Covid-19 Pandemic: A Demand for Malaysia to Support Refugees under International and Domestic Law

Zuraini Ab Hamid,Mohd Hisham Mohd Kamal (사) 이준국제법연구원 2022 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.15 No.1

The WHO reported the Covid-19 outbreak infected 486,761,597 people, involving 6,142,735 deaths worldwide as of 1 April 2022. This contagious disease has spread rapidly throughout the world, including Malaysia. Since the outbreak in Malaysia began in March 2020, the Movement Control Order (MCO) has been implemented nationwide, leaving a significant impact on its citizens, non-citizens, as well as refugees. There is some exploitation of refugees, where enforcement officers are targeting them for criminal offences. Stakeholders claimed the Malaysian government did not provide any assistance to refugees during the pandemic, including health care and economy. This article examines Malaysia’s responsibilities as a host country to refugees during the Covid-19 outbreak. The Malaysian government is proposed to continuously support refugees on humanitarian grounds based on the country’s economic development capabilities. This paper will look into the current situation of the Refugees in Malaysia; discuss the challenges that the Refugees in Malaysia are facing; analyse the legal

Rights of Migrant Workers under Malaysian Employment Law

Zuraini Ab Hamid,Siti Fazilah Abdul Shukor,Ashgar Ali Ali Mohamed 이준국제법연구원 2018 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.11 No.2

The evaluation of thrombolytic and secondary prevention in post myocardial infarction design of pharmacy based education program

Che Zurainy Sulaiman 한국임상약학회 2004 학술대회 Vol.2004 No.1

Comparative investigation into the anti-ulcer activity of virgin coconut oil and coconut oil in pylorous ligated animal model

Malarvili Selvarajah,Zuraini Ahmad,Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria,Hoe Siong Chiong,Yoke Kin Yong,Kamariah Long,Muhammad Nazrul Hakim 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2015 TANG Vol.5 No.4

This current study investigated the anti-ulcer activity of 2 types of virgin coconut oil (VCO-A and VCO-B) and coconut oil (CO). Sprague-Dawley of male rats divided into 6 groups and each group consisted of ten rats. Rats were then treated with either VCO or CO and then were then anaesthetized and pyloric ligation was performed. The anaesthesia was discontinued and the animal usually recovered consciousness within less than an hour. Three hours later, the animal was then again anaesthetized and sacrificed with chloroform. Stomach removed and its content subjected to measurement of volume and pH. The results revealed VCO-B and VCO-A (100%) significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) the volume of gastric juice secreted by the control rats by 66.81% and 51.53%, respectively. Followed by CO 42.80%. While the inhibition of gastric juice for positive control rats which treated with ranitidine (100 mg/kg) was only 22.38%. The total acid output was reduced by the oils to 70.80%, 74.16% and 40.45% for VCO-A, VCO-B and CO respectively compared to control group. Ranitidine reduced the total acid output by 34.83%. In conclusion, prevention of gastric lesions in rats by VCO was found to increase the mucous and decrease the acid volume, total acid contents and ulcer scoring. The treatment of VCO affects the all parameters that influence the initiation and perpetuation of ulceration.

Analgesic activity of three Channa spp. fish extracts

Solihah, MH,Israf, DA,Zuraini, A,Arifah, AK,Zakaria, MS,Zakaria, ZA,Sulaiman, MR,Jais, AM Mat,Somchit, N Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2006 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.6 No.4

In the present study, three Malaysian Channa spp. fish Channa striatus, Channa micropeltes and Channa lucius were assessed for their analgesic activity. Distilled water and mixture of chloroform: methanol were used for extraction. The analgesic or antinociceptive activity was investigated by abdominal writhing and hot plate test. The water extract of Channa striatus and the chloroform: methanol extract Channa lucius produced potent antinociceptive effect when assessed with the abdominal writhing test. The activity was compared to morphine where the activity of the extracts was less potent than the opioid. In the hote plate test, water extract of Channa striatus revealed significant activity and chloroform:methanol extract of Channa micropeltes had moderate activity. However, these activities were statistically lower than morphine. Collectively, this study also showed that Channa striatus extract was more potent analgesic agent when compared to the other closely related snakehead Channa micropeltes and Channa lucius.

A Baseline Assessment of Coral Reef in Malacca Straits, Malaysia

Che Din Mohd Safuan,Azizi Ali,Zuraini Zainol,Ahmad Ali,Mohd Fadzil Mohd Akhir,Aidy M. Muslim,Zainudin Bachok 한국해양과학기술원 2018 Ocean science journal Vol.53 No.2

Coral reefs along the Malacca Straits (MS) are poorly developed mainly due to turbidity and sedimentation. This study describes the health status and community structure of the corals in Cape Rachado, West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia (WCPM), utilizing the Coral Video Transect (CVT) technique. All the survey transects were categorized as ‘fair’ coral conditions (27.39 ± 5.41%–48.56 ± 18.96%) with the reef floor mainly covered by corals and sediment. Twelve families of coral comprised of 25 distinct genera were identified. Coral communities were differentiated into four clusters with each being predominated by Galaxea, Diploastrea, Fungia and Pectinia respectively. Among all, Pectinia is the most spectacular genera and dominated the survey area. Along the MS, Favia, Favites and Porites are commonly found while Porites and Pectinia dominated the reefs. Low coral cover and diversity was recorded in MS as compared to the reefs in the South China Sea (SCS). The most prominent results include changes in the dominant coral from Porites to Pectinia while some species such as Acropora were absent from the study area. Based on the presented data, the reef in the study area was predominantly occupied by sediment and the coral communities were formed by a species with a high tolerance to turbidity and sedimentation.

Examining family and school factors as predictors of delinquency: A study of juvenile offenders, at-risk students, and low-risk students in Malaysia

Bee Piang Tan,Jamil @ Osman Zuraini ,Mahadir Naidu Noor Banu 한국사회복지학회 2019 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.13 No.2

This study aims to examine family and school factors as predictors of delinquency among adolescents in Malaysia. A total of 101 juvenile offenders, 86 at-risk students, and 92 low-risk students were involved in this study. Multinomial logistic regression was used to predict the likelihood of an adolescent being in a group of juvenile of-fenders or of being an at-risk or low-risk student, based on four predictor variables: family structure, family relationships, school relationships, and commitment to learn-ing. The results show that family relations, school relations, and commitment to learning have different predictive effects on the likelihood of different levels of de-linquent behavior. However, family structure is not found to be a significant predictor in the logistic regression in this study. The findings of the study suggest that keeping young people in school can serve as a strong protective factor that serves to prevent at-risk students from moving along the trajectory of serious delinquent behaviors.

Anti-ulcerogenic activity of virgin coconut oil contribute to the stomach health of humankind

Malarvili Selverajah,Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria,Kamariah Long,Zuraini Ahmad,Azhar Yaacob,Muhammad Nazrul Somchit 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2016 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.6 No.2

The aimed of the presence study was to determine the antiulcer potential of virgin coconut oil (VCO), either extracted by wet process (VCOA) or fermentation process (VCOB), and to compare their effectiveness against the copra oil (CO) using the HCl/ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. Earlier, the oils underwent chemical analysis to determine the free fatty acids composition, physicochemical properties and anti-oxidant capability. In the antiulcer study, rats (n = 6) were pre-treated orally for 7 consecutive days with distilled water (vehicle), 100 mg/kg ranitidine (positive group) or the respective oils (10, 50, and 100% concentration). One hour after the last test solutions administration on Day 7th, the animals were subjected to the gastric ulcer assay. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses were performed on the collected rat’s stomachs. From the results obtained, the chemical analysis revealed i) the presence of high content of lauric acid followed by myristic acid and palmitic acid in all oils and; ii) the significant (*p < 0.05) different in anisidine- and peroxide-value, percentage of free fatty acid, total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity among the oils. The animal study demonstrated that all oil possess significant (*p < 0.05) antiulcer activity with VCOB being the most effective oil followed by VCOA and CO. The macroscopic observations were supported by the microscopic findings. Interestingly, all oils were more effective than 100 mg/kg ranitidine (reference drug). In conclusion, coconut oils exert remarkable antiulcer activity depending on their methods of extraction, possibly via the modulation of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

The Effect of Spending Distribution on Financial Well-Being among Young Working Women

ZAINOL, Zuraidah,OMAR, Nor Asiah,ZAINOL, Zuraini,MOHD SHOKORY, Suzyanty,ABAS, Bahijah Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 유통과학연구 Vol.20 No.11

Purpose: This study determines the effect of spending distribution, namely experiential, impulsive, self-expressive, prosocial, and conspicuous spending, on the financial well-being of young working women in Malaysia. Research design, data and methodology: This study employed a quantitative and deductive approach. A sample of 400 young working women was selected using a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM). Results: The findings revealed prosocial and impulsive spending as the significant spending distribution to affect financial well-being. The effect of prosocial spending is positive on financial well-being, while the effect of impulsive spending is a negative predictor of financial well-being. All other spending distribution - experiential, self-expressive, and conspicuous spending - do not have a significant effect on financial well-being. Conclusion: To achieve financial well-being, young working women need to distribute the spending budget for the happiness of others and reduce impulse buying. The findings provide useful insights on the significant role of spending distribution in influencing, how to fuel young working women to develop good spending habits that consequently improve their financial well-being, for themselves and Malaysian economics, as well as the plausible solution to overcome financial problems and high indebtedness.

In vitro antimicrobial activity of Cassia auriculata

Nur, I Elysha,Somchit, MN,Reezal, I,Zuraini, A,Mutalib, AR Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2005 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.5 No.1

Ethanol and aqueous extracts of Cassia auriculata were tested in vitro against fungi (Candida albicans and Microsporum canis) and bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteriditis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis). M. canis showed dose-dependent susceptibility only towards ethanol leaf and bark extracts. C. albicans, were resistant to all types of plant extracts. Results were statistically smaller to antifungal drug ketoconazole and miconazole at equivalent concentration. Both ethanol and aqueous extracts of Cassia auriculata leaves and barks exhibit antibacterial activity against S. aureus and only the ethanol extracts of leaf and bark were detected against Bacillus subtilis. The results were compared to antibacterial drugs chloramphenicol, ampicillin, penicillin G, and enrofloxacin. The antibacterial activity was statistically similar to penicillin G. Based on the current findings, it can be concluded that this plant has antimicrobial activity, which is as potent as standard antimicrobial drugs.