Water Coordination, Proton Mobility, and Lewis Acidity in HY Nanozeolites: A High-Temperature ¹H and ²⁷Al NMR Study

Katsiotis, Marios S.,Fardis, Michael,Al Wahedi, Yasser,Stephen, Samuel,Tzitzios, Vasilios,Boukos, Nikolaos,Kim, Hae Jin,Alhassan, Saeed M.,Papavassiliou, Georgios American Chemical Society 2015 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.119 No.6

<P>A nanosized HY zeolite was synthesized and studied by means of <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>27</SUP>Al NMR during thermal dehydration in the temperature range 20–600 °C. The nanozeolite is comprised of a mixture of well-crystallized ultrathin platelets and octahedral nanocrystals, dressed with pentacoordinated extraframework Al<SUP>(V)</SUP>. <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spin–lattice (<I>T</I><SUB>1</SUB>) and spin–spin (<I>T</I><SUB>2</SUB>) relaxation measurements in combination with <SUP>27</SUP>Al 3Q-MAS NMR reveal two different interaction paths between water molecules and the nanozeolite solid matrix: (i) water molecules strongly interacting with Al<SUP>(V)</SUP> cations, indicated by the high <I>T</I><SUB>1</SUB>/<I>T</I><SUB>2</SUB> ratio, and (ii) water molecules with amply smaller <I>T</I><SUB>1</SUB>/<I>T</I><SUB>2</SUB> ratio, interacting moderately with Al<SUP>(IV)</SUP> and Al<SUP>(VI)</SUP> cations. Relevant measurements on bulk HY rich in extraframework Al<SUP>(VI)</SUP> show the presence of the second relaxation channel only, indicating that the enhanced water adsorption observed for the nanozeolite originates partly from its extended surface and partly from the Al<SUP>(V)</SUP> decoration. Al<SUP>(IV)</SUP> sites in the nanozeolite appear to be highly resilient during heating, even while the framework starts to collapse and Al<SUP>(VI)</SUP> transforms to Al<SUP>(V)</SUP>. Finally, <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR shows that water protons interact particularly strongly with the Al sites in the nanozeolite at temperatures as high as 500 °C, unveiling the important role of the Al<SUP>(V)</SUP> decoration on this nanocatalyst.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2015/jpccck.2015.119.issue-6/jp513030w/production/images/medium/jp-2014-13030w_0013.gif'></P>

Microbial Consortia in Oman Oil Fields: A Possible Use in Enhanced Oil Recovery

( Al Bahry Saif N ),( Abdulkader E. Elsahfie ),( Yahya M. Al Wahaibi ),( Ali S. Al Bimani ),( Sanket J. Joshi ),( Ratiba A. Al Maaini ),( Wafa J. Al Alawai ),( Yuichi Sugai ),( Mussalam Al Mandhari ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.1

Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is one of the most economical and efficient methods for extending the life of production wells in a declining reservoir. Microbial consortia from Wafra oil wells and Suwaihat production water, Al-Wusta region, Oman were screened. Microbial consortia in brine samples were identified using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rRNA gene sequences. The detected microbial consortia of Wafra oil wells were completely different from microbial consortia of Suwaihat formation water. A total of 33 genera and 58 species were identified in Wafra oil wells and Suwaihat production water. All of the identified microbial genera were first reported in Oman, with Caminicella sporogenes for the first time reported from oil fields. Most of the identified microorganisms were found to be anaerobic, thermophilic, and halophilic, and produced biogases, biosolvants, and biosurfactants as by-products, which may be good candidates for MEOR.

Microstructural Evolutions, Hot Deformation and Work Hardening Behaviour of Novel Al–Zn Binary Alloys Processed by Squeezing and Hot Extrusion

S. Sivasankaran,K. R. Ramkumar,Hany R. Ammar,Fahad A. Al‑Mufadi,Abdulaziz S. Alaboodi,Osama Mohamed Irfan 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.4

