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Mugham in Cultural Paradigm of Modern Azerbaijan
Baku Musical Academy named after Uzeyir Hajibeyli 한국국악교육연구학회 2016 국악교육연구 Vol.10 No.2
Mugham is a genre of professional music of oral tradition and national heritage of Azerbaijan. The main artistic and structural features of mugham, possessing an immense effect on the whole musical culture of Azerbaijan, are briefly highlighted in the article. Forming in a long period of time, mugham absorbed the diversity of spiritual values and all the ethnocultural richness created by Azerbaijani nation. Mugham is expressed and concentrated in not only Azerbaijani culture and art, but also philosophy, religious and mystical opinions, psychology, ethics and aesthetics of the people. In a certain sense, mugham is a peculiar artistic, musical-poetic metaphor of Azerbaijani life and history. The influence of this art on the national mentality with its inclination to contemplativeness, concentration on the internal and deep, is huge, as statics, meditativeness and deliberateness represent the essence of the mugham music. The matter of preservation of mugham, which carries the fundamental national codes of Azerbaijani culture, always disturbed the advanced intellectuals of Azerbaijan. In the 1920s, (the period of forced sovietization), a real threat to the “life” of mugham emerged. In this fateful moment of the history, Uzeyir Hajibeyli (1885-1948) took the only correct position. With his work and activities as a composer, scientist and pedagogue, he proved the necessity of a careful attitude to the spiritual treasure of the people. His composer oeuvre, the research “Principles of Azerbaijan Folk Music” and the concept of the musical education became the basis, on which the whole modern Azerbaijani culture grew. Building on the idea of the first opera “Leyli and Majnun”, the composers of Azerbaijan traced their way to creation of the symphonic mugham (Fikret Amirov) and jazz-mugham (Vagif Mustafazadeh). With restoration of the independency of Azerbaijan, paying attention to the traditional heritage became one of the priorities of the cultural politics of Azerbaijan. The role of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, directing the agendas on the preservation, development and propaganda of mugham, is mentioned in this work. Among the projects of the Foundation are the transfer of the mugham records in modern storage devices, publication of the “Encyclopedia of Azerbaijani Mugham”, construction of the Mugham Centre, organization of the large-scale international festival “Space of Mugham” with participation of the leading musicians, experts in the field of maqam culture and the establishment of the National Conservatoire. The importance of the role of TV Mugham Contests in revealing talents of young performers from all over the country and forming an enlightened mugham listener is stressed. However, almost 70 years of the reign of the Soviet art paradigm, as well as enhanced global trends have led to the loss of the core properties of mugham, thus transforming it into a concert genre. Currently, the musical science and education of Azerbaijan solve a task to restore mugham as a conceptual pivot of the whole national culture. The healing force of mugham with its hidden energetic resources should be more actively used in the system of education, at all levels, as mugham contains a great wisdom, virtue, love and beauty.
Clinical practice guidelines for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring: 2020 update
Korean Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring,Korean Neurological Association,Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine,Korean Society of Clinical Neurophysiology,Korean Association o 대한임상신경생리학회 2021 Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology Vol.23 No.1
The utility and accuracy of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has evolved greatly following the recent development of new devices for neurophysiological testing and advances in anesthesiology. Until recently, the need for IONM services has been limited to large academic hospitals, but the demand for neurophysiologists with expertise in IONM has grown rapidly across diverse types of hospital. The primary goal of the Korean Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (KSION) is to promote the development of IONM research groups and to contribute to the improvement of fellowship among members and human health through academic projects. These guidelines are based on extensive literature reviews, recruitment of expert opinions, and consensus among KSION board members. This version of the guidelines was fully approved by the KSION, Korean Association of EMG Electrodiagnostic Medicine, the Korean Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine, and the Korean Neurological Association.
