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Optimization of Biogas Production from Co-digestion of Whey and Cow Manure
Andrea Hublin,Tatjana Ignjati Zokic,Bruno Zelic 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.6
Anaerobic co-digestion is effective and environmentally attractive technology for energy recovery from organic waste. Organic, agricultural and industrial wastes are good substrates for anaerobic co-digestion because they contain high levels of easily biodegradable materials. In this paper enhancement of biogas production from codigestion of whey and cow manure was investigated in a series of batch experiments. The influence of whey ratio on specific biogas production in a mixture with cow manure was analyzed at 35 and 55oC, for different initial pH values and for different concentrations of supplemental bicarbonate in experiments carried out over 12 days. Good biogas production (6.6 dm3/dm3), methane content (79.4%) in a biogas mixture and removal efficiencies for total solids (16%)were achieved at optimum process conditions (temperature of 55oC, 10% v/v of whey and 5 g/dm3 NaHCO3 in the initial mixture). In order to validate optimized conditions for co-digestion of whey and cow manure in the one-stage batch process, the experiments were performed within 45days. The high biogas production (21.8 dm3/dm3), a good methane content (78.7%) in a biogas mixture as well as maximum removal efficiencies for total solids (32.3%),and chemical oxygen demand (56.3%), respectively indicate that whey could be efficiently degraded to biogas in a onestage batch process when co-digested with cow manure.
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Enhancement of Phenolic Compounds Oxidation Using Laccase from Trametes versicolor in a Microreactor
Ana Jurinjak Tušek,Marina Tišma,Valentina Bregovic,Ana Pticar,Želimir Kurtanjek,Bruno Zelic 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.4
Laccases catalyse the oxidation of a wide range of substrates by a radical-catalyzed reaction mechanism,with a corresponding reduction of oxygen to water in a four-electron transfer process. Due to that, laccases are considered environmentally friendly enzymes, and lately there has been great interest in their use for the transformation and degradation of phenolic compounds. In this work, enzymatic oxidation of catechol and L-DOPA using commercial laccase from Trametes versicolor was performed, in continuously operated microreactors. The main focus of this investigation was to develop a new process for phenolic compounds oxidation, by application of microreactors. For a residence time of 72 s and an inlet oxygen concentration of 0.271 mmol/dm3, catechol conversion of 41.3% was achieved, while approximately the same conversion of L-DOPA (45.0%) was achieved for an inlet oxygen concentration of 0.544 mmol/dm3. The efficiency of microreactor usage for phenolic compounds oxidation was confirmed by calculating the oxidation rates;in the case of catechol oxidation, oxidation rates were in the range from 76.101 to 703.935 g/dm3/d (18 - 167 fold higher, compared to the case in a macroreactor). To better describe the proposed process, kinetic parameters of catechol oxidation were estimated, using data collected from experiments performed in a microreactor. The maximum reaction rate estimated in microreactor experiments was two times higher than one estimated using the initial reaction rate method from experiments performed in a cuvette. A mathematical model of the process was developed, and validated, using data from independent experiments.
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