The main goals of this work were to manufacture novel Al–Zn extruded alloys by varying the Zn content (0, 10, 20, 30 wt%),investigate the microstructural evolutions, hot deformation, and work hardening behaviour by hot compression test at differenttemperatures (25 °C, 75 °C, 150 °C, 225 °C, 300 °C). Al–20Zn alloy microstructure revealed α-Al and uniform distributionof (α + η) phases, coherent (α + η) crystals in GBs with casting defect-free surfaces, and effective interactions of pinningdislocations which led to improve mechanical performance of Al–20Zn alloy, as compared to the other alloys. The observedengineering stress–strain curve results revealed the decrease of stress with increasing of temperature due to flow softening,dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization. These results displayed also an increase of stress value with increasingof Zn content due to the precipitation of high density (α + η) phase in the matrix and GBs, increasing of forest and mobiledislocations density with strain fields, and the formation of fine dendrites. Work hardening rate (WHR) of extruded samplesdisplayed three stages: stage I, WHR decreased slightly with increasing of temperature up to 75 °C and decreased drasticallyfrom 75 °C to 300 °C due to softening; stage II, WHR maintained constant due to balance between dislocation generationsand dislocation annihilation; stage III, WHR slightly increased due to strain hardening of (α + η) phase. WHR was observedto increase considerably with increasing of Zn content due to the formation and dispersion of high density of (α + η) phasein the Al matrix and GBs. Deformation micro-localization in terms of different characteristics was examined and reportedon the deformed samples after hot-compression test through SEM micrographs.

알-하피즈 아랍어 연어 사전에 관한 적절한 평가: 코퍼스를 기반으로 한 연구

알리알할라와니 ( Ali Al Halawani ),히샴카다와르디 ( Hesham Khadawardi ),모하메드엘아스카리 ( Mohamed Elaskary ) 한국외국어대학교 중동연구소 2015 중동연구 Vol.33 No.3

연어(collocation) 학습은 외국인 학생과 외국어 학습자에게 있어매우 중요하다. 원어민은 배우지 않아도 자연스럽고 능숙하게 연어를 구사할 수 있지만, 외국인 학습자가 원어민 수준으로 외국어 실력을 향상시키기 위해서는 연어를 학습해야만 한다. 서구 언어학자들과 사전편찬자들이 연어에 대해 관심을 갖기 시작한 것은1933 년부터이다. 최초의 영어 연어 사전(the BBI)이 1986 년에 출간된 반면 아랍어 연어 사전은 2004 년에 처음 발간되었다. 이 논문은 최초의 아랍어 연어 사전인 Al-Hafiz 사전에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 연어 사전은 번역가, 작가 그리고 외국어 학습자에게 없어서는 안될 필수품이다. 연어 번역에 나타나는 오역의 원인 중 하나는 번역가가 연어에 대한 자세한 설명과 예문이없는 일반 이중언어 사전을 참고하기 때문이다. 이 논문은 언어학적 방법론과 학문적 비평을 기반으로 한 현대 기술의 도입으로 아랍어-영어와 영어-아랍어 범용사전뿐만 아니라 특수사전 분야에서도 선도적 역할을 담당하게 하기 위함을 목적으로 한다. 이 점과 관련하여, 이 논문에서는 Al-Hafiz 사전의 장점과 단점에 대해살펴볼 것이다. 본 연구의 목적은 Al-Hafiz 사전에서 발견되는 오류들을 지적하기 보다는 오류의 수정을 통해 아랍어 사전편찬자들이 이런점들을 활용하여 같은 실수를 반복하지 않게 하는 데 있다. 사전편찬자가 사전 편찬에 좀더 심혈을 기울여서, 일반독자들조차쉽게 발견할 수 있는 오류들을 범하지 않았더라면 Al-Hafiz 사전은더 잘 만들어졌을 것이다. 이에 본 논문은 연어 사전을 편찬하는 데있어 코포라(corpora)나 소프트웨어(software) 같은 현대기술의 활용을 제안한다. Collocation has become one of the most controversial linguistic terms of today. As evidence to this, linguists did not agree up till today as to its exact definition, types or patterns. This may explain, to some extent, the scarcity of collocational dictionaries and their late appearance regardless of the huge number of collocations that can be found in general (i.e. noncollocational) lexicons and dictionaries of nearly all languages. Added to this is the difficulty of compiling a collocational dictionary unless modern technological tools such as computers, huge corpora, and text analysis software are used. This is true as the first English collocational dictionary appeared in 1986, the BBI, while in Arabic, the first one to appear was Hafiz in 2004 which is the main focus of this paper. This is exactly the reason behind our interest in this dictionary as it is already the first of its kind in Arabic as is mentioned by its author on its front cover. Collocation dictionaries are indispensable tools for the translator, writer and learner of any foreign language. One of the reasons behind the errors translators make in rendering collocations from one language to another is that they consult general-purpose bilingual dictionaries that do not provide the translators with detailed explanation or examples of collocations. Hence, the significance of this paper as it represents an attempt towards introducing a modern-technology-based linguistic methodological and academic criticism for evaluating such a great effort aiming at elevating it to the best shape it can be and to help it become a model to be emulated in the field of compiling specialized as well as non-specialized Arabic/ English and English/Arabic dictionaries.As the dictionary’s author has committed-according to Al-Halawani-a number of methodological, editorial and translational mistakes; a matter which makes it incumbent upon specialists to look into its content to clarify such mistakes and attempt to amend them whenever possible.