Current Status of Clinical Practice Guidelines in Korea
Choi Miyoung,김수영,Lee You Kyung,Executive Committee for Clinical Practice Guidelines, The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.6
Background: The development process of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) must adhere to development standards and must be supported and steered by a representative and consistent governing body. We aimed to investigate the current status of the most recent CPGs published in Korea through surveys of medical professional societies and literature searches. Methods: We collected CPGs developed in Korea in the past 5 years through several electronic database searches (MEDLINE, Embase, and KoreaMed), hand searches, and surveys of medical society memberships from the Korean Academy Medical Societies. Three authors selected Korean CPGs according to our inclusion/exclusion criteria and extracted data from selected CPGs about general characteristics, characteristics of CPGs for setup, evidence evaluation, and the finalization phase. Results: Out of 2,337 articles searched from various sources and 66 documents collected by survey, 129 guidelines (122 by database searching and 7 by survey) were selected. During the recent 5 years, the yearly numbers of CPGs developed were around 25. A single organization was the most frequent CPG development body (42, 32.6%). The most common development methodologies described in the CPGs included were de novo (53, 41.1%) followed by adaptation (48, 37.2%) and hybrid (4, 3.1%). Systematic literature searching was performed in most of the guidelines (79.8%). The evidence level was reported in 104 guidelines (80.6%). There were 77 guidelines (59.7%) that reported an update plan. Fifty guidelines were published in Korean (41.0%), and 46 guidelines were published in English only (37.7%). Conclusion: Among CPGs developed in Korea in the last 5 years, the proportion adhering to CPG development standards has increased, but there is still room for improvement.
김상헌,문지영,이재현,반가영,김수정,김미애,김주희,김민혜,박찬선,박소영,권혁수,권재우,정재우,강혜련,박종숙,김태범,박흥우,조유숙,유광하,오연목,이병재,장안수,조상헌,박해심,박춘식,윤호주,Severe Asthma Work Group,Korean Academy of Asthma 대한천식알레르기학회 2018 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.10 No.3
Purpose: Severe asthma and asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome (ACOS) are difficult to control and are often associated with poor clinical outcomes. However, much is not understood regarding the diagnosis and treatment of severe asthma and ACOS. To evaluate the current perceptions of severe asthma and COPD among asthma and COPD specialists, we designed an e-mail and internet-based questionnaire survey. Methods: Subjects were selected based on clinical specialty from among the members of the Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. Of 432 subjects who received an e-mail invitation to the survey, 95 subjects, including 58 allergists and 37 pulmonologists, responded and submitted their answers online. Results: The specialists estimated that the percentage of severe cases among total asthma patients in their practice was 13.9%±11.0%. Asthma aggravation by stepping down treatment was the most common subtype, followed by frequent exacerbation, uncontrolled asthma despite higher treatment steps, and serious exacerbation. ACOS was estimated to account for 20.7% of asthma, 38.0% of severe asthma, and 30.1% of COPD cases. A history of smoking, persistently low forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and low FEV1 variation were most frequently classified as the major criteria for the diagnosis of ACOS among asthma patients. Among COPD patients, the highly selected major criteria for ACOS were high FEV1 variation, positive bronchodilator response, a personal history of allergies and positive airway hyperresponsiveness. Allergists and pulmonologists showed different assessments and opinions on asthma phenotyping, percentage, and diagnostic criteria for ACOS. Conclusions: Specialists had diverse perceptions and clinical practices regarding severe asthma and ACOS patients. This heterogeneity must be considered in future studies and strategy development for severe asthma and ACOS.
모바일 메신저를 이용한 단체 수유상담에 대한 초산모의 만족도 조사
한국건강증진개발원(Korea Health Promotion Foundation),대한모유수유한의학회(Korean Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine),김경한(Kyeong Han Kim),지은영(Eun Young Ji) 대한모유수유한의학회 2015 대한모유수유한의학회지 Vol.1 No.1
Objectives: The aim of this study is to survey on satisfaction of primipara for group breast-feeding counseling using mobile messenger. Methods: We conducted breast-feeding group counseling using mobile messenger to people who participated in prenatal education program of public health center. After 3 months, we surveyed the behavior of breast-feeding and the level of satisfaction of group counseling. Results: All of subjects fed colostrum and breast milk for 1 month after birth. Each levels of satisfaction of group counseling before and after birth, which were measured by 5-point Likert scale, were 3.77±1.09 and 4.33±0.70, respectively. The most common reason for satisfaction of mobile counseling before birth was the reduction of fear of breast-feeing (31.6%). The most common reason for satisfaction of mobile counseling after birth was offering information about breast-feeding (27.3%). Conclusions: Breast-feeding group counseling using mobile messenger seemed to be helpful for primipara s breast-feeding. Additional studies including more subjects will be required to prove credibility and validity of the effect of group counseling.