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( Ji Hu ),( Zhen Yuan Song ),( Hong Hong Zhang ),( Xin Qin ),( Shufen Hu ),( Xinghong Jiang ),( Guang Yin Xu ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2016 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.22 No.1
Background/Aims Patients with long-standing diabetes often demonstrate intestinal dysfunction and abdominal pain. However, the pathophysiology of abdominal pain in diabetic patients remains elusive. The purpose of study was to determine roles of voltage-gated sodium channels in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in colonic hypersensitivity of rats with diabetes. Methods Diabetic models were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg) in adult female rats, while the control rats received citrate buffer only. Behavioral responses to colorectal distention were used to determine colonic sensitivity in rats. Colon projection DRG neurons labeled with DiI were acutely dissociated for measuring excitability and sodium channel currents by whole-cell patch clamp recordings. Western blot analysis was employed to measure the expression of NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 of colon DRGs. Results STZ injection produced a significantly lower distention threshold than control rats in responding to colorectal distention. STZ injection also depolarized the resting membrane potentials, hyperpolarized action potential threshold, decreased rheobase and increased frequency of action potentials evoked by 2 and 3 times rheobase and ramp current stimulation. Furthermore, STZ injection enhanced neuronal sodium current densities of DRG neurons innervating the colon. STZ injection also led to a significant upregulation of NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 expression in colon DRGs compared with age and sex-matched control rats. Conclusions Our results suggest that enhanced neuronal excitability following STZ injection, which may be mediated by upregulation of NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 expression in DRGs, may play an important role in colonic hypersensitivity in rats with diabetes. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016;22:129-140)
The ways for ginsenoside Rh2 to fight against cancer: the molecular evidences in vitro and in vivo.
Qi-rui Hu,Yao Pan,Han-cheng Wu,Zhen-zhen Dai,Qing-xin Huang,Ting Luo,Jing Li,Ze-yuan Deng,Fang Chen The Korean Society of Ginseng 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.2
Cancer is a global public health issue that becomes the second primary cause of death globally. Considering the side effects of radio- or chemo-therapy, natural phytochemicals are promising alternatives for therapeutic interventions to alleviate the side effects and complications. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) is the main phytochemical extracted from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer with anticancer activity. GRh2 could induce apoptosis and autophagy of cancer cells and inhibit proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In addition, GRh2 could be used as an adjuvant to chemotherapeutics to enhance the anticancer effect and reverse the adverse effects. Here we summarized the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of GRh2 and proposed future directions to promote the development and application of GRh2.
( Zhen Lin ),( Hedong Han ),( Wei Guo ),( Xin Wei ),( Zhijian Guo ),( Shujie Zhai ),( Shuai Li ),( Yiming Ruan ),( Fangyuan Hu ),( Dongdong Li ),( Jia He ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.6
Background/Aims: To evaluate temporal trends of atrial fibrillation (AF) prevalence in critically ill patients who received prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) in the United States. Methods: We used the 2008 to 2014 National Inpatient Sample to compute the weighted prevalence of AF among hospitalized adult patients on prolonged MV. We used multivariable-adjusted models to evaluate the association of AF with clinical factors, in-hospital mortality, hospitalization cost, and length of stay (LOS). Results: We identified 2,578,165 patients who received prolonged MV (21.27% of AF patients). The prevalence of AF increased from 14.63% in 2008 to 24.43% in 2014 (p for trend < 0.0001). Amongst different phenotypes of critically ill patients, the prevalence of AF increased in patients with severe sepsis, asthma exacerbation, congestive heart failure exacerbation, acute stroke, and cardiac arrest. Older age, male sex, white race, medicare access, higher income, urban teaching hospital setting, and Western region were associated with a higher prevalence of AF. AF in critical illness was a risk factor for in-hospital death (odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.11 to 1.15), but in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with AF decreased from 11.6% to 8.3%. AF was linked to prolonged LOS (2%, p < 0.0001) and high hospitalization cost (4%, p < 0.0001). LOS (-1%, p < 0.0001) and hospitalization cost (-4%, p < 0.0001) decreased yearly. Conclusions: The prevalence of comorbid AF is increasing, particularly in older patients. AF may lead to poorer prognosis, and high-quality intensive care is imperative for this population.