Genotype and Allelic Frequencies of a Newly Identified Mutation Causing Blindness in Jordanian Awassi Sheep Flocks

Jawasreh, K.I.Z.,Ababneh, H.,Awawdeh, F.T.,Al-Massad, M.A.,Al-Majali, A.M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.1

A total of 423 blood samples were collected (during 2009 and 2010) from all the ram holdings at three major Jordanian governmental Awassi breeding stations (Al-Khanasry, Al- Mushairfa and Al-Fjaje) and two private flocks. All blood samples were screened for the presence of mutations at the CNGA3 gene (responsible for day blindness in Awassi sheep) using RFLP-PCR. The day blindness mutation was detected in all studied flocks. The overall allele and genotype frequencies of all studied flocks of the day blindness mutation were 0.088 and 17.49%, respectively. The genotype and allele frequencies were higher in station flocks than the farmer flocks (0.121, 24.15 and 0.012, 2.32, respectively). Al-Mushairfa and Al-Khanasry stations have the highest genotype and allele frequencies for the day blindness mutation that were 27.77, 30.00% and 0.14, 0.171, respectively. The investigated farmer flocks have low percentages (0.03, 5.88% at Al-Shoubak and 0.005 and 1.05%, at Al-Karak, respectively for genotype and allele frequencies) compared with the breeding stations. Ram culling strategy was applied throughout the genotyping period in order to gradually eradicate this newly identified day blindness mutation from Jordanian Breeding station, since they annually distribute a high percentage of improved rams to farmer's flocks.

Assessment of performance of machine learning based similarities calculated for different English translations of Holy Quran

Al Ghamdi, Norah Mohammad,Khan, Muhammad Badruddin International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.4

This research article presents the work that is related to the application of different machine learning based similarity techniques on religious text for identifying similarities and differences among its various translations. The dataset includes 10 different English translations of verses (Arabic: Ayah) of two Surahs (chapters) namely, Al-Humazah and An-Nasr. The quantitative similarity values for different translations for the same verse were calculated by using the cosine similarity and semantic similarity. The corpus went through two series of experiments: before pre-processing and after pre-processing. In order to determine the performance of machine learning based similarities, human annotated similarities between translations of two Surahs (chapters) namely Al-Humazah and An-Nasr were recorded to construct the ground truth. The average difference between the human annotated similarity and the cosine similarity for Surah (chapter) Al-Humazah was found to be 1.38 per verse (ayah) per pair of translation. After pre-processing, the average difference increased to 2.24. Moreover, the average difference between human annotated similarity and semantic similarity for Surah (chapter) Al-Humazah was found to be 0.09 per verse (Ayah) per pair of translation. After pre-processing, it increased to 0.78. For the Surah (chapter) An-Nasr, before preprocessing, the average difference between human annotated similarity and cosine similarity was found to be 1.93 per verse (Ayah), per pair of translation. And. After pre-processing, the average difference further increased to 2.47. The average difference between the human annotated similarity and the semantic similarity for Surah An-Nasr before preprocessing was found to be 0.93 and after pre-processing, it was reduced to 0.87 per verse (ayah) per pair of translation. The results showed that as expected, the semantic similarity was proven to be better measurement indicator for calculation of the word meaning.

Characterization and Properties of Aluminium Reinforced Milled Carbon Fibres Composites Synthesized by Uniball Milling and Uniaxial Hot Pressing

Buraq Talib Shalash AL‑Mosawi,David Wexler,Andrzej Calka 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.9

Al-matrix composites reinforced with variant quantity of milled carbon fibers (MCFs) were manufactured via uniball magnetomilling and uniaxial hot pressing (UHP). Cylindrical compacts of these composites were produced at approximately600 °C for 15 min and 70 MPa uniaxial pressure in an argon atmosphere. The microstructure of powders and consolidatedcomposite samples were studied by X-ray diffractometry and field emission scanning electron microscope with energy dispersivespectroscopy. The physical and mechanical properties of the bulk samples were estimated by Archimedes density,Vickers microhardness, modulus of elasticity, maximum compressive strength, yield strength, nanoindentation, and specificwear rate. Results show that Al + 20 vol% of MCFs has a higher compressive strength of (710 ± 32) MPa and modulus ofelasticity of (15 ± 2) GPa compared to other composites and unreinforced Al sample. There are several factors that couldbe participate in improving the composite properties. These reasons included enhanced interface between Al matrix andMFCs, free of porosity, refined microstructure, and improved wetting between MFCs and Al matrix. Also, the specific wearrate of the composite was decreased when the MCFs volume fraction increases from 5 to 20%. This might propose thatMFCs reduced the wear of the composites by acting as a self-lubrication material and might be suggested when using thesetypes of composites in components sliding against hard surface. The notable composite properties were found at processingparameters of 50 h milling time and UHP at 600 °C for 15 min under 70 MPa applied pressure.

Knowledge about Cervical Cancer Early Warning Signs and Symptoms, Risk Factors and Vaccination among Students at a Medical School in Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Al-Darwish, Abdulaziz Ahmed,Al-Naim, Abdullah Fouad,Al-Mulhim, Khalid Saleh,Al-Otaibi, Nasser Khaled,Morsi, Mohammed Saad,Aleem, Ansari Mukhtar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among females and also the most preventable. In the literature there is abundant evidence that awareness regarding cervical cancer and its prevention is low in the developing countries. Medical students are the future health professionals and can play an important role in increasing awareness among the general population. To assess the knowledge regarding symptoms, risk factors and prevention of cervical carcinoma among medical students in th Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the present study was planned. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire with students at the College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, KSA, from December 2012 to May 2013. Results: The responses of 188 students (males 111, females 77) in their second, third, fourth, and fifth years were recorded and used in the data analysis. The majority of the students were not aware of the early warning signs, symptoms and risk factors. On average, only 43.7% males and 56% of females were aware about the early signs and symptoms whereas 51.4% males and 57.8% females had knowledge about the risk factors of cervical cancers. Some 55% males and 46.8% females were unable to select the correct answer regarding human papilloma virus (HPV) infection as the cause of cervical cancer. Majority of the students (67%) were not aware about the availability of vaccine against HPV. Conclusions: Lack of knowledge regarding early signs and symptoms, risk factors and prevention of cervical cancer was observed in the present study.

The Psychological Impact in the Repetition Style in the Poetry of Nazik Al-Malaika

( Salim Al Tie ) 한국외국어대학교 중동연구소 2011 중동연구 Vol.30 No.2

When you read Nazik Al-Malaika s`poetry, you will find psychological effects of the poet, especially in the way of repetition. Therefore, I think that is the phenomenon of psychological style of angelic poetry for Nazik, and form of the various levels is an important tributary tagged at the level of poetic texts, such as stress, attention, pleasure and emotion. It stimulated the poetic imagination to fly through the passages of graphic correlation depends on the other collected by repeating asymmetric units. The repetition in the texts of the poet is a technology that psychological constructions of each word contained in the style of repetition it was charged with the dimensions of semantic psychological and clear, and to highlight aspects of the dominant idea and the situation on the emotional content of poetic texts. As in the repetition in its methods of different nuclei of key experiences of poetry to express the intended rhetorical as the big energy rhythmic, as an expression taking into account the emotions and feelings with appropriate music poetry even counting integral part of the technical architecture of the text, which attracts the senses of hearing and sight to the receiver of sympathy with the poet and the impact of her mental condition; And work to raise the level of feeling in the poem, in addition to the rhythmic role, which was a rewind or resonance to the voice of the poet internal emotion generated from the depths of the same before the explosion.

Effects of Anthropogenic Interventions on the Entisols of Al-Khoud Dam Area in a Dry Region of Oman

Said Al-Ismaily,Ali Al-Maktoumi,Anvar Kacimov,Hamad Al-Busaidi,Said Al-Saqri 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6