Deduction and exploration of the evolution and function of vertebrate GFPT family

Wei Si-ang,Xu Ran,Ji Yu-yao,Ding Zhi-wen,Ding Zhi-wen 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.2

Background: Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFPT) is a key factor in the hexosamine metabolism pathway. It regulates the downstream factor O-GlcNAc to change cell function and plays an important role in the metabolism and immune process of tissues and organs. However, the evolutionary relationship of GFPT family proteins in vertebrates has not been elucidated. Objective: To deduce and explore the evolution and function of vertebrate GFPT family. Methods: 18 GFPT sequences were obtained from Homo sapiens (H. sapiens), Trachypithecus francoisi (T. francoisi), Mus musculus (M. musculus), Rattus norvegicus (R. norvegicus), Gallus gallus (G. gallus), Zootoca vivipara (Z. vivipara), Xenopus tropicalis (X. tropicalis), Danio rerio (D. rerio), Rhincodon typus (R. typus), Plasmodium relictum from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The physical and chemical characteristics and molecular evolution of GFPT family proteins and nucleic acid sequences were analyzed by ClustalX2, Gene Doc, MEGA-X, SMART, Datamonkey, R etc. RESULTS: Based on the neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree and evolution fingerprints, GFPT family members of vertebrates can be divided into two groups: the GFPT1 group and the GFPT2 group. Seven positive selection sites were identified by IFEL and integrated methods mixed effects model of evolution (MEME) and fixed effects likelihood (REL). Finally, we predicted 28 phosphorylation sites and 18 ubiquitousness sites in the human GFPT1 sequence, 10 phosphorylation sites, and five ubiquitousness sites in GFPT2. Gene ontology (GO) analyzes the protein molecules and KEGG signaling pathways of vertebrates interacting with GFPT family proteins. Conclusions: Our work confirmed that higher animals GFPT family may have differentiated GFPT1 and GFPT2, which meets their own functional needs. This knowledge answers the question what the origin and evolution of GFPT family in vertebrates and provided the basis for disease treatment and function research of GFPT protein.

MicroRNA-214-mediated UBC9 expression in glioma

( Zhi Qiang Zhao ),( Xiao Chao Tan ),( Ani Zhao ),( Li Yuan Zhu ),( Bin Yin ),( Jiang Ang Yuan ),( Bo Qin Qiang ),( Xiao Zhong Peng ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2012 BMB Reports Vol.45 No.11

It has been reported that ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 9 (Ubc9), the unique enzyme2 in the sumoylation pathway, is up-regulated in many cancers. However, the expression and regulation of UBC9 in glioma remains unknown. In this study, we found that Ubc9 was up-regulated in glioma tissues and cell lines compared to a normal control. UBC9 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) affected cell proliferation and apoptosis in T98G cells. Further experiments revealed that microRNA (miR)-214 directly targeted the 3` untranslated region (UTR) of UBC9 and that there was an inverse relationship between the expression levels of miR-214 and UBC9 protein in glioma tissues and cells. MiR-214 overexpression suppressed the endogenous UBC9 protein and affected T98G cell proliferation. These findings suggest that miR-214 reduction facilitates UBC9 expression and is involved in the regulation of glioma cell proliferation.

Towards high-accuracy data modelling, uncertainty quantification and correlation analysis for SHM measurements during typhoon events using an improved most likely heteroscedastic Gaussian process

Qi’ang Wang,Zhi-Jun Liu,Hao-Bo Wang,Zhanguo Ma,Yi-Qing Ni,Jian Jiang,Rui Sun,Hao-Wei Zhu 국제구조공학회 2023 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.32 No.4

Data modelling and interpretation for structural health monitoring (SHM) field data are critical for evaluating structural performance and quantifying the vulnerability of infrastructure systems. In order to improve the data modelling accuracy, and extend the application range from data regression analysis to out-of-sample forecasting analysis, an improved most likely heteroscedastic Gaussian process (iMLHGP) methodology is proposed in this study by the incorporation of the outof- sample forecasting algorithm. The proposed iMLHGP method overcomes this limitation of constant variance of Gaussian process (GP), and can be used for estimating non-stationary typhoon-induced response statistics with high volatility. The first attempt at performing data regression and forecasting analysis on structural responses using the proposed iMLHGP method has been presented by applying it to real-world filed SHM data from an instrumented cable-stay bridge during typhoon events. Uncertainty quantification and correlation analysis were also carried out to investigate the influence of typhoons on bridge strain data. Results show that the iMLHGP method has high accuracy in both regression and out-of-sample forecasting. The iMLHGP framework takes both data heteroscedasticity and accurate analytical processing of noise variance (replace with a point estimation on the most likely value) into account to avoid the intensive computational effort. According to uncertainty quantification and correlation analysis results, the uncertainties of strain measurements are affected by both traffic and wind speed. The overall change of bridge strain is affected by temperature, and the local fluctuation is greatly affected by wind speed in typhoon conditions.

MicroRNA-217 Functions as a Tumour Suppressor Gene and Correlates with Cell Resistance to Cisplatin in Lung Cancer

Junhua Guo,Zhijun Feng,Zhi’ang Huang,Hongyan Wang,Wujie Lu 한국분자세포생물학회 2014 Molecules and cells Vol.37 No.9

MiR-217 can function as an oncogene or a tumour suppressor gene depending on cell type. However, the function of miR-217 in lung cancer remains unclear to date. This study aims to evaluate the function of miR-217 in lung cancer and investigate its effect on the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to cisplatin. The expression of miR-217 was detected in 100 patients by real-time PCR. The effects of miR-217 overexpression on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of SPC-A-1 and A549 cells were investigated. The target gene of miR-217 was predicted by Targetscan online software, screened by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and demonstrated by Western blot. Finally, the effects of miR-217 up-regulation on the sensitivity of A549 cells to cisplatin were determined. The expression of miR-217 was significantly lower in lung cancer tissues than in noncancerous tissues (p < 0.001). The overexpression of miR-217 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion as well as promoted the apoptosis of lung cancer cells by targeting KRAS. The up-regulation of miR-217 enhanced the sensitivity of SPC-A-1 and A549 cells to cisplatin. In conclusion, miR-217 suppresses tumour development in lung cancer by targeting KRAS and enhances cell sensitivity to cisplatin. Our results encourage researchers to use cisplatin in combination with miR-217 to treat lung cancer. This regime might lead to low-dose cisplatin application and cisplatin side-effect reduction.

MicroRNA-217 Functions as a Tumour Suppressor Gene and Correlates with Cell Resistance to Cisplatin in Lung Cancer

Guo, Junhua,Feng, Zhijun,Huang, Zhi'ang,Wang, Hongyan,Lu, Wujie Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2014 Molecules and cells Vol.37 No.9

MiR-217 can function as an oncogene or a tumour suppressor gene depending on cell type. However, the function of miR-217 in lung cancer remains unclear to date. This study aims to evaluate the function of miR-217 in lung cancer and investigate its effect on the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to cisplatin. The expression of miR-217 was detected in 100 patients by real-time PCR. The effects of miR-217 overexpression on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of SPC-A-1 and A549 cells were investigated. The target gene of miR-217 was predicted by Targetscan online software, screened by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and demonstrated by Western blot. Finally, the effects of miR-217 up-regulation on the sensitivity of A549 cells to cisplatin were determined. The expression of miR-217 was significantly lower in lung cancer tissues than in noncancerous tissues (p < 0.001). The overexpression of miR-217 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion as well as promoted the apoptosis of lung cancer cells by targeting KRAS. The up-regulation of miR-217 enhanced the sensitivity of SPC-A-1 and A549 cells to cisplatin. In conclusion, miR-217 suppresses tumour development in lung cancer by targeting KRAS and enhances cell sensitivity to cisplatin. Our results encourage researchers to use cisplatin in combination with miR-217 to treat lung cancer. This regime might lead to low-dose cisplatin application and cisplatin side-effect reduction.

A bench study comparing between scalpel-bougie technique and cannula-to-Melker technique in emergency cricothyroidotomy in a porcine model

See Seong Chang,Qian Jun Tong,Zhi Yuen Beh,Kelvin Howyow Quek,Bun Hui Ang 대한마취통증의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.71 No.4

Background: The ideal emergency cricothyroidotomy technique remains a topic of ongoing debate. This study aimed to compare the cannula-to-Melker technique with the scalpel-bougie technique and determine whether yearly training in cricothyroidotomy techniques is sufficient for skill retention. Methods: We conducted an observational crossover bench study to compare the cannula-to-Melker with the scalpel- bougie technique in a porcine tracheal model. Twenty-eight anesthetists participated. The primary outcome was time taken for device insertion. Secondary outcomes were first-pass success rate, incidence of tracheal trauma, and technique preference. We also compared the data on outcome measures with the data obtained in a similar workshop a year ago. Results: The scalpel-bougie technique was significantly faster than the cannula-to-Melker technique for cricothyroidotomy (median time of 45.2 s vs. 101.3 s; P = 0.001). Both techniques had 100% success rate within two attempts; there were no significant differences in the first-pass success rates and incidence of tracheal wall trauma (P > 0.999 and P = 0.727, respectively) between them. The relative risks of inflicting tracheal wall trauma after a failed cricothyroidotomy attempt were 6.9 (95% CI 1.5–31.1), 2.3 (95% CI 0.3–20.7) and 3.0 (95% CI 0.3–25.9) for the scalpel-bougie, cannula-cricothyroidotomy, and Melker-Seldinger airway, respectively. The insertion time and incidence of tracheal wall trauma were lower when the present data were compared with data from a similar workshop conducted the previous year. Conclusions: This study supports the use of a scalpel-bougie technique for cricothyroidotomy by anesthetists and advocates a yearly training program for skill retention.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes in eri-silkworm, Samia cynthia ricini in response to 1- deoxynojirimycin

Hai-Zhong Yu,Yan Ma,Shang-zhi Zhang,Dong-qiong Fei,Bing Liu,Li-ang Yang,Azharuddin Muhammad,Ming-hui Liu,Jia-Ping Xu 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1

1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) as a kind of alkaloid has been confirmed that could modulate glycometabolism andhas toxicity for the eri-silkworm in our previous research. On the contrary, what is the potentially defensivemechanism when the DNJ enters the eri-silkworm. Based on comparative transcriptome sequencing, we foundthat ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes could be induced significantly by DNJ. In this study, a total of16 putative ABC transporter genes were identified, which can be classified into seven subfamilies, namely oneABCA, four ABCBs, three ABCCs, two ABCDs, one ABCE, three ABCFs, and two ABCGs. Phylogenetic analysisrevealed that ScABCs had strong conservation with Bombyx mori. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RTqPCR)suggested that 6 ABC transporters had a strong positive correlation between RT-qPCR and transcriptomedata. Additionally, S. c. ricini ABC transporter C-subfamily 4 (ScABCC4), S. c. ricini ABC transporter G-subfamily4 (ScABCG4), S. c. ricini ABC transporter A-subfamily 3 (ScABCA3) and S. c. ricini ABC transporter C-subfamily10 (ScABCC10) showed different expression pattern in two feed dose (1% and 2% DNJ) and three time points(6h, 12 h, 48 h). This study provides the first study on identification, characterization and expression patterns ofABC transporter genes in S. c. ricini response to DNJ, and lays a foundation for further understanding of theirphysiological roles response to the alkaloid.