Zhen-Hua Chen,Liang-Peng Sun,Wei Zhang,Qiang Shen,Li-Xin Gao,Jia Li,Hu-Ri Piao 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.5
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key factor in negative regulation of the insulin pathway, and is a promising target for the treatment of type-II diabetes, obesity and cancer. Herein, compound (4) was first observed to have moderate inhibitory activity against PTP1B with an IC50 value of 13.72 ± 1.53 μM. To obtain more potent PTP1B inhibitors, we synthesized a series of chalcone derivatives using compound (4) as the lead compound. Compound 4l (IC50 = 3.12 ± 0.18 μM) was 4.4-fold more potent than the lead compound 4 (IC50 = 13.72 ± 1.53 μM), and more potent than the positive control, ursolic acid (IC50 = 3.40 ± 0.21 μM). These results may help to provide suitable drug-like lead compounds for the design of inhibitors of PTP1B as well as other PTPs.
Hu, Sheng-Peng,Xu, Cheng-Yan,Zhang, Bao-You,Pei, Yi,Zhen, Liang Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.10
Monodispersed $Bi_2O_2CO_3$ nanoplates with an average width of 320 nm and thicknesses of 50-90 nm were successfully synthesized by a simple solvothermal method in a mixture solution of polyethylene glycol and $H_2O$. The obtained nanoplates were characterized by means of XRD, FT-IR, SEM and TEM. The effect of surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate on the morphology of $Bi_2O_2CO_3$ product was investigated. Under simulated solar light irradiation, $Bi_2O_2CO_3$ nanoplates exhibited superior photocatalytic activities towards the degradation of RhB as well as high chemical stability upon cycling photocatalytic test. The nanoplates also showed promising photodegradation ability for eliminating refractory pollutant of phenol. The excellent photocatalytic performance of $Bi_2O_2CO_3$ nanoplates as compared with P25-$TiO_2$ endows them as promising high efficiency photocatalysts.
Hu, Ping,Luo, Guo-An,Wang, Qing,Zhao, Zhong-Zhen,Wang, Wan,Jiang, Zhi-Hong 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.10
This study systematically investigated the retention behavior of seven neutral ginsenosides $Rg_1$, Re, Rf, $Rb_1$, $Rb_2$, Rc, Rd, and an acidic ginsenoside $R_0$, the major pharmacologically active components of Radix Ginseng with RP-HPLC. The effects of solvent, pH value, ionic strength of the mobile phase, and column temperature were investigated using an octadecylsiloxane-bonded silica gel column. Based on the ginsenosides' retention characteristics, the concentration of acetonitrile and the gradient of the mobile phase needed to maintain the baseline separation of the major neutral ginsenosides in Radix Ginseng were theoretically predicted. Furthermore, the ionic strength of mobile-phase necessary to achieve good resolution of the neutral ginsenosides and acidic ginsenosides was carefully investigated. According to the results of the quantitative analysis of ginsenosides in eight batches of ginseng samples from different sources, the developed HPLC technique may be a valuable tool for the quality assessment of Radix Ginseng.
Zhen Qin,Xiaoran Tang,Yu-Ting Wu,Sungki Lyu,Sang-Hu Park 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.10
Hydraulic power transmission systems have been widely used in recent years by virtue of their precise transmission, large driving force, safety, and reliability. Designs of hydraulic systems are being proposed that provide more convenient installation, greater driving force, and are more environmentally friendly. With this evolution, traditional hydraulic couplings are gradually becoming unable to meet the ever-changing hydraulic circuit connection requirements. In this paper, based on the fluid-structure interaction numerical investigation method and experimental verification methods, the construction safety and stability of the novel flat-face coupling system (NFFCS) is investigated, and the safety level of its construction stability is compared with that of a conventional flat-face coupling system. In addition, the mechanism design for 4-circuit and 6-circuit hydraulic quick coupling equipment based on the NFFCS technology is proposed, and the kinematic principles of its rapid and safe connection are explained. A series of structural stability simulations are implemented and the safety and reliability are discussed.
Pole-to-Ground Fault Analysis for MMC-HVDC Grid
Zhen He,Jiabing Hu,Lei Lin,Zhiyuan He 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5
Pole-to-ground (PTG) fault analysis is of vital importance for HVDC grid. However, many factors are not considered in the existing studies, such as the asymmetrical property of PTG fault, the coupling issue between dc transmission lines and the complexity of dc grid’s structure. This paper presents a PTG fault analysis method, which is based on common- and differential-mode (CDM) transformation. Similar to the symmetrical component method in ac system, the transformation decomposes the HVDC grid into CDM networks at first. Then, under the perspective of CDM components, a transfer impedance based analysis is performed to obtain the analytical expressions of PTG fault characteristics. The proposed PTG fault analysis method is applicable to arbitrary HVDC grid topologies. And the analytical expressions can give theoretical guidance for fault protection. The validity of the proposed PTG fault analysis method is verified by comparison with the simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC.