Analysis of nonlinear bioheat transfer equation in magnetic fluid hyperthermia

Zahed Zomordikhani,Mohammad Mahdi Attar,Alireza Jahangiri,Farzan Barati 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.9

The objective of this study is to examine the role of blood perfusion in magnetic fluid hyperthermia by drug delivery. Although increasing blood perfusion due to high local temperature difference refers to the intelligent response of the human body, some researchers are accustomed to employing a constant rate of blood perfusion in the bioheat transfer equation. In this study, we considered a variable volumetric rate for blood perfusion in tissue, experimentally and numerically by Galerkin method. To validate the results obtained from numerical methods, an experimental procedure proposed. Furthermore, in order to transfer magnetic fluid by drug delivery, infusion pomp by which the saline serum with nanoparticles through the vein and artery was employed to make a spherical distribution in tissue. This circulation made it possible to transfer nanoparticles to tissue without any injection. After 60 minutes and changing the dark color of the saline serum to light clear, high amount of nanoparticles (about 90 %) was transferred to the tissue. After slicing the tissue, the rather spherical distribution of nanoparticles may be illustrated. Afterward, that circulation at the rate equal to blood perfusion has been made to simulate blood perfusion in dead tissue. To measure temperature, seven Lm35 sensors have been inserted into the tissue to report temperature differences. Based on results, there was seen a significant change in hyperthermic temperature difference in comparison with results obtained from Pennes' bioheat transfer equation. Additionally, a difference of about 5-10 % was seen between numerical and experimental results.

Ex Situ Synthesis of Hexagonal NiO Nanosheets and Carboxyl-Terminated Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Detection of H₂O₂ and Ascorbic Acid

Abu Zahed, Md.,Barman, Sharat Chandra,Sharifuzzaman, Md.,Xuan, Xing,Nah, Joong San,Park, Jae Yeong The Electrochemical Society 2018 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.165 No.16

<P>In this study, we successfully developed a novel nanocomposite comprising hexagonal nickel oxide nanosheets (HNONS) and carboxyl-terminated reduced graphene oxide (Tr-rGO) using a hydrothermal process followed by calcinations for the detection of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and ascorbic acid. The surface morphology and structure of HNONS@Tr-rGO were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The electro catalytic activities of HNONS@Tr-rGO toward H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and ascorbic acid were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, amperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Under optimized conditions, the HNONS@Tr-rGO modified electrode exhibited a high sensitivity of 177.83 μAmM<SUP>−1</SUP>cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, wide linear range from 0.25 μM to 13.1 mM, and low detection limit of 0.25 μM (S/N = 3) as a non-enzymatic ascorbic acid sensor. Whereas, for H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2,</SUB> the sensor showed a high sensitivity of 222.16 μAmM<SUP>−1</SUP>cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, wide linear range from 0.3 μM to 10.7 mM, and low detection limit of 0.3 μM (S/N = 3). The feasibility of the developed highly sensitive, selective, and reproducible H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and ascorbic acid sensors was investigated in human serum. The experimental observations demonstrated that the HNONS@Tr-rGO nanocomposite is highly promising for the development of electrochemical sensors to detect biomolecules.</P>

Rabies in a Wildebeest (Connochaetes gnou) : A Case Study at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Dibyendu Biswas,Zahed Md.Malekur Rahman 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2018 Journal of Forest Science Vol.34 No.1

Rabies causes the highest mortality of all viral diseases in the world unless the victim has been protected either by active immunization or post-exposure immunoprophylaxis. Infected stray dogs, raccoons, skunks, foxes and bats are the demonstrated carriers of most cases of rabies. It is difficult to diagnose a rabid animal in the field unless characteristic clinical signs are evident. However, this study used a commercial fast check kit comprised of immunochromatographic test (ICT) strips (ICTS) to diagnose rabies infection in clinically suspected samples obtained from a wildebeest. A 10-year old male wildebeest (approximate weight, 150 kg) died at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari (BSMS) Park, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh with a clinical history of severe excitation and abundant oral secretions. A gross pathological examination revealed no specific lesions indicating any fatal diseases. The entire brain was collected within 6 hours of death, and the brain sample was tested using the ICT strips following the manufacturer’s directions. The rabies viral antibody was detected within the brain stem and medulla of the brain tissue of the dead wildebeest.

Ampere's law and energy loss in AdS/CFT duality

Sin, Sang-Jin,Zahed, Ismail North-Holland Pub. Co 2007 Physics letters. Section B Vol.648 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We note that the energy loss in N=4 SYM measures directly the spatial string tension <SUB>σS</SUB>=πλ<SUP>T2</SUP>/2 which is at the origin of the area law for large spatial Wilson loops. We show that the latter reflects on the nonperturbative nature of Ampere's law in N=4 SYM both in vacuum and at finite temperature.</P>

Holographic dual of cold trapped fermions

Sin, Sang-Jin,Zahed, Ismail IOP Publishing Ltd 2009 Journal of high energy physics Vol.2009 No.12

We study cold fermionic atoms using the holographic principle. We note that current atomic experiments with massive fermions trapped in a harmonic potential in the unitarity limit behave as massless fermions thanks to the Thomas-Fermi approximation. We map the thermodynamics of strongly correlated massless fermion to that of the charged black hole and study the thermodynamics and transport properties of cold fermions at strong coupling at finite temperature and density. In cold limit, the specific heat of charged black hole is linear in <I>T</I>independent of the dimensionality, which is reminiscent of Fermi liquids. The shear viscosity per particle is shown to be finite as a consequence of the non-vanishing of the entropy. We show that our holographic results compare favorably with most of the current atomic data.

