`aeuvre au noir(nigredo). 1`oeuvre au blanc(albedo) et 1`aeuvre au rouge(rubedo) se transforment en maints themes littkraires grace leur structure archetype. Le thyme de 1`alchimie dans 1`aeuvre de Tournier et de Yourcenar, que ce soit au niveau historique ou psychologique, incarne la permanence de la mentality si ancienne d travers son dynamisme et perptuel mouvement. L`or dans 1`alchimie symbolise la perfection des mtaux et en meme temps la realisation spirituelle de 1`alchimiste lui-meme. Le Grand uvre est considr comme le support physique dune transformation mentale de morale. Pour Jung, 1`or, objet de la rgnration alchimique, c`est 1`homme dans sa totality, la realisation d`un tout. Ainsi, Robinson dans Vendredi ou les limbes du Pacifique accede la perspective gnostique ou $quot;Connaissance et Rkdemption vont de pair$quot;. Et dans L`uvre au noir, le suicide de Znon est la veritable oeuvre au rouge qu`il n`a pas pu atteindre dons sa vie. Psychologiquement et alchimiquement parlant. Znon est 1`image mime du victorieux car il n`y a accomplissement et victoire qu`intrieurs.

신화적 상상계와 샤머니즘 - 통과제의 시나리오로 본 내림굿

이재실(Je Cile Lee) 한국샤머니즘학회 2000 샤머니즘연구 Vol.2 No.-

N/A

Technological Innovation, Organizational Change, and Employee s Resistance in Developing Countries

Alidou Ouedraogo,Noswaoga Ce,cile Tiemtore KINFORMS 2021 Management Review Vol.16 No.1

This research falls within the field of technological developments and employee resistance to organizational change. It addresses the following issue: why have La Poste BF (Burkina Faso) employees resisted organizational changes following recent technological developments? A conceptual framework was mobilized, starting from the literature review, articulating the theory of cognitive dissonance and the theory of organizational justice. We generated two research proposals that suggest a link between employees age, abandonment of organizational routines, and resistance to change. These research proposals were empirically verified through fortyfive (45) semi-structured interviews. Our research s main findings indicate that resistance is related to implementation process rather than the need for change. More specifically, employee resistance is not linked to a high average age but lacks involvement and consultation of field employees when implementing specific changes that affect them. They also indicate that changes at the organizational level have forced agents to abandon the routines to which they are attached, resulting in stress, frustration, and organized resistance.

Acid stress activation of the &sgr;^E stress response in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Typhimurium

Muller, Cé,cile,Bang, Iel-Soo,Velayudhan, Jyoti,Karlinsey, Joyce,Papenfort, Kai,Vogel, Jö,rg,Fang, Ferric C. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Molecular microbiology Vol.71 No.5

<P>Summary</P><P>The alternative sigma factor &sgr;<SUP>E</SUP> is activated by unfolded outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and plays an essential role in <I>Salmonella</I> pathogenesis. The canonical pathway of &sgr;<SUP>E</SUP> activation in response to envelope stress involves sequential proteolysis of the anti-sigma factor RseA by the PDZ proteases DegS and RseP. Here we show that &sgr;<SUP>E</SUP> in <I>Salmonella enterica</I> sv. Typhimurium can also be activated by acid stress. A &sgr;<SUP>E</SUP>-deficient mutant exhibits increased susceptibility to acid pH and reduced survival in an acidified phagosomal vacuole. Acid activation of &sgr;<SUP>E</SUP>-dependent gene expression is independent of the unfolded OMP signal or the DegS protease but requires processing of RseA by RseP. The RseP PDZ domain is indispensable for acid induction, suggesting that acid stress may disrupt an inhibitory interaction between RseA and the RseP PDZ domain to allow RseA proteolysis in the absence of antecedent action of DegS. These observations demonstrate a novel environmental stimulus and activation pathway for the &sgr;<SUP>E</SUP> regulon that appear to be critically important during <I>Salmonella</I>–host cell interactions.</P>

KOLS’ INFLUENCE ON GENERATION Z CONSUMERS IN CHINA AND FRANCE: A SELF-EXPANSION FRAMEWORK

Tingting Mo,Marie-C?cile Cervellon 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2020 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2020 No.11

Great Heterogeneity of Commercial Fruit Juices to Induce Endothelium-Dependent Relaxations in Isolated Porcine Coronary Arteries: Role of the Phenolic Content and Composition

Cyril Auger,Ce´cile Arnold,Ce´line Marx,Brigitte Pollet,Vale´rie B. Schini-Kerth 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.1

Since polyphenol-rich products such as red wine, grape juice, and grape extracts have been shown to induce potent endothelium-dependent relaxations, we have evaluated whether commercial fruit juices such as those from berries are also able to induce endothelium-dependent relaxations of isolated coronary arteries and, if so, to determine whether this effect is related to their phenolic content. Among the 51 fruit juices tested, 2/12 grape juices, 3/7 blackcurrant juices, 4/5 cranberry juices, 1/6 apple juices, 0/5 orange juices, 2/6 red fruit and berry juices, 3/6 blends of red fruit juices, and 0/4 non-red fruit juices were able to induce relaxations achieving more than 50% at a volume of 1%. The active fruit juices had phenolic contents ranging from 0.31 to 1.86 g GAE/L, which were similar to those of most of the less active juices with the exception of one active grape juice (2.14 g GAE/L) and one active blend of red fruit juices (3.48 g GAE/L). Altogether, these findings indicate that very few commercial fruit juices have the ability to induce potent endothelium-dependent relaxations, and that this effect is not related to their quantitative phenolic content, but rather to their qualitative phenolic composition.

The Nuclear Immune Receptor <i>RPS4</i> Is Required for <i>RRS1^SLH1</i> -Dependent Constitutive Defense Activation in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Sohn, Kee Hoon,Segonzac, Cé,cile,Rallapalli, Ghanasyam,Sarris, Panagiotis F.,Woo, Joo Yong,Williams, Simon J.,Newman, Toby E.,Paek, Kyung Hee,Kobe, Bostjan,Jones, Jonathan D. G. Public Library of Science 2014 PLoS genetics Vol.10 No.10

<▼1><P>Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) disease resistance (R) proteins recognize specific “avirulent” pathogen effectors and activate immune responses. NB-LRR proteins structurally and functionally resemble mammalian Nod-like receptors (NLRs). How NB-LRR and NLR proteins activate defense is poorly understood. The divergently transcribed Arabidopsis <I>R</I> genes, <I>RPS4</I> (resistance to <I>Pseudomonas syringae</I> 4) and <I>RRS1</I> (resistance to <I>Ralstonia solanacearum</I> 1), function together to confer recognition of <I>Pseudomonas</I> AvrRps4 and <I>Ralstonia</I> PopP2. <I>RRS1</I> is the only known recessive NB-LRR <I>R</I> gene and encodes a WRKY DNA binding domain, prompting suggestions that it acts downstream of RPS4 for transcriptional activation of defense genes. We define here the early RRS1-dependent transcriptional changes upon delivery of PopP2 <I>via Pseudomonas</I> type III secretion. The Arabidopsis <I>slh1</I> (<I>sensitive to low humidity 1</I>) mutant encodes an RRS1 allele (RRS1<SUP>SLH1</SUP>) with a single amino acid (leucine) insertion in the WRKY DNA-binding domain. Its poor growth due to constitutive defense activation is rescued at higher temperature. Transcription profiling data indicate that RRS1<SUP>SLH1</SUP>-mediated defense activation overlaps substantially with AvrRps4- and PopP2-regulated responses. To better understand the genetic basis of RPS4/RRS1-dependent immunity, we performed a genetic screen to identify <I><U>su</U>ppressor of</I><U>s</U>l<U>h</U>1 <I><U>i</U>mmunity</I> (<I>sushi</I>) mutants. We show that many <I>sushi</I> mutants carry mutations in <I>RPS4</I>, suggesting that RPS4 acts downstream or in a complex with RRS1. Interestingly, several mutations were identified in a domain C-terminal to the RPS4 LRR domain. Using an <I>Agrobacterium</I>-mediated transient assay system, we demonstrate that the P-loop motif of RPS4 but not of RRS1<SUP>SLH1</SUP> is required for RRS1<SUP>SLH1</SUP> function. We also recapitulate the dominant suppression of RRS1<SUP>SLH1</SUP> defense activation by wild type RRS1 and show this suppression requires an intact RRS1 P-loop. These analyses of RRS1<SUP>SLH1</SUP> shed new light on mechanisms by which NB-LRR protein pairs activate defense signaling, or are held inactive in the absence of a pathogen effector.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>How plant NB-LRR resistance proteins and the related mammalian Nod-like receptors (NLRs) activate defense is poorly understood. Plant and animal immune receptors can function in pairs. Two Arabidopsis nuclear immune receptors, RPS4 and RRS1, confer recognition of the unrelated bacterial effectors, AvrRps4 and PopP2, and activate defense. Using delivery of PopP2 into Arabidopsis leaf cells <I>via Pseudomonas</I> type III secretion, we define early transcriptional changes upon RPS4/RRS1-dependent PopP2 recognition. We show an auto-active allele of RRS1, RRS1<SUP>SLH1</SUP>, triggers transcriptional reprogramming of defense genes that are also reprogrammed by AvrRps4 or PopP2 in an RPS4/RRS1-dependent manner. To discover genetic requirements for RRS1<SUP>SLH1</SUP> auto-activation, we conducted a suppressor screen. Many <I>suppressor of</I> slh1 <I>immunity</I> (<I>sushi</I>) mutants that are impaired in RRS1<SUP>SLH1</SUP>-mediated auto-activation carry loss-of-function mutations in RPS4. This suggests that RPS4 functions as a signaling component together with or downstream of RRS1-activated immunity, in contrast to earlier hypotheses, significantly advancing our understanding of how immune receptors activate defense in plants.</P></▼2>

Whole Genome Enabled Phylogenetic and Secretome Analyses of Two Venturia nashicola Isolates

Maxim Prokchorchik,Kyungho Won,Yoonyoung Lee,Cé,cile Segonzac,Kee Hoon Sohn 한국식물병리학회 2020 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.36 No.1

Venturia nashicola is a fungal pathogen causing scab disease in Asian pears. It is particularly important in the Northeast Asia region where Asian pears are intensively grown. Venturia nashicola causes disease in Asian pear but not in European pear. Due to the highly restricted host range of Venturia nashicola, it is hypothesized that the small secreted proteins deployed by the pathogen are responsible for the host determination. Here we report the whole genome based phylogenetic analysis and predicted secretomes for V. nashicola isolates. We believe that our data will provide a valuable information for further validation and functional characterization of host determinants in V. nashicola.

A Bacterial Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibits Plant Pattern Recognition Receptor Activation

Macho, Alberto P.,Schwessinger, Benjamin,Ntoukakis, Vardis,Brutus, Alexandre,Segonzac, Cé,cile,Roy, Sonali,Kadota, Yasuhiro,Oh, Man-Ho,Sklenar, Jan,Derbyshire, Paul,Lozano-Durá,n, Rosa,Mal American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2014 Science Vol.343 No.6178

<P><B>Move and Countermove</B></P><P>Receptors on plant cell surfaces are tuned to recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogenic bacteria. <B>Macho <I>et al.</I></B> (p. 1509; published online 13 March) found that activation of one of these receptors in <I>Arabidopsis</I> results in phosphorylation of a specific tyrosine residue, which in turn triggers the plant's immune response to the phytopathogen <I>Pseudomonas syringae. P. syringae</I> counters by secreting a specifically targeted phosphatase, thus stalling the plant's immune response.</P>