Breeding Difficulty of Marsh Crocodile (Crocodylus Palustris, Lesson, 1831) in Safari Park of Bangladesh

Kazi Mohammad Masum,Zahed Mohammad Malekur Rahman,Mohammed Alamgir,Abdullah Al Mamun,M.M. Abdullah-Al-Mamun 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2012 Journal of Forest Science Vol.28 No.4

An assessment of Marsh crocodile’s (Crocodylus palustris LESSON, 1831) habitat, its feasibility in supporting the total population, feeding, hatching difficulty and variations in egg and clutch size of Marsh crocodile were carried out in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park for one year (July 2010 to June 2011). Major problem identified was the breeding failure, i.e. till now no hatching were found. Mainly two local weather variables (average temperature and humidity) were identified as the most obstructing parameters. Higher temperature (average 37.03oC) and Lower Humidity (average 75.33%) in comparison with standard range of incubation temperature and humidity for Marsh crocodile were seems to be vital reason for the failure of hatching. Understanding of the identified problem of this paper can direct the wildlife conservationist and the policy maker to take proper action for conserving the Marsh Crocodile in Bangladesh.

Study of dust ion-acoustic wave propagation in the Lorentzian magnetized dusty plasma

T. Abbaszadeh,H. Zahed,S. Salkhi Khasraghi,M.S. Sekhavat 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.9

Dust ion-acoustic waves propagation in the magnetized dusty plasma including ions, electrons and dustparticulates are studied by using kinetic equation. For unbounded and collisionless plasma and in thepresence of uniform external magnetic field B0, electrons and ions with Lorentzian distribution functionand dust particles with Maxwellian one are considered. Calculating dielectric tensor through the Vlasovequation solution, in the parallel propagation, dispersion relation is derived and suprathermal particleeffects on the Landau damping is studied. It is shown that the Landau damping effect vanishes forparallel propagation.

Breeding Difficulty of Marsh Crocodile (Crocodylus Palustris, Lesson, 1831) in Safari Park of Bangladesh

Masum, Kazi Mohammad,Rahman, Zahed Mohammad Malekur,Alamgir, Mohammed,Mamun, Abdullah Al,Abdullah-Al-Mamun, M.M. Institute of Forest Science 2012 Journal of Forest Science Vol.28 No.4

An assessment of Marsh crocodile's (Crocodylus palustris LESSON, 1831) habitat, its feasibility in supporting the total population, feeding, hatching difficulty and variations in egg and clutch size of Marsh crocodile were carried out in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park for one year (July 2010 to June 2011). Major problem identified was the breeding failure, i.e. till now no hatching were found. Mainly two local weather variables (average temperature and humidity) were identified as the most obstructing parameters. Higher temperature (average $37.03^{\circ}C$) and Lower Humidity (average 75.33%) in comparison with standard range of incubation temperature and humidity for Marsh crocodile were seems to be vital reason for the failure of hatching. Understanding of the identified problem of this paper can direct the wildlife conservationist and the policy maker to take proper action for conserving the Marsh Crocodile in Bangladesh.

Dense Hadronic Matter in Holographic QCD

김근영,신상진,Ismail Zahed 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.63 No.8

We provide a method to study hadronic matter at finite density in the context of the Sakai-Sugimoto model. We introduce the baryon chemical potential through the external U(1)v gaugefield in the induced (DBI plus CS) action on the D8-probe-brane, where baryons are skyrmions. Vector dominance is manifest at finite density. We derive the effect of the baryon density on theenergy density, and on the dispersion relations of pions and vector mesons at large Nc. The energydensity asymptotes are constant at large density, suggesting that dense matter at large Nc freezes,with the pion velocity dropping to zero. Holographic dense matter enforces exactly the tenets ofvector dominance and efficiently screens vector mesons. At the freezing point, the ρ−ππ couplingvanishes with a finite rho mass of about 20% its vacuum value.

A Gravity Dual of RHIC Collisions

Edward Shuryak,신상진,Ismail Zahed 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.2

In the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, we discuss the gravity dual of a heavy-ion-like collision in a variant of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM. We provide a gravity dual picture of the entire process by using a model in which the scattering process creates initially a holographic shower in bulk AdS. The subsequent gravitational fall leads to a moving black hole that is gravity dual to the expanding and cooling heavy-ion fireball. The front of the fireball cools at the rate of $1/\tau$ while the core cools as $1/\sqrt{\tau}$ from a cosmological-like argument. The cooling is faster than Bjorken cooling. The fireball freezes when the dual black hole background is replaced by a confining background through the Hawking-Page